scholarly journals Vasorelaxant Alkaloids from Spirospermum penduliflorum (Menispermaceae), a Plant Used to Treat Hypertension in Malagasy Traditional Medicine

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Guy E. Raoelison ◽  
Mamy H. Rafamantanana ◽  
René Razafindrazaka ◽  
Adolphe Randriantsoa ◽  
Suzanne Urverg-Ratsimamanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antagonist Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Vasorelaxant Activity ◽  
The Right

Spirospermum penduliflorum Thouars (Menispermaceae) is widely used on the eastern coast of Madagascar to treat hypertension. The aim of the present study was to analyse the vasorelaxant properties of different leaf extracts. The activity of the n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanolic extracts was tested on phenylephrine-contracted aorta. The dichloromethane extract was shown to be the most effective. Further fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of an active fraction relaxing phenylephrine-contracted aorta with an IC50 of 0.18 μg/mL {log IC50 (μg/mL) −0.74 ± 0.03} but was much less effective on KCl induced contractions. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this fraction led to the isolation of two aporphinoid alkaloids, neolitsine and dicentrine, which at concentrations of 0.1 μM and 1 μM displaced to the right the phenylephrine concentration-contraction curve. Our results show that Spirospermum penduliflorum extracts possess vasorelaxant activity in vitro that could be related to the presence of dicentrine in the extracts having an α1 antagonist activity. This finding is not in accord with the previous studies by Rasoanaivo et al where no alkaloids were detected in the leaves of Spirospermum penduliflorum.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of plants used in Indian traditional medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Arushdeep Sidana ◽  
Umar Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antileishmanial Activity ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Mtt Method

<p>The present study was aimed at <em>in vitro</em> antileishmanial screening of ten plants used in the traditional medicine in India. MTT method was used to evaluate the cell death after application of 100, 250, 350 and 500 μg/mL of the methanolic extracts followed by incubation for 24 hours at 25°C. Methanolic leaf extracts of <em>Acorus calamus, Alstonia scholaris</em> and <em>Berberis aristata</em> showed significant antileishmanial activity at a concentration of 500 µg/ml. In order to identify the antileishmanial compounds present in the active extracts of the screened plants, an LC-MS analysis of the tested extracts was carried out. The active extracts revealed the presence of some natural products with known antileishmanial activity along with other compounds. The present study suggests that the active plant extracts may be processed to isolate the compounds that may further be screened for their antileishmanial potential.</p>

scholarly journals FRACTIONATION OF THE N-HEXANE EXTRACT OF GARCINIA BANCANA MIQ. (MANGGIS HUTAN) LEAVES AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY BASED ON 1,1-DIPHENYL-2- PICRYLHYDRAZYL AND FERRIC REDUCING ANTIOXIDANT POWER ASSAYS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Dewi Kumala Putri ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Nuraini Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Objective: To assess the antioxidant activity from another part of the plant, in this study, leaf extracts in n-hexane were fractionated.Methods: Ten fractions were obtained and tested in vitro for antioxidant activity using two methods, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP), to identify the most active fraction.Results: The IC50 of the most active fraction was 36.24 μg/mL using the DPPH method, and the EC50 was 39.54 μg/mL using the FRAP method. Themost active fraction was also shown to contain terpenoids.Conclusion: The most active fraction of an n-hexane extract of the leaves of Gacinia bancana Miq., which was tested by both DPPH and FRAP methodshad antioxidant activities with IC50 and EC50 values of 36.2482 μg/mL and 39.5442 μg/mL, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed that activefraction contains terpenoids.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antifungal Efficacy of Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts of Parkia biglobosa on Fungi Associated with Seed Rot of Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaries L.) in Akpabuyo, Cross River State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Patrick Ishoro Akwaji ◽  
Ekeng Ita Okon ◽  
Etim Johnson Umana ◽  
Aniedi Abasi Akpan Markson
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Efficacy

The phytochemical and antifungal efficacy of the ethanolic and methanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of Parkiabiglobosa on the fungal pathogens isolated from infected green bean seeds obtained from the field in Akpabuyo, Cross River State, Nigeria were investigated in vitro. The pathogens were Botryodiplodiatheobromae and Aspergillusniger. Various concentrations of the extracts ranging from 10g/100ml, 20g/100ml, 30g/100ml, 40g/100ml and 50g/100ml were separately added to PDA media. Results of the in vitro antifungal assay shows that at 40g/100ml and 50g/100ml concentrations, ethanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of P. biglobosa completely inhibited the radial growth of B. theobromae and A. niger after seven days observation period while those of methanolic extracts completely inhibited the redial growth of the fungal pathogens at 50g/100ml concentration. Results, however, shows that the extracts had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the radial growth of the fungal pathogens at all the different concentrations tested as compared with the control. Pathogen growth inhibition was most effective at 30g/100ml, 40g/100ml and 50g/100ml concentrations. The inhibitory action of the extracts increased/decreased with a corresponding increase/decrease in the concentration of the plant extracts. Ethanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of P. biglobosa was found to be more effective in inhibiting the redial growth of the fungal pathogens than those of methanolic extracts, also ethanolic and methanolic stem bark extracts were observed to be more effective in the inhibition of the radial growth of the fungal pathogens than leaf extracts. Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars, flavonoids, saponnins and tannins with traces of alkaloids in stem bark extracts while flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponnins, tannins and terpenoids were present in leaf extracts.

scholarly journals In Vitro Control of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) Fruit Rot Caused by Fungi Using Two Plant Extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Ntui Okey ◽  
Patrick Ishoro Akwaji ◽  
Juliet Bassey Akpan ◽  
Etim Johnson Umana ◽  
Glory Akpan Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Infected Tomato ◽  
The Media ◽  
Fresh Tomato

The inhibitory properties of the ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Colaacuminata on the fungal pathogens isolated from infected tomato fruits were investigated. The pathogens were Fusariummoniliformes and Rhizopusstolonifer. Various concentrations of the extracts ranging from 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% were separately added to PDA media. The fungal pathogens were separately inoculated into the media and incubated for seven days. Antifungal effects of these extracts on the mycelia growth of the pathogens were significant at P<0.05 for all treatments at higher concentrations. At 10-50% concentration, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Cola acuminata had no significant effect on the mycelia growth of Fusariummoniliformes and Rhizopusstolonifer after seven days observation period. At 60-100% concentrations, the two pathogens were completely inhibited by ethanolic extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Cola acuminata. Methanolic extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Cola acuminata inhibited completely Fusariummoniliformes and Rhizopusstolonifer at 80-100% concentrations. The in vitro inhibitory effects of these extracts at higher concentrations indicated that they can be used for the control of tomato fruit rot. It may be necessary to use them in prolonging the shelf-life of fresh tomato fruit and some other fruits.

scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Some Plants Used in Nepalese Traditional Medicine

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rajbhandari ◽  
R. Mentel ◽  
P. K. Jha ◽  
R. P. Chaudhary ◽  
S. Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Influenza Virus A ◽  
Viral Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Hsv 1

Methanolic extracts of 41 plant species belonging to 27 families used in the traditional medicine in Nepal have been investigated forin vitroantiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and influenza virus A by dye uptake assay in the systems HSV-1/Vero cells and influenza virus A/MDCK cells. The extracts ofAstilbe rivularis, Bergenia ciliata, Cassiope fastigiataandThymus linearisshowed potent anti-herpes viral activity. The extracts ofAllium oreoprasum, Androsace strigilosa, Asparagus filicinus, Astilbe rivularis, Bergenia ciliataandVerbascum thapsusexhibited strong anti-influenza viral activity. Only the extracts ofA. rivularisandB. ciliatademonstrated remarkable activity against both viruses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Anti-pyretic, Analgesic, and Hepatoprotective Properties of Terminalia macroptera

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. e58-e67
Author(s):  
Mahamane Haïdara ◽  
Adama Dénou ◽  
Mohamed Haddad ◽  
Aïssata Camara ◽  
Korotoumou Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractIn Mali, improved traditional medicines [“Médicaments Traditionnels Améliorés”] are prepared from traditionally used medicinal plants. Recently, the Department of Traditional Medicine has identified Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) as a potential candidate for an improved traditional medicine. T. macroptera is a West African medicinal plant used in Mali against various health disorders, with more than 30 different indications mentioned by traditional healers, including hepatitis, gonorrhea, fever, pain relief, and various infectious diseases (Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases). To date, validation of most of the biological activities of has been mainly carried out in vitro, except for antimalarial activities. In this study, the potential anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective properties of T. macroptera were investigated in different murine models. Administration of T. macroptera ethanolic root and leaf extracts in rats significantly reduced pyrexia, pain, inflammation, and hepatic marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in the different murine models used (p<0.05). A phytochemical screening of T. macroptera revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, anthracene derivatives, sterols, triterpenes, and sugars in both leaf and root extracts as the main phytochemical compounds. This was confirmed by qualitative analysis, liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. T. macroptera extracts demonstrated interesting in vivo antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. Therefore, T. macroptera should be proposed and further evaluated as a potential improved traditional medicine for the treatment of liver-related disorders and for the relief of pain and fever.

scholarly journals Sickled Erythrocytes Reversal and Membrane Stabilizing Compounds inTelfairia occidentalis

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Atabo ◽  
Ismaila Alhaji Umar ◽  
Dorcas Bolanle James ◽  
Aisha Indo Mamman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis

Background and Purpose. Traditional management of sickle cell disease (SCD) is ubiquitous in Africa. In south-eastern Nigeria,Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis)is strongly recommended for consumption by SCD patients, owing to its presumed therapeutic effect. This study investigates the antisickling and membrane regenerative potentials ofT. occidentalisin sickled erythrocytes.Experimental Approach. Sickled erythrocytes obtained from SCD patients were treated with sodium metabisulphite (2%) to induce further sickling. Heat and hypotonic-induced lyses of red blood cells’ membranes were also carried out. The RBCs were treated with varying concentration (10.0, 1.0, and 0.1 mg mL−1and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg mL−1, resp.) ofT. occidentalisextracts as treatment regimen forin vitroantisickling and membrane stabilizing assays. Extract with peak activity was purified and reused in antisickling assay.Key Results. The antisickling activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of leaves, seeds, and stem ofTelfairia occidentalisat 10.0, 1.0, and 0.1 mg mL−1revealed that the aqueous leaves extract (10 mg mL−1) exhibited the highest antisickling activity (64.03%) which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the stem (47.30%) and seeds (37.50%). Partially purified fractions recorded improved antisickling effect (peak activity of 70%). Characterization (using GC-MS) of the most active fraction revealed some bioactive compounds. In the membrane stabilizing assay, methanolic and aqueous stem extracts ofT. occidentalisshowed the highest effect of 71.85% and 61.29%, respectively.Conclusions and Implications. The results provide scientific evidence for ethnopharmacological use ofT. occidentalisin the management of SCD.

In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Plants used in Cambodian Traditional Medicine

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aun Chea ◽  
Marie-Caroline Jonville ◽  
Sok-Siya Bun ◽  
Michèle Laget ◽  
Riad Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The purpose of the present study was to screen 27 plant species used in the traditional medicine of Cambodia for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Thirty-three methanolic extracts were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Candida albicans. Screened by disk diffusion assay, the extracts showed antimicrobial activity especially on Gram-positive bacteria. None of the crude methanolic extracts showed activity against P. aeruginosa. Twenty-five selected extracts were evaluated using a micro-dilution test. Harrisonia perforata (roots) and Hymenodictyon excelsum (bark) exhibited a bactericidal effect against S. aureus at a concentration of 500 μg/ml. Azadirachta indica (bark), Harrisonia perforata (roots and stem) and Shorea obtusa (roots) exhibited a bactericidal effect against M. smegmatis at 250 μg/ml.

scholarly journals In vitro Antimalarial Evaluations and Cytotoxicity Investigations of Carica papaya Leaves and Carpaine

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1901400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woon-Chien Teng ◽  
Wilson Chan ◽  
Rossarin Suwanarusk ◽  
Alice Ong ◽  
Han-Kiat Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Further Development

The objective of this study is to evaluate the antimalarial property of Carica papaya L. leaf extracts and the cytotoxicity of active samples. C. papaya leaves were extracted and screened against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and Dd2 strains. Bioassay-guided fractionation was carried out. The dichloromethane extract of C. papaya leaves showed significant antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum 3D7 and Dd2. Successful bioassay-guided fractionation afforded a fraction three to seven times more active than the dichloromethane extract. Carpaine was isolated from the most active alkaloidal extract and identified in the active fraction and dichloromethane leaf extract. The cytotoxicity of active samples was evaluated against NL20 cells. A haemolysis assay was performed on carpaine. Carpaine exhibited good activity against both strains of P. falciparum with IC50 of 2.01 ± 0.18 μg/mL (4.21 μM) and 2.19 ± 0.60 μg/mL (4.57 μM) against 3D7 and Dd2 strains respectively. It exhibited high selectivity for the parasite and was non-toxic to healthy uninfected human red blood cells. This is the first study investigating the haemolysis potential of carpaine. The results provide a scientific basis for the traditional use of C. papaya leaves for malaria treatment. More work is required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carpaine for further development into potential new antimalarial drugs.

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