scholarly journals Biologicals and bone loss

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte L.M. Krieckaert ◽  
Willem F. Lems
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Active Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Fracture Rate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Joint Diseases ◽  
Nonvertebral Fractures ◽  
Increased Risk

Inflammatory joint diseases are associated with extra-articular side effects including bone involvement.There is an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. The pathogeneses of local and generalized bone loss share a common pathway. Early and active rheumatoid arthritis is associated with longitudinal observed bone loss and fracture rate is of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures is doubled compared with matched healthy controls. Lowering disease activity with TNF inhibitors or is associated with stabilisation of bone mineral density by counteracting elevated bone resorption.

scholarly journals Major depressive disorder is a risk factor for low bone mass, central obesity, and other medical conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Increased Risk

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric illnesses in the adult population. It is often associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Osteoporosis is also a major public health threat. Multiple studies have reported an association between depression and low bone mineral density, but a causal link between these two conditions is disputed. Here the most important findings of the POWER (Premenopausal, Osteoporosis Women, Alendronate, Depression) Study, a large prospective study of bone turnover in premenopausal women with major depression, are summarized. The endocrine and immune alterations secondary to depression that might affect bone mass, and the possible role of poor lifestyle in the etiology of osteoporosis in subjects with depression, are also reviewed, as is the potential effect of antidepressants on bone loss. It is proposed that depression induces bone loss and osteoporotic fractures, primarily via specific immune and endocrine mechanisms, with poor lifestyle habits as potential contributory factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients from South China: modeled by three methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran Hu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Lin ◽  
Changlin Zhao ◽  
Shuiming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
South China ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Serum Vitamin D

Abstract Background To explore the prevalence of bone loss among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls (HC) and further explored the risk factors for osteopenia and osteoporosis of RA patients. Methods A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in four hospitals in different districts in South China to reveal the prevalence of bone loss in patients. Case records, laboratory tests, and bone mineral density (BMD) results of patients were collected. Traditional multivariable logistic regression analysis and two machine learning methods, including least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF) were for exploring the risk factors for osteopenia or osteoporosis in RA patients. Results Four hundred five patients with RA and 198 HC were included. RA patients had lower BMD in almost BMD measurement sites than healthy controls; the decline of lumbar spine BMD was earlier than HC. RA patients were more likely to comorbid with osteopenia and osteoporosis (p for trend < 0.001) in the lumbar spine than HC. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level and using tumor necrosis factor inhibitor in the last year were protective factors; aging, lower body mass index, and increased serum uric acid might be risk factors for bone loss. Conclusions RA patients were more prone and earlier to have bone loss than HC. More attention should be paid to measuring BMD in RA patients aging with lower BMI or hyperuricemia. Besides, serum vitamin D and all three measurement sites are recommended to check routinely. TNFi usage in the last year might benefit bone mass.

scholarly journals The Ability of Exercise to Mitigate Caloric Restriction-Induced Bone Loss in Older Adults: A Structured Review of RCTs and Narrative Review of Exercise-Induced Changes in Bone Biomarkers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Wherry ◽  
Ryan M. Miller ◽  
Sarah H. Jeong ◽  
Kristen M. Beavers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Biomarkers ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Despite the adverse metabolic and functional consequences of obesity, caloric restriction- (CR) induced weight loss is often contra-indicated in older adults with obesity due to the accompanying loss of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and subsequent increased risk of fracture. Several studies show a positive effect of exercise on aBMD among weight-stable older adults; however, data on the ability of exercise to mitigate bone loss secondary to CR are surprisingly equivocal. The purpose of this review is to provide a focused update of the randomized controlled trial literature assessing the efficacy of exercise as a countermeasure to CR-induced bone loss among older adults. Secondarily, we present data demonstrating the occurrence of exercise-induced changes in bone biomarkers, offering insight into why exercise is not more effective than observed in mitigating CR-induced bone loss.

scholarly journals Importance of calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K for osteoporosis prevention and treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Lanham-New
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Menopause ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
The Uk

Throughout the life cycle the skeleton requires optimum development and maintenance of its integrity to prevent fracture. Bones break because the loads placed on them exceed the ability of the bone to absorb the energy involved. It is now estimated that one in three women and one in twelve men aged >55 years will suffer from osteoporosis in their lifetime and at a cost in the UK of >£1·7×109 per year. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is multifactorial. Both the development of peak bone mass and the rate of bone loss are determined by key endogenous and exogenous factors. Ca supplements appear to be effective in reducing bone loss in women late post menopause (>5 years post menopause), particularly in those with low habitual Ca intake (<400 mg/d). In women early post menopause (<5 years post menopause) who are not vitamin D deficient, Ca supplementation has little effect on bone mineral density. However, supplementation with vitamin D and Ca has been shown to reduce fracture rates in the institutionalised elderly, but there remains controversy as to whether supplementation is effective in reducing fracture in free-living populations. Re-defining vitamin D requirements in the UK is needed since there is evidence of extensive hypovitaminosis D in the UK. Low vitamin D status is associated with an increased risk of falling and a variety of other health outcomes and is an area that requires urgent attention. The role of other micronutrients on bone remains to be fully defined, although there are promising data in the literature for a clear link between vitamin K nutrition and skeletal integrity, including fracture reduction.

scholarly journals OsteoporosAtlas: a human osteoporosis-related gene database

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Wang ◽  
Lihong Diao ◽  
Dezhi Sun ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Jiarun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Common Complex Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Pathway Analyses

Background Osteoporosis is a common, complex disease of bone with a strong heritable component, characterized by low bone mineral density, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue and an increased risk of fracture. Due to limited drug selection for osteoporosis and increasing morbidity, mortality of osteoporotic fractures, osteoporosis has become a major health burden in aging societies. Current researches for identifying specific loci or genes involved in osteoporosis contribute to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the development of better diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies. However, little is known about how most causal genes work and interact to influence osteoporosis. Therefore, it is greatly significant to collect and analyze the studies involved in osteoporosis-related genes. Unfortunately, the information about all these osteoporosis-related genes is scattered in a large amount of extensive literature. Currently, there is no specialized database for easily accessing relevant information about osteoporosis-related genes and miRNAs. Methods We extracted data from literature abstracts in PubMed by text-mining and manual curation. Moreover, a local MySQL database containing all the data was developed with PHP on a Windows server. Results OsteoporosAtlas (http://biokb.ncpsb.org/osteoporosis/), the first specialized database for easily accessing relevant information such as osteoporosis-related genes and miRNAs, was constructed and served for researchers. OsteoporosAtlas enables users to retrieve, browse and download osteoporosis-related genes and miRNAs. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were integrated into OsteoporosAtlas. It currently includes 617 human encoding genes, 131 human non-coding miRNAs, and 128 functional roles. We think that OsteoporosAtlas will be an important bioinformatics resource to facilitate a better understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and developing better diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Influence of Hyponatremia on Spinal Bone Quality and Fractures Due to Low-Energy Trauma

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1224
Author(s):  
Katharina Jäckle ◽  
Friederike Klockner ◽  
Daniel Bernd Hoffmann ◽  
Paul Jonathan Roch ◽  
Maximilian Reinhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Fracture Rate ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Body Fracture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronic Hyponatremia ◽  
Trauma Group

Background and Objectives: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in elderly and associated with increased risk of falls. Clinical studies as well as small animal experiments suggested an association between chronic hyponatremia and osteoporosis. Furthermore, it has been assumed that subtle hyponatremia may be an independent fracture risk in the elderly. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the possible influence of chronic hyponatremia on osteoporosis and low-energy fractures of the spine. Materials and Methods: 144 patients with a vertebral body fracture (mean age: 69.15 ± 16.08; 73 females and 71 males) due to low-energy trauma were treated in a level one trauma center within one year and were included in the study. Chronic hyponatremia was defined as serum sodium < 135 mmol/L at admission. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine was measured using quantitative computed tomography in each patient. Results: Overall, 19.44% (n = 28) of patients in the low-energy trauma group had hyponatremia. In the group with fractures caused by low-energy trauma, the proportion of hyponatremia of patients older than 65 years was significantly increased as compared to younger patients (p** = 0.0016). Furthermore, there was no significant gender difference in the hyponatremia group. Of 28 patients with chronic hyponatremia, all patients had decreased bone quality. Four patients showed osteopenia and the other 24 patients even showed osteoporosis. In the low-energy trauma group, the BMD correlated significantly with serum sodium (r = 0.396; p*** < 0.001). Conclusions: The results suggest that chronic hyponatremia affects bone quality. Patients with chronic hyponatremia have an increased prevalence of fractures after low-energy trauma due to a decreased bone quality. Therefore, physicians from different specialties should focus on the treatment of chronic hyponatremia to reduce the fracture rate after low-energy trauma, particularly with elderly patients.

scholarly journals Association Between moleculars and Osteoporotic Fracture Risk:A systematical review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie-Yu Liu ◽  
Jia-Xiang Wang ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Shu-Feng Lei ◽  
Fei-Yan Deng
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractOsteoporosis is a systemic chronic skeletal disease, which is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk to osteoporotic fractures (OFs). OFs are associated with high mortality and morbidity, and seriously affect the life quality of patients. Osteoporosis is prevalent in the middle-aged and elderly population, especially the postmenopausal women. With population aging, osteoporosis becomes a world-wide serious public health problem. Early recognition of the high-risk population followed by timely and efficient intervention and/or treatment is important for preventing OFs. In light of the high heritability and complex pathogenesis of OP, comprehensive consideration of significant biological/biochemical factors is necessary for accurate risk evaluation. For this purpose, we reviewed recent research progress on moleculars which are diagnostic and/or predictive of OFs risk. Future integrative analyses and systematic evaluation of these moleculars may facilitate developing novel methodologies and/or test strategies, i.e., biochips, for early recognition of osteoporosis, hence to contribute to preventing OFs in the world.Graphical AbstractOsteoporosis, which is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk to osteoporotic fractures (OFs), is prevalent in the middle-aged and elderly population, especially in the postmenopausal women. We focused on several types of important molecules, including proteins/peptides, RNAs, lipids, to gain comprehensive understanding and to generate novel perspectives in predicting and diagnosing OFs.

scholarly journals Effect of Antidiabetic Treatment on Bone

2019 ◽  
pp. S107-S120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. JACKULIAK ◽  
M. KUŽMA ◽  
J. PAYER
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Antidiabetic Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at an increased risk of bone fractures. Several groups of effective antidiabetic drugs are available, which are very often given in combination. The effects of these medications on bone metabolism and fracture risk must not be neglected. Commonly used antidiabetic drugs might have a positive, neutral or negative impact on skeletal health. Increased risk of fracture has been identified with use of thiazolidinediones, most definitively in women. Also treatment with sulfonylureas can have adverse effects on bone. One consequence of these findings has been greater attention to fracture outcomes in trails of new diabetes medication (incretins and SGLT-2 inhibitors). The effect of insulin on bone is discussed and the risk of fractures in patients using insulin seems to be unrelated to insulin as itself. The aim of the review is to summarize effects of antidiabetic treatment on bone – bone mineral density, fractures and bone turnover markers. The authors also try to recommend a strategy how to treat patients with diabetes mellitus regarding the risk of osteoporotic fractures. In this review the problem of how to treat osteoporosis in patient with diabetes is also discussed.

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