A New Warning System for Protected Level Crossings

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 975-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Haga ◽  
Kazuyoshi Watanabe ◽  
Ken Kusukami
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Warning Lights

A level crossing on a Japanese Railways line was improved from the human factors point of view. Improved features of the warning system installed there are outlined and effects of the changes are reported. Various good effects of the renewal were found in visibility of the warning lights, appraisal by road users, and video-recorded crossing behaviour. It was concluded that the renewal was highly successful and we advised the Japanese Railways to improve other level crossings similarly.

Prevention of Accidents at Road-Rail Level Crossings Protected with Automatic Barriers

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (15) ◽  
pp. 933-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Haga
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Driver Education ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
Safety Investment

A recent study on level crossing safety is reported. The study employed three different approaches: a survey of drivers' attitude to the level crossing, quantitative estimation of accident risk from characteristics of level crossings, and improvement of crossing design from the human factors point of view. The results have been utilized by railway companies and police authorities in safety campaigns, driver education, safety investment, and improvement of warning systems for level crossings.

Augmentation of Level Crossing Safety Using Real-Time Video and Numerical Warning System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bih-Yuan Ku
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Alarm Signals ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Reference Design ◽  
Train Drivers ◽  
The Right

Official statistics showed that more than half of level crossing accidents in Taiwan were caused by intrusion of road users violating the right-of-way of the railroad. Thus it is critical that addition measures be developed to prevent or mitigate the seriousness of intrusion incidences even though many warning facilities are already in place. In this paper we propose to use real-time crossing cite image to provide train drivers with more vital information than alarm signals. In addition, we also take advantage of the radio link capacity to display numerical information of train distance on the fly to deter potential intrusion attempts. The result of this project can be used as reference design for the augmentation of level crossing safety of rail systems facing similar intrusion problems.

scholarly journals Automatic Railway Level Crossing System with Embedded Precision Solar Panel using IoT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6211-6216
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
The Public ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Human Interventions

Indian Railways is one of the public transportation modes in the country. It is the largest interconnected rail routes which carry many numbers of people from one end to another end. In this, various level crossings are operated on the rail routes and some of the level crossing gates are operated manually. This process is carried out by getting the information from the previous station once the train left the station. In this process, lots of mishaps are occurring due to human interventions and also there is no safety for road users. This issue can be overcome by making the same process in an automated manner. Hence, in this research work, a new automated level crossing model is proposed using the technology “Internet of Things” (IoT). This model will provide

scholarly journals KAJIAN KEBUTUHAN PERLINTASAN TIDAK SEBIDANG JALUR KERETA API DENGAN JALAN RAYA DI TITIK PERLINTASAN GANEFO KECAMATAN MRANGGEN

Teknika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Bambang Sudarmanto
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Returning To Work ◽  
The Government ◽  
Crossing Point

<em>The crossing railway line with the highway is quite a lot in several places in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java. This is a problem in itself because it considers this crossing to have a negative impact on users of land transportation. Moreover, the government does not yet have a policy relating to planning, regulation, supervision and supervision at a level crossing and is discussed with traffic accidents at the intersection of a basic plot to develop systems and procedures at level crossings.The crossing between the Semarang-Purwodadi highway and the Semarang-Surabaya / Solo railway line across the crossing lane on Ganefo still uses a level crossing. In the end, it caused a quite serious problem, namely severe congestion at the time of leaving and returning to work and even frequent traffic accidents. The existence of level crossings at this point is the focus of research by using proposals issued by the Ministry of Attention regarding railway crossings with highways can be made without a door, or can be in a plot with doors equipped, or can be made a plot, according to the research objectives. this is knowing the type of crossing that is right at the crossing of Ganefo. The results of the calculation of the Daily Average Daily Traffic of the Purwodadi-Semarang Directions traffic on the Ganefo pathway found numbers of 15928.2 pcu with the percentage of motorcycle transportation modes (motor cycle) amounting to 87.47%. Whereas the opposite direction, namely Semarang-Purwodadi, is 12784.8 pcu and the percentage of motorbikes is 78.85% of the total traffic volume. The direct observation of the train journey at the Ganefo crossing point shows the number of train trips that cross the Ganefo as many as 18 trains / day. The average length of the vehicle is at 191,429 meters during peak hours. Charting the criteria for selecting the crossing type of the Ministry of Transportation shows that the crossing point of Ganefo still depends on the position of the point where it is still permitted to use level crossings with safety doors. However, taking into account the increasing number of train trips and considerations of inconvenience and security of road users, this is at risk because depending on the position of the point required the type of crossing is not as large.</em>

Sizing Solar Energy Components for Level-Crossing Facilities

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan de Dios Sanz Bobi ◽  
Pedro Reyes de la Pen˜a ◽  
Jose Carlos Hidalgo Fiestas ◽  
Alberto Garci´a de los A´ngeles ◽  
Roberto Loiero
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
The Impact

Currently, there are a large number of level crossings on railway lines. These signaling facilities are necessary from the point of view of railway lines and also from the traffic of vehicles and people crossing them. This signaling system is built on a number of elements such as acoustic and lighting signals—barriers that prevent cars & pedestrians from accessing rail tracks. These level crossing facilities operate autonomously and they are not part of the security facilities (interlockings) when planning or building stages. Therefore, a major constraint for level crossings is the lack of a feasible electric supply primarily because of the high cost of cable running due to the great difficulty of transporting this energy to some areas. This high cost will make installation unprofitable where there is light traffic in trains and/or pedestrians and vehicles. This paper proposes that a solar photovoltaic supply system would make installation cost efficient instead of cable running. The research shows that the sizing method for this power supply and the measuring tool detailed below ease calculations. This proposed system provides both economical and environmental benefits. These benefits positively impact those areas where traditional cable supply is difficult to provide. In order to size the electrical feeding system for these level crossings facilities two calculations are necessary: 1) the calculation of the daily incident solar irradiation into a horizontal surface and, 2) the location where the facility is going to be set. The calculation of the theoretical energy consumption is determined by the integral of the instantaneous electrical power consumption of the system. Thus, the proposed solution in the paper provides a cost reduction to deploy level crossing facilities crossing existing railway lines. It allows the installation of level crossings with increased security features necessary for the correct signaling from the basic level crossing to configurations such as acoustic and light signals, or even protective barriers. These elements provide more information and safety to cars and pedestrians concerning train crossing, decreasing the risk of accidents. Additionally, this power supply system can be deployed easily and can be adapted to any topology minimizing costs. Furthermore these systems are environmentally friendly as they clear away the impact of the electrical consumption of the facility from the network and do not need cable running in order to transport this energy to the level crossing facility.

scholarly journals LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kobosil ◽  
Jan Novák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
General Public ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Individual Level

This paper describes safety threats at level crossings according to the different type of security equipment. Initially were explored statistical data, which consist of numbers of level crossings classified by crossing type and numbers of traffic accidents on level crossings. Afterwards paper describes specific problems of each individual level crossing type. Specifically their causation and consequences, which are being discussed between professional and general public. In conclusion paper describes possible solutions to these problems leading to reducing risks at level crossings. At first is mentioned the statistics - number of crossing and number of accidents on the crossing. Then paper describes specific problems, which are discussed in professional and general public. They are also solutions of this problems, which brings another point of view and search the actual causes.

Detection of psychotropic substances in the blood by LC/MS/MS

2014 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Mariola Wicka ◽  
◽  
Piotr Chołbiński ◽  
Dorota Kwiatkowska ◽  
Andrzej Pokrywka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Proper Interpretation

Year on year, one can observe an increase in the use of addictive substances. This leads to occurring the problem of addiction as well as the use of psychoactive substances as a serious hazard to road users. The Regulation of the Minister of Health on agents acting similarly to alcohol and the conditions and manner of conducting research on their presence in the human body, requires adequate benchmarks for performing these tests. An importantfactor, from consultative point of view, is the knowledge of the chemical structure of substances belonging to different groups of drugs of abuse, their metabolic transformations that occur in the body as well as their influence on the body. This is to aid in the proper interpretation of the results of the analytical tests.

WIGNER MEASURES AND MOLECULAR PROPAGATION THROUGH GENERIC ENERGY LEVEL CROSSINGS

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1285-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLOTILDE FERMANIAN KAMMERER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Normal Form ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Type B ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
Normal Form Theorem ◽  
Uniformly Bounded

We study the time-dependent Schrödinger equation with matrix-valued potential presenting a generic crossing of type B, I, J or K in Hagedorn's classification. We use two-scale Wigner measures for describing the Landau–Zener energy transfer which occurs at the crossing. In particular, in the case of multiplicity 2 eigenvalues, we calculate precisely the change of polarization at the crossing. Our method provides a unified framework in which codimension 2, 3 or 5 crossings can be discussed. We recover Hagedorn's result for wave packets, from Wigner measure point of view, and extend them to any data uniformly bounded in L2. The proof is based on a normal form theorem which reduces the problem to an operator-valued Landau–Zener formula.

scholarly journals Arduino-Based Railway Arrival Detection And Name Detection Design At A Level Crossing

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Sunaryo Sunaryo ◽  
Wawan Hermanto
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Arrival Direction ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Arduino Microcontroller ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Section Level

Transportation safety must be obeyed by all modes of transportation. The railroad crossing is one point that has the potential for conflict between railroad shares and road users. In accordance with applicable regulations, railroad facilities are prioritized when passing level crossings. In fact, road users often try to break the rules. This research aims to present alternative solutions to improve the safety of road users and railroad lines at cross section level. This research uses a method that begins with a literature study. Next through the design phase, the prototype stage and finally the testing phase. The results of this study are the prototype of the railroad direction detector and the identification of electronic-based railways by using an Arduino Microcontroller. The result shows an LCD board that can provide information to road users for the train's arrival direction and train name. With this information it is expected that road users are more concerned with safety and can be careful when passing a level crossing.

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