Measuring social desirability bias: Do the full and short versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scale matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 155626462110460
Author(s):  
Houng Chien Tan ◽  
Jo Ann Ho ◽  
Risidaxshinni Kumarusamy ◽  
Murali Sambasivan
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Ethics Research ◽  
On Line ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Given the sensitive nature of ethics research, the presence of social desirability bias (SDB) threatens the validity of research findings. As ethics studies often overlook this bias, we aimed to provide evidence that SDB varies across individual and situational factors. We thus investigated the influence of socio-demographic factors and survey modes on SDB. A total of 348 working adults were randomly chosen to participate in either an on-line or off-line survey containing eight versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability (MCSD) scale. The reliabilities for the eight versions ranged from 0.35 to 0.81. Statistical tests revealed that different socio-demographic factors influence different versions of the MCSD scale. The results also showed that using on-line surveys minimizes SDB. This study provides practical implications and suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals I-ACT: Integrated study on effect of Activity on ComplicaTions in pregnancy: study protocol of a multiethnic prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meijin Cai ◽  
Kok Hian Tan ◽  
Seng Bin Ang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

IntroductionPhysical activity (PA) during first 20 weeks of pregnancy may lower risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH), though evidence of association remains inconclusive. Current studies rely heavily on subjective assessment of PA levels. Wearable activity trackers provide a convenient and objective surrogate index for PA validated by evidence-based steps/day categorisation along a physical inactivity/activity continuum. I-ACT primarily aims to examine objectively measured PA levels and patterns in first and second trimesters of pregnancy and the association with GDM and/or GH in Singapore, a multiethnic Asian population. Secondary aims include investigating the bio-socio-demographic factors associated with sedentary behaviour, and association of early pregnancy PA level with maternal weight at 6 weeks postdelivery. Results may facilitate identification of high-risk mothers-to-be and formulation of interventional strategies.Methods and analysisProspective cohort study that will recruit 408 women at first antenatal visit at <12 weeks’ gestation. Baseline bio-socio-demographic factors and PA levels assessed by participant characteristics form and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), respectively. An activity tracker (Fitbit) will be provided to be worn daily from date of recruitment to end of 20 weeks’ gestation. Tracker-recorded data will be synchronised with an application on participant’s smartphone. Compliance will be reinforced with fortnightly reminders. After 20 weeks, a second IPAQ and a feedback form will be administered. GDM screened at 24–28 weeks’ gestation. GH diagnosed after 20-weeks gestation. Maternal weight assessed at 6 weeks postdelivery. Appropriate statistical tests will be used to compare continuous and categorical PA measurements between first and second trimesters. Logistic regression will be used to analyse associations.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval obtained from the Centralised Institutional Review Board of SingHealth (reference 2017/2836). Dissemination of results will be via peer-reviewed research publications both online and in print, conference presentations, posters and medical forums.

SOCIAL DESIRABILITY BIAS IN CROSS‐CULTURAL ETHICS RESEARCH

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M. Randall ◽  
Y. Paul Huo ◽  
Patrice Pawelk
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Ethics Research

scholarly journals The Distributional Survey Experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gilgen
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Natural Manner ◽  
Justice Research ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Trade Offs

What is a just allocation of goods for whom, when and why? Given that the answer to these questions involve need, merit and equality considerations and call for a multidimensional approach that takes individual, contextual and situational factors into account, we are in need of efficient methods designed to help tackle the complexity. The main aim of this contribution is to introduce the distributional survey experiment (DSE), which was developed precisely for that purpose and captures the nature of the problem of distributional justice by accounting for the trade-offs that individuals are forced to make when allocating scarce resources. The DSE is a new survey experiment that measures people’s justice attitudes in as direct and natural manner as possible, while minimising problems of social desirability bias. This paper focuses on showing and comparing three possible methods for analysing the data from the DSE and discussing its potential for distributive justice research.

scholarly journals Kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap layanan sumberdaya Perpustakaan Universitas Sumatera Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Jonner Hasugian
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Electronic Information Resources ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Introduction. Socio-demographic factors, such as gender and age, may affect the use of information resources for library users. These factors are often used as the antecedent variables in examining the use of information resources in the library. The purpose of research was to determine the expected and obtained satisfaction of students using printed and electronic information sources at Universitas Sumatera Utara Library.Data Collection Method. This study used a quantitative approach by using questionnaires. The sample was taken by using Taro Yamane formula. Data Analysis. The data processing used Lisrel version 8.8, Chi-Square statistics, multivariate analysis of variance and path analysis. Results and Discussions. Among male and female students, there was  no significant difference in using of information resources and no significant discrepancy between expected and obtained satisfactions. The printed and electronic information resources were available at USU Library to satisfy both gender.Conclusions. Socio-demographic factors of gender has no significant effect in using printed and electronic information resources at USU Library. Future research should discuss other antecedent variables such as ethnicity.

scholarly journals A study of prevalence of hypertension and socio-demographic factors in urban slum, Maharashtra

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam B. Sawase ◽  
Sunayana G. Kumthekar ◽  
Shweta N. Salphale ◽  
Mohan K. Doibale
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular disorder, posting a major public health problem of the world and especially to population in socio-economic and epidemiological transition. Around 7.5 million deaths or 12.8% of the total of all annual deaths worldwide occur due to high blood pressure. It is predicted to be increased to 1.56 billion adults with hypertension in 2025. In India there is 24-30% of prevalence of hypertension in urban areas and 12-14% in rural areas. The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of hypertension in study population of 18 years and above and to study some socio-demographic factors affecting hypertension.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in urban slum area, under urban field practice area of a Govt. Medical College & hospital. Sample size of 360 participants of age more than 18 yrs residing in study area taken. Data collected by using systematic random sampling by house to house visit. A semi-structured & pretested questionnaire used to interview the patients after obtaining their consent. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Appropriate statistical tests were applied.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 30.5%. Out of 360 subjects, 47 (13%) found elevated hypertensive. Out of 110 hypertensive population nearly 53 (48%) were in older age group, nearly 60 (55%) were illiterate and 53 (48%) were unskilled workers out of 110 was found statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension found to be 30.5%. Some socio-demographic factors like age, sex, education, occupation were statistically significant (p<0.05).

Participation in Continuing Education Programs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Feldman ◽  
Thomas W. H. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Transfer Of Learning ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
The Third

This chapter focuses on continuing education opportunities offered to working adults. In the first section, the authors examine the antecedents to participation in continuing education programs; they consider both individual differences and situational factors. In the second section, the authors examine the outcomes of continuing education, including changes in employees’ attitudes, knowledge, skills, and behaviors on the job. In the third section, the authors explore the roles that organizations play in encouraging employee participation in continuing education and in facilitating the transfer of learning. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of directions for future research on continuing education and implications for management practice.

Participation in Continuing Education Programs: Antecedents, Consequences, and Implications

2011 ◽  
pp. 179-194
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Feldman ◽  
Thomas W. H. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Transfer Of Learning ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
The Third ◽  
Job Behaviors

This chapter focuses on continuing education (CE) opportunities offered to working adults. First, we examine the antecedents to participation in CE programs, considering both individual differences and situational factors. Second, we examine the outcomes of continuing education, including changes in employees’ attitudes, knowledge, skills, and job behaviors. In the third section, we explore the roles that organizations play in encouraging employee participation in CE and in facilitating transfer of learning. Finally, the chapter concludes with directions for future research on continuing education and implications for management practice.

ASSOCIATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITH DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN LESS THAN FIVE YEARS: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE INDICATOR CLUSTER SURVEY SINDH 2014

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Syed Mustansir Hussain Zaidi ◽  
Hira Fatima Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Mother Education ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Diarrhea founds to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children less than five years. Various factors are associated with diarrhea but socio-demographic factors are the main key elements, which associated with diarrhea. Methods: This study was examined association of socio-demographic factors with diarrhea in children less than five years of age of Sindh, Pakistan, using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted from January 2014 to August 2014. Data were collected for 18,108 children in whom 16,449 children had complete data of demographic variables being included in the analysis. Bivariate analysis was done using Pearson's Chi square test and multivariate analysis being done using binary logistic regression. Results: We found increased risk of diarrhea among children lives in rural areas while household wealth index quintile was also associated with diarrhea. Children in the poor, middle and fourth wealth index quintiles being at increased risk of diarrhea compared to children in the richest wealth index quintile. The highest risk of diarrhea was found for the child having mother with no education as well as children aged 12-23 months. Conclusion: Age of child, mother education and wealth index found significant with diarrhea while Male children, child aged 12-23 months, child with no mother education, child from rural areas and child from poor households found with high risk of diarrhea.

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