Sorting the File Drawer: A Typology for Describing Unpublished Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 174569162097983
Author(s):  
David A. Lishner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Research Dissemination ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Publication Decision ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
File Drawer ◽  
Insight Into

A typology of unpublished studies is presented to describe various types of unpublished studies and the reasons for their nonpublication. Reasons for nonpublication are classified by whether they stem from an awareness of the study results (result-dependent reasons) or not (result-independent reasons) and whether the reasons affect the publication decisions of individual researchers or reviewers/editors. I argue that result-independent reasons for nonpublication are less likely to introduce motivated reasoning into the publication decision process than are result-dependent reasons. I also argue that some reasons for nonpublication would produce beneficial as opposed to problematic publication bias. The typology of unpublished studies provides a descriptive scheme that can facilitate understanding of the population of study results across the field of psychology, within subdisciplines of psychology, or within specific psychology research domains. The typology also offers insight into different publication biases and research-dissemination practices and can guide individual researchers in organizing their own file drawers of unpublished studies.

Tourism, environment and hotel management: an innovative perspective to address modern trends in contemporary tourism management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Huo ◽  
Javaria Hameed ◽  
Muhammad Waqas Sadiq ◽  
Gadah Albasher ◽  
Wedad Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Brand Image ◽  
Interactional Justice ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Customer's Loyalty ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a valid insight into consumers' minds while considering word of mouth (WOM), brand image and uniqueness as independent variables while considering the tourism industry as the primary stakeholder.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts qualitative research methods and data collected from 1,033 respondents using convenience sampling methodology. The data are collected from different tourists spots in China and Pakistan. The PROCESS macro was utilized in this study using SPSS version 25.0 to inspect the impacts by using Model 4 and the conditional effects indirectly by utilizing Model 14.FindingsCustomer's intimacy, search for novel and unexplored destinations highlight WOM interactions and perceived service value. Service value, interactional justice and professional attitude of hotel management mediated all the given relationships significantly. The brand image does not mediate any significant associations. Perceived service value and brand image predict customer's loyalty, and WOM is the direct measure of their intentions, and these variables are market trend indicators. A tourist's response toward different destinations is described in this study with comparative analysis of Chinese and Pakistani tourists. The study results showed a significantly positive relationship between hotel management professional behavior, customer's loyalty, customer's intimacy and WOM.Research limitations/implicationsThe recruited population might not be represented as the broader and larger visitor population, resulting in restricting establishing tactics. Moreover, this study's results provide significant insight into a tourism industry, hence providing a chance to manage customer loyalty better.Social, managerial and theoretical implicationsThis study contributes significantly to the body of knowledge and provides remarkable insight from the managerial perspective. Interactional justice results in significant value for hotel management directors and top management, front desk staff and operatives and front level employees and managers. Consumer sensitivity of fairness in interpersonal dealings calls for behavioral changes in frontline employees, especially those directly dealing with hotel visitors. Hotel staff and management should formulate a system to deal with the demands and needs of visitors. It should describe the rights and obligations of visitors and ensure that each customer is treated equally and with respect. Customers should be motivated to read the survey questionnaires kept in their rooms and offer their views on the services provided. This strategy might increase the customers' sense of empowerment and leading to notions of fairness in individual encounters.Originality/valueThis study provides an insight into the customer's minds while considering essential variables that include WOM, brand image, perceived service value and uniqueness.

Perbandingan Interpretasi Analisis Data Page View dan Click Related Post Pada Website Edukasi Sebagai Implisit Feedback Dengan Hasil Interpretasi Penggunaan Teknologi EyeTracking

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Riad Taufik Lazwardi ◽  
Khoirul Umam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Implicit Feedback ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Relative Preferences ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Explicit Feedback ◽  
Data Page

The analysis used in this study uses the help of Google Analytics to understand how the user's behavior on the Calculus learning material educational website page. Are users interested in recommendation articles? The answer to this question provides insight into the user's decision process and suggests how far a click is the result of an informed decision. Based on these results, it is hoped that a strategy to generate feedback from clicks should emerge. To evaluate the extent to which feedback shows relevance, versus implicit feedback to explicit feedback collected manually. The study presented in this study differs in at least two ways from previous work assessing the reliability of implicit feedback. First, this study aims to provide detailed insight into the user decision-making process through the use of a recommendation system with an implicit feedback feature. Second, evaluate the relative preferences that come from user behavior (user behavior). This differs from previous studies which primarily assessed absolute feedback. 

Engaging Teacher Candidates

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chesla Ann Lenkaitis ◽  
Shannon M. Hilliker
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Insight Into

Situated cognition is a theory where engagement in a social activity is essential to learning. Applied to teacher education, this theory is important as teacher candidates need clinical experiences throughout their curriculum. This chapter uses games as a context for teacher candidates to develop a vocabulary curriculum to support native and foreign language learning. Twenty-nine teacher candidates participated in the study. Pre- and post-surveys with both Likert-scale and open-ended questions comprise the data set for the study. Results show that groups created vocabulary lists with different amounts of words for games played during each session. Quantitative results reveal how helpful teacher candidates rated the game for language teaching while from qualitative data, three themes emerged: 1) vocabulary needed, 2) communicative aspect of the game, and 3) unsure of helpfulness. This study provides insight into the ways games can provide teacher candidates a way to explore ideas about using them for vocabulary in language teaching.

Welche Ansprüche haben Arbeitnehmer an ihre Büroumgebung und welche Werte stecken dahinter?

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Rödiger Voss
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Personal Interests ◽  
Insight Into

Diese Studie beschäftigt sich mit einer Analyse der mentalen Strukturen von Mitarbeitenden in Bezug auf die gewünschten Ansprüche an die Ausstattung und Einrichtung der Büroumgebung und deren zugrunde liegenden Werte. Um ein tiefer gehendes, grundlegendes Verständnis der Zusammenhänge zu gewinnen, wird auf die Laddering-Technik zurückgegriffen. Als Studienergebnis ist festzuhalten, dass sich Angestellte ein ergonomisches Arbeitsumfeld, gute Licht- und Luftverhältnisse, genügend Platz sowie eine moderne Hardware wünschen. Das Wertkonstrukt der Mitarbeitenden ist eher an den eigenen Interessen orientiert als an denen des Unternehmens. Abschliessend werden Empfehlungen für das Management zur Optimierung des Büroumfeldes und Limitationen des Forschungsansatzes aufgezeigt. This study aims to develop a deeper understanding of the expectations regarding workplace conditions that employees desire and to uncover the constructs that underlie these prospects in order to reveal the primary benefits that members of staffseek. An empirical study using the laddering techniquegives a valuable first insight into the desired expectations. The study results indicate that employees want an ergonomic workplace, good indoor air quality and lighting, enough space and modern hardware. Underlying employee’s values are oriented less towards the interests of the enterprise than towards the personal interests of the employees. The paper concludes with suggestions to managers to introduce and improve the environmental performance and reviews the limitations of the research. Keywords: ansprüche arbeitnehmer büro

scholarly journals Consumer Needs for Hand-Touch Product Designs Based on the Experience Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Che Tu ◽  
Cheng-Hsueh Yang
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Experience Economy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Tactile Sensations ◽  
Insight Into

Hand-touch products are products that emphasize tactile sensations. These products can generate sensory stimulation and create memorable experiences for consumers, thereby driving purchase decisions. The economic value of hand-touch products is undoubtedly associated with the experience economy. Consumers generally focus on how much experience value is created by the hand-touch product itself. This study adopted the experience economy perspective to investigate the development of hand-touch products. To gain further insight into consumers’ product needs and place the focus of product development on the most important aspects, this study primarily adopted a questionnaire survey and Kano’s two-dimensional model to classify quality factors. In addition, the relative majority method was used to classify quality factors into five major categories: Attractive quality, One-dimensional quality, Must-be quality, Indifferent quality, Reverse quality. The study results showed that: (1) Consumers valued the sense marketing of hand-touch products. (2) Timely use of other marketing approaches enables a product to effectively meet customers’ needs. (3) Use of Cross Analysis to Identify Top-Priority Factors. This study’s findings on the true needs of consumers for hand-touch products can enhance and improve product life cycle, thereby achieving the sustainable development of products.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON THE COMPLEX RELATION BETWEEN RETIREMENT AND COGNITION: UNRAVELING THE MIXED EVIDENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S25-S25
Author(s):  
Linn Elena Zulka ◽  
Isabelle Hansson ◽  
Linda B Hassing
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Outcomes Study ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract A systematic review from 2017 revealed a great research gap concerning the question if retirement affects cognitive function. Since then, several longitudinal studies have been published, calling for an updated review. The aim of this review is to provide an update with a focus on different retirement operationalization, different cognitive outcomes, and potential mediators like occupational experiences. Twenty peer-reviewed studies with longitudinal designs were included. The results revealed no clear pattern regarding the association between retirement and the cognitive outcomes. Study results varied in relation to factors like occupational experiences, differences in study quality, and cognitive domains. To get an insight into mechanisms behind the relation between retirement and cognitive functioning, more complex study designs are needed that take into account the impact of pre-retirement factors, different retirement related aspects, and the varying effects depending on cognitive domain.

The perceived role of null results in school psychology research and publication

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica S. Iwachiw ◽  
Amy Lynn Button ◽  
Jana Atlas
Keyword(s):  
School Psychology ◽  
School Psychologists ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Null Results ◽  
Actual Publication ◽  
File Drawer ◽  
File Drawer Problem

Researchers appear to assume that published research is limited to significant findings. If that is the case, it may be related to perceived or actual publication bias (i.e., journals publishing only significant findings) and/or the file-drawer problem (i.e., researchers not pursuing publication of null results). The lack of published null results can result in faulty decision-making based upon incomplete evidence. Thus, it is important to know the prevalence of, and the contributing factors to, researchers' failure to submit null results. Few studies have addressed this issue in psychology and none have targeted school psychology. Consequently, this study examined the file drawer problem and perception of publication bias among school psychologists. Survey data from 95 school psychology faculty indicated that participants published about half of the studies that they had conducted, suggesting that the file drawer problem is experienced by this population. While lack of time appeared to impact publication pursuit, participants' responses also suggested they believed in publication bias. Obtaining null results substantially impacted the decision to write up studies in pursuit of publication. Therefore, it seems that a sizeable percentage of school psychology research is not available for review by researchers or practitioners.

scholarly journals Assessing Aspects of Acculturation in a Muslim American Sample: Development and Testing of the Acculturation Scale for Muslim Americans

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisah Bagasra ◽  
Mitchell Mackinem
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Muslim Americans ◽  
Muslim American ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Islamic Identity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Insight Into

Acculturation of Muslims into the American culture continues to be a topic of deep interest. The purpose of this study was to examine acculturation in a sample of both American-born and Immigrant Muslim Americans. Two hundred and fifty five Muslim Americans completed a scale designed to assess two aspects of acculturation within the population: adherence to Islamic identity and conformity to American social norms. The survey was distributed in both a paper-based and online anonymous format consisting of demographic questions and the acculturation scale designed for this study. Results revealed that both immigrants and U.S. born Muslim Americans demonstrate a strong adherence to their Islamic identity and low levels of conformity to American social norms. American-born Muslims scored significantly lower on conformity to American social norms than immigrant Muslims. Study findings are consistent with previous research suggesting that Muslim Americans are less likely to sacrifice religious values to assimilate. Specific item results provide insight into what aspects of American culture Muslims are more willing to adopt, and which they are likely to shun. These findings demonstrate the challenges Muslim Americans face integrating in an increasingly hostile host culture.

Consideration: Review of Research and Prospects for Future Insights

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Roberts ◽  
James M. Lattin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Consideration Set ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Consumer Decision Process ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Consideration Set Formation ◽  
Insight Into

The authors review the behavioral underpinnings of consideration set formation and revisit the theoretical and empirical evidence that led them to develop an individual level model of consideration. They synthesize the research that has appeared since their 1991 article in the Journal of Marketing Research, examining new ideas, reviewing evolving measurement methodologies, and suggesting several areas for further research that they believe will provide additional insight into the consideration phase of the consumer decision process.

scholarly journals COVID-19 & Anti-Mask Movement: How Jingoism is Bringing the United States Down

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Kim ◽  
Brian Oh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
The Government ◽  
Insight Into

The objective of this study was to provide insight into the anti-mask phenomenon that has been occurring throughout the world. Widely broadcasted through different forms of media, these anti-mask movements are a growing concern to the scientific community, as such exposure will only deter the progress towards ending the pandemic. In order to understand the psychological motivations behind the anti-mask sentiment, the present studies 29 videos, over 120 minutes of content covering anti-mask protests in Canada, Europe, and the United States. I also used East Asia as a control variable, as I reviewed 5 videos, around 35 minutes of footage to understand the psychology that makes East Asia more receptive towards mask use. By implementing a qualitative research design, I looked for key language themes (interviews, chants, signs) in order to apply thematic analysis to connect their negative sentiments that are associated with confirmation bias and motivated reasoning. Findings regarding confirmation bias and motivated reasoning have been linked to concerns regarding personal rights and distrust with the government, media, and science communities. In particular, the United States has an issue regarding national pride in connection to individuals’ personal rights. The goal is to give insight into ways the United States can improve mask adherence for future potential pandemics.

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