Life-course socioeconomic circumstances in acute, chronic and disabling pain among young employees: a double suffering

Background: Pain is known to be socioeconomically patterned and associated with disability. However, knowledge is scarce concerning life-course socioeconomic circumstances and pain among young adults. Our aim was to examine the associations of childhood and current socioeconomic circumstances with acute pain and chronic pain with low and high disability levels among young Finnish municipal employees. Methods: We analysed questionnaire data retrieved from the Young Helsinki Health Study ( n=4683) covering 18–39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland. We included multiple indicators of childhood and current socioeconomic circumstances and examined their associations with acute pain and with chronic pain with low and high disability levels. The level of chronic pain-related disability was assessed by the chronic pain grade questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted with stepwise adjustments for sociodemographic, socioeconomic and health-related covariates. Results: Childhood and current socioeconomic disadvantage were associated with acute and chronic pain, particularly with chronic pain with high disability level. The strongest associations after adjustments for covariates remained between chronic pain with high disability level and low educational level (odds ratio (OR) 3.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18–5.24), manual occupation (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.92–7.34) and experiencing frequent economic difficulties (OR 3.07, 95% CI 2.00–4.70). Conclusions: Pain is a common complaint that contributes to disability among young employees, particularly the most socioeconomically vulnerable. There is a socioeconomic gradient in both pain chronicity and the level of chronic pain-related disability. Life-course socioeconomic factors should be considered in pain-preventing strategies and in clinical practice.

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Pain in Multiple Sites and Clusters of Cause-Specific Work Disability Development among Midlife Municipal Employees

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073375 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3375

Author(s):

Aapo Hiilamo ◽

Anna Huttu ◽

Simon Øverland ◽

Olli Pietiläinen ◽

Ossi Rahkonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Work Disability ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Health Study ◽

Specific Work ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Occupational Class ◽

Work Disability Prevention ◽

Municipal Employees ◽

Adjusted Model

This study investigates to what extent pain in multiple sites and common risk factors related to work environment, occupational class and health behaviours are associated with cause-specific work disability (WD) development clusters. The study population was derived from the Finnish Helsinki Health Study (n = 2878). Sequence analysis created clusters of similar subsequent cause-specific WD development in an eight-year follow-up period. Cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the extent to which baseline factors, including pain in multiple sites, were associated with the subsequent WD clusters. A solution with five distinct WD clusters was chosen: absence of any WD (40%), low and temporary WD due to various causes (46%), WD due to mental disorders (3%), WD due to musculoskeletal (8%) and WD due to other causes (4%). Half of the employees in the musculoskeletal WD cluster had pain in multiple locations. In the adjusted model the number of pain sites, low occupational class and physical working conditions were linked to the musculoskeletal WD. The identified characteristics of the different WD clusters may help target tailored work disability prevention measures for those at risk.

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Acute and chronic back pain in adults and elderly in southern Brazil

Scientia Medica ◽

10.15448/1980-6108.2021.1.39824 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. e39824

Author(s):

Elizabet Saes-Silva ◽

Vanise dos Santos Ferreira Viero ◽

Fernanda de Oliveira Meller ◽

Antônio Augusto Schäfer ◽

Michele Vaz Canena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Acute Pain ◽

Chronic Back Pain ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Related ◽

Acute Back Pain

Aims: to determine the prevalence of acute and chronic back pain and associated factors and identify the consequences of this pain in adults and the elderly in southern Brazil.Methods: cross-sectional study conducted in 2019, in Criciúma, Santa Catarina, in individuals aged 18 and over. Acute back pain was pain in the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar regions not exceeding 3 months and chronic pain as pain for 3 months or more. Bivariate analyzes and multinomial logistic regression were performed.Results: among the 820 participants, the prevalence of back pain was 67.0%, acute pain 39.3% (95% CI: 35.5% to 43.3%) and chronic pain 27.4% (95% CI: 24.5% to 30.4%). Acute back pain was associated with women, overweight, obesity, and with WMSD/RSI, while chronic pain chronic pain was found mostly in women, being related to leisure inactivity ...were female, leisure inactivity, falls, Work-related musculoskeletal disorder/repetitive strain injury, and arthritis/rheumatism.Conclusions: acute pain was greater among overweight/obese and chronic pain contribute to absenteeism and demand for health services.

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Prevalence and determinants of diabetes and prediabetes in southwestern Iran: the Khuzestan comprehensive health study (KCHS)

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-021-00790-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sanam Hariri ◽

Zahra Rahimi ◽

Nahid Hashemi-Madani ◽

Seyyed Ali Mard ◽

Farnaz Hashemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Health Study ◽

Khuzestan Province ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Relative Risks ◽

Southwestern Iran

Background The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is postulated to have the highest increase in the prevalence of diabetes by 2030; however, studies on the epidemiology of diabetes are rather limited across the region, including in Iran. Methods This study was conducted between 2016 and 2018 among Iranian adults aged 20 to 65 years residing in Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. Diabetes was defined as the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of 126 mg/dl or higher, and/or taking antidiabetic medications, and/or self-declared diabetes. Prediabetes was defined as FBG 100 to 125 mg/dl. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the association of multiple risk factors that attained significance on the outcome. Results Overall, 30,498 participants were recruited; the mean (±SD) age was 41.6 (±11.9) years. The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes were 30.8 and 15.3%, respectively. We found a similar prevalence of diabetes in both sexes, although it was higher among illiterates, urban residents, married people, and smokers. Participants aged 50–65 and those with Body Mass Index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 or higher were more likely to be affected by diabetes [RR: 20.5 (18.1,23.3) and 3.2 (3.0,3.6)]. Hypertension [RR: 5.1 (4.7,5.5)], waist circumference (WC) equal or more than 90 cm [RR: 3.6 (3.3,3.9)], and family history [RR: 2.3 (2.2,2.5)] were also significantly associated with diabetes. For prediabetes, the main risk factors were age 50 to 65 years [RR: 2.6 (2.4,2.8)], BMI 30 kg/m2 or higher [RR: 1.9 (1.8,2.0)], hypertension and WC of 90 cm or higher [RR: 1.7 (1.6,1.8)]. The adjusted relative risks for all variables were higher in females than males, with the exception of family history for both conditions and waist circumference for prediabetes. Conclusions Prediabetes and diabetes are prevalent in southwestern Iran. The major determinants are older age, obesity, and the presence of hypertension. Further interventions are required to escalate diabetes prevention and diagnosis in high-risk areas across Iran.

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Patients referred to a German TMD-specialized consultation hour—a retrospective on patients without a diagnosis according to RDC/TMD decision trees

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-03866-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Angelika Rauch ◽

Sebastian Hahnel ◽

Anita Kloss-Brandstätter ◽

Oliver Schierz

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Oral Health ◽

Decision Trees ◽

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Health Impact ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

Abstract Objectives The objective was to describe the physical and psychosocial features of patients attending a specialized consultation hour for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This investigation focused on those patients who did not receive a diagnosis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Materials and methods From 2004 to 2017, patients seeking care during a TMD-specialized consultation hour were consecutively recruited. Each patient completed a TMD-related questionnaire, psychosocial questionnaires (Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beschwerden-Liste), and the Oral Health Impact Profile-49. The clinical examination was performed according to the RDC/TMD. Results The mean age of the 1020 patients was 43.3 years (75.3% female). According to the RDC/TMD decision trees, 351 patients were categorized without a TMD diagnosis (NoTMDdx). The most frequent reasons for seeking care were orofacial pain/TMJ pain or headaches revealing an OR of 1.89 (for TMDdx group). A relevant proportion of patients was categorized as positive for anxiety (NoTMDdx/TMDdx 30.8/41.2%; p = 0.072), depression (20.8/23.9%; p = 0.433), non-specific physical symptoms (31.4/44.1%; p < 0.001), or dysfunctional chronic pain (11.5/18.2%; p < 0.001). In both patient groups, the oral health-related quality of life was impaired (42.9/52.7 points; p < 0.001), and the frequency of therapy measures prior to the consultation hour was high. Conclusions Patients seeking care from TMD specialists were usually referred with TMD-associated symptoms. Of those, a relevant proportion did not receive a diagnosis according to RDC/TMD decision trees. Clinical relevance Psychosocial screening and the avoidance of overtreatment are recommended for patients with TMD-related symptoms.

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Transitions in hookah (Waterpipe) smoking by U.S. sexual minority adults between 2013 and 2015: the population assessment of tobacco and health study wave 1 and wave 2

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10389-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mary Rezk-Hanna ◽

Ian W. Holloway ◽

Joy Toyama ◽

Umme Shefa Warda ◽

Lorree Catherine Berteau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Health Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Population Assessment ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Global Epidemic ◽

Product Use ◽

Hookah Smoking ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

And Gender

Abstract Background Tobacco smoking using a hookah (i.e., waterpipe) is a global epidemic. While evidence suggests that sexual minorities (SM) have higher odds of hookah use compared to heterosexuals, little is known about their hookah use patterns and transitions. We sought to examine transitions between hookah smoking and use of other tobacco and electronic (e-) products among SM adults aged 18 years of age and older versus their heterosexual counterparts. Methods We analyzed nationally representative data of ever and current hookah smokers from Wave 1 (2013–2014; ever use n = 1014 SM and n = 9462 heterosexuals; current use n = 144 SM and n = 910 heterosexuals) and Wave 2 (2014–2015; ever use n = 901 SM and n = 8049 heterosexuals; current use n = 117 SM and n = 602 heterosexuals) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Comparisons between groups and gender subgroups within SM identity groups were determined with Rao-Scott chi-square tests and multivariable survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression models were estimated for transition patterns and initiation of electronic product use in Wave 2. Results Ever and current hookah smoking among SM adults (ever use Wave 1: 29% and Wave 2: 31%; current use Wave 1: 4% and Wave 2: 3%) was higher than heterosexuals (ever use Wave 1: 16% and Wave 2: 16%; current use Wave 1: 1% and Wave 2: 1%; both p < 0.0001). Among SM adults who reported hookah use at Wave 1, 46% quit hookah use at Wave 2; 39% continued hookah use and did not transition to other products while 36% of heterosexual adults quit hookah use at Wave 2 and 36% continued hookah use and did not transition to other products. Compared with heterosexuals, SM adults reported higher use of hookah plus e-products (Wave 2 usage increased by 65 and 83%, respectively). Conclusions Compared to heterosexuals, in addition to higher rates of hookah smoking, higher percentages of SM adults transitioned to hookah plus e-product use between 2013 and 2015. Results have implications for stronger efforts to increase awareness of the harmful effects of hookah as well as vaping, specifically tailored among SM communities.

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International survey for assessing COVID-19’s impact on fear and health: study protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048720 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e048720

Author(s):

Kris Yuet-Wan Lok ◽

Daniel Yee Tak Fong ◽

Janet Y.H. Wong ◽

Mandy Ho ◽

Edmond PH Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

International Study ◽

Ethics Committees ◽

Well Being ◽

International Perspective ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Health Study ◽

The World ◽

Patient Health ◽

Health Related

IntroductionCOVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2, has been one of the most highly contagious and rapidly spreading virus outbreak. The pandemic not only has catastrophic impacts on physical health and economy around the world, but also the psychological well-being of individuals, communities and society. The psychological and social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic internationally have not been well described. There is a lack of international study assessing health-related impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially on the degree to which individuals are fearful of the pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to (1) assess the health-related impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in community-dwelling individuals around the world; (2) determine the extent various communities are fearful of COVID-19 and (3) identify perceived needs of the population to prepare for potential future pandemics.Methods and analysisThis global study involves 30 countries. For each country, we target at least 500 subjects aged 18 years or above. The questionnaires will be available online and in local languages. The questionnaires include assessment of the health impacts of COVID-19, perceived importance of future preparation for the pandemic, fear, lifestyles, sociodemographics, COVID-19-related knowledge, e-health literacy, out-of-control scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe participants’ characteristics, perceptions on the health-related impacts of COVID-19, fear, anxiety and depression, lifestyles, COVID-19 knowledge, e-health literacy and other measures. Univariable and multivariable regression models will be used to assess the associations of covariates on the outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been reviewed and approved by the local ethics committees in participating countries, where local ethics approval is needed. The results will be actively disseminated. This study aims to map an international perspective and comparison for future preparation in a pandemic.

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Acute Pain Management of Chronic Pain Patients in Ambulatory Surgery Centers

Current Pain and Headache Reports ◽

10.1007/s11916-020-00922-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kanishka Rajput ◽

Nalini Vadivelu

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Pain Management ◽

Acute Pain ◽

Ambulatory Surgery ◽

Acute Pain Management ◽

Ambulatory Surgery Centers ◽

Chronic Pain Patients ◽

Pain Patients

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Blood Donation across the Life Course: The Influence of Life Events on Donor Lapse

Journal of Health and Social Behavior ◽

10.1177/0022146519849893 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 257-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tjeerd W. Piersma ◽

René Bekkers ◽

Wim de Kort ◽

Eva-Maria Merz

Keyword(s):

Life Course ◽

Family Member ◽

Life Events ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Longitudinal Survey ◽

Blood Collection ◽

Longitudinal Survey Data ◽

Health Related ◽

Human And Social Capital ◽

The Life Course

This article examines how blood donation loyalty changes across the life course as a result of life events. Previous studies have shown that life events affect involvement in prosocial behavior, possibly as a result of loss of human and social capital. Using registry data from the blood collection agency in the Netherlands, linked to longitudinal survey data from the Donor InSight study (N = 20,560), we examined whether life events are related to blood donor lapse. Childbirth, losing a job, and starting a job increase the likelihood of donor lapse, while health-related events (i.e., blood transfusion in a family member, death of a family member) decrease the likelihood of donor lapse. Moreover, results showed how social and practical concerns explain donors’ decisions to donate blood after the occurrence of life events. We discuss theoretical implications for further studies on prosocial and health-related behavior.

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Early Life Course Pathways of Adult Depression and Chronic Pain

Journal of Health and Social Behavior ◽

10.1177/0022146512475089 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 75-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Bridget J. Goosby

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Life Course ◽

Maternal Depression ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Highly Educated ◽

Adult Depression ◽

Cumulative Inequality

Applying cumulative inequality theory, this study examines the extent to which childhood socioeconomic disadvantage and maternal depression increase the risk of major depression and chronic pain in U.S. working-aged adults. Further, I assess whether low socioeconomic status amplifies the risk of adult depression and/or pain. Using data from the 2003 National Comorbidity Survey Replication ( N=4339), I find that socioeconomic disadvantage and maternal depression during youth increases the risk of adult depression and/or chronic pain. The probability of having chronic pain increases in magnitude over the life course for adults whose parents have lower educational attainment relative to those with more highly educated parents. Childhood socioeconomic circumstances are not completely explained by adulthood socioeconomic status indicators. These findings help illustrate the far-reaching influence of childhood context on adult physical and mental health.

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