scholarly journals Infrared Thermography and Vascular Disorders in Diabetic Feet

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjaleena Ilo ◽  
Pekka Romsi ◽  
Jussi Mäkelä
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Noninvasive Measurements ◽  
Foot Complications ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
N 93

Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and related foot complications constitute a growing healthcare burden. Diabetes mellitus is associated with lower-limb amputation, but diabetic foot assessment is challenging. Here, we evaluated a novel noninvasive diagnostic method—infrared thermography (IRT) —assessing its diagnostic potential compared to conventional noninvasive measurements. Methods: This study included patients with DM ( n = 118) and healthy controls ( n = 93). All participants underwent ankle brachial index and toe pressure (TP) measurements, and IRT using a standardized protocol with temperature measurement at five foot areas. Results: Compared to controls, patients with DM generally had warmer feet and exhibited a significantly greater temperature difference between feet ( P < .001). Mean temperatures were highest in patients with DM with neuroischemia, followed by neuropathy. Patients with DM with angiopathy showed the lowest mean temperature—similar to controls and noncomplicated diabetics. Mean temperatures at all measurement sites were significantly higher with abnormal TP (<50 mmHg) than normal TP (≥50 mmHg) ( P < .001). Infrared thermography revealed differences between angiosome areas, subclinical infections, and plantar high-pressure areas. Conclusion: Infrared thermography revealed local temperature differences in high-risk diabetic feet. Normal skin surface temperature varies between individuals, but in combination with other tools, IRT might be useful in clinical screening. ClinicalTrials ID: 14212016

PENGARUH BUERGER ALLEN EXERCISE TERHADAP NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Pratiwi Christa Simarmata ◽  
Sari Desi Esta Ulina Sitepu ◽  
Abdi Lestari Sitepu ◽  
Ruttama Hutauruk ◽  
Rita Ayu Butar-butar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of the endocrine system characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of Buerger's Allen exercise on the value of the ankle brachial index (ABI) in patients with diabetes mellitus. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest without a control. The study was conducted from March to May 2021 at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital with 48 respondents, with consecutive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The Buergers Allen exercise intervention was performed twice a day, for three weeks. The procedure is performed by lifting the lower extremities up at an angle of 45-90 degrees for 2-3 minutes, then the patient sits at the bedside with the legs hanging down, accompanied by flexion, extension, pronation and supination movements for 5-10 minutes, and the patient lies down. with both feet resting for 10 minutes. There was a significant effect between the mean ABI value before intervention 0.83 and after intervention 0.95, p=0.00. The difference in mean ABI p=0.000, p<0.05. The results of the study concluded that there was an effect of buerger allen exercise on the ABI value before and after the intervention where the ABI value was getting better. It is recommended for nurses to make Buergers Allen exercise one of the independent nursing interventions in providing nursing care to patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals FAKE (FOOT AND ANKLE EXERCISES) UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KOMPLIKASI PADA KAKI PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI SURABAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ika Nur Pratiwi ◽  
Lailatun Ni'mah ◽  
Ika Yuni Widyawati ◽  
Lingga Curnia Dwi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Pendahuluan: Salah satu komplikasi penyakit diabetes melitus (DM) yang sering dijumpai adalah kaki diabetik (diabetic foot), yang dapat ber- manifestasikan sebagai ulkus, infeksi dan gangren dan artropati Charcot. Ada dua tindakan dalam prinsip dasar pengelolaan diabetic foot yaitu tindakan pencegahan dan tindakan rehabilitasi. Tindakan pencegahan meliputi edukasi perawatan kaki, sepatu diabetes dan senam kaki (Yudhi, 2009). Fake (Foot and Ankle Exercises) atau dikenal juga dengan senam kaki merupakan latihan yang dilakukan bagi penderita DM atau bukan penderita untuk mencegah terjadinya luka dan membantu melancarkan peredaran darah bagian kaki (Soebagio, 2011). Melakukan perawatan kaki secara teratur dapat mengurangi penyakit kaki diabetik sebesar 50-60%. Untuk meningkatkan vaskularisasi perawatan kaki dapat juga dilakukan dengan gerakan-gerakan kaki yang dikenal sebagai senam kaki diabetes (Black & Hawks, 2009; Smeltzer et al., 2010; Lewis et al., 2011). Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem memiliki jumlah kunjungan pasien dengan diabetes mellitus yang cukup tinggi di Surabaya. Berdasarakan data dari Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem dalam kurun waktu Januari-September 2017 jumlah kunjungan pasien dengan DM mencapai 2219 kasus.Metode: Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas yang akan menjadi tempat pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan senam kaki “Fake” (Foot and Ankle Exercises) sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap komplikasi pada kaki penderita Diabetes Mellitus Di Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem Surabaya sebanyak 30 orang pasien dengan DM. Peserta pengmas akan dilakukan kegiatan pre-test dan post-test dengan mengisi kuesioner pengetahuan dan kemampuan perawatan kaki pada penderita diabetes serta dilakukan pengukuran sirkulasi darah sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan menggunakan tensimeter di lengan dan kaki hingga diperoleh tekanan sistolik lengan dan kaki untuk pemeriksaan ankle brachial index (ABI).Hasil: Evaluasi Akhir Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat diperoleh bahwa pengetahuan penderita DM terhadap perawatan kaki yang menunjukkan peningkatan nilai rerata post test menjadi 70 dari nilai rerata pada pre test 49 terhadap 30 peserta DM. Sementara itu, didapatkan 18 orang memiliki skor ABI dengan interpretasi borderline perfusion (0,6-0,8) dan sisanya berada dalam rentang normal. Sedangkan setelah dilakukan latihan jasmani berupa senam kaki didapatkan 6 orang masih memiliki skor ABI rentang 0,6-0,8 dengan interpretasi borderline perfusion dan 24 orang berada dalam rentang normal dengan skor ABI 0,9-1,3. Kesimpulan: Diharapkan informasi yang telah disampaikan dalam modul dapat dijadikan panduan dalam memantau penatalaksanaan perawatan kaki pada diabetes mellitus serta Kegiatan senam kaki ini dapat dilakukan secara teratur dirumah dan gerakannya disesuaikan dengan kemampuan tubuh.

Udder skin surface temperature variation pre- and post- milking in dairy cows as determined by infrared thermography

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhe Yang ◽  
Gan Li ◽  
Xiaojun Zhang ◽  
Xianhong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Significant Difference

The objectives of the research reported in this Research Communication were to compare the variation of hind quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking in dairy cows and to determine the optimal time to capture images by infrared thermography for improving the sensitivity and specificity of mastitis detection in dairy cows. Hind quarter infrared images of 102 Holstein dairy cows were captured from the caudal view by an infrared camera pre-milking and post-milking. The udder skin surface temperature was measured with the help of the image processing software. No significant difference was found between the left and right quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking. The hind quarter skin surface temperature pre-milking was not significantly influenced by milk yield, but exhibited a rising trend along with the increase of milk yield. The hind quarter skin surface temperature post-milking was significantly influenced by milk yield. This leads us to conclude that the sensitivity and specificity of IRT in mastitis detection may be influenced by milk yield and it may be better to capture the infrared images of cow udders pre-milking.

Decreased Ankle Brachial Index Score against Distance Covered During Six Minute Walk Test in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Ni Made Elva Mayasari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Minute Walk

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with characteristics of hyperglycemia due to abnormalities of insulin secretion, insulin action or both. DM is a risk factor for Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). PAD is a progressive narrowing process of peripheral arteries, especially in the inferior limb arteries. As a result, there is a reduction in blood flow to the affected limb. Most patients do not show symptoms, but many also experience intermittent claudication. PAD can be diagnosed and its severity assessed using the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Score. PAD can cause disturbances in muscle mass and strength so that it can cause limitations in walking ability including gait, walking speed, and balance which ultimately impair Six Minute Walk Test (SMWT). The purpose of this study was to see whether there is an effect of decreasing ABI Score on distance covered during SMWT in diabetic patients. This study was analytic observational with a cross sectional study design using primary data and secondary data from DM patients who have never been diagnosed with PAD in Polyclinic of Muhammadiyah Hospital in Palembang. The sample size in this study was 40 patients with type 2 DM who were selected using nonprobability sampling with consecutive sampling method. The subject have their ABI and SMWT measured. The collected data was analyzed by chi-square test. In this study, the significance value was p = 0.016 (p <0.05) which can be concluded that there was an effect of decreasing ABI score on distance during SMWT in DM patients

scholarly journals On the possibility of using temperature to aid in thyroid nodule investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Damião ◽  
J. R. G. Montero ◽  
M. B. H. Moran ◽  
R. A. da Cruz Filho ◽  
C. A. P. Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technique ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Fat Thickness

AbstractThyroid nodules are common, and their investigation is very important to exclude the possibility of cancer. The increase in blood vessels of malignant tumours may be related to local temperature augmentation detectable on the skin surface. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of Infrared Thermography for cancer identification. For this purpose, two studies were performed. One used numerical modelling to simulate regional metabolic temperature propagation to evaluate whether a nodule is perceptible on the skin surface. A second study considered thyroid nodule identification by using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). First, variations in nodular size and fat thickness were investigated, showing that the fat layer has an important role in regional heat transfer. In the second study, the training process achieved accuracy of 96% for in-sample and 95% for validation. In the testing phase, 92% accuracy, 100% precision and 80% recall were achieved. Thus, the presented studies suggest the feasibility of using Infrared Thermography with the CNN Artificial Intelligence technique as additional information in the investigation of thyroid nodules for patients without a very thick subcutaneous fat layer.

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