scholarly journals Inhibitory Activities of Sesame Seed Extract and its Constituents against β-Secretase

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Matsumura ◽  
Kazuya Murata ◽  
Nobuhiro Zaima ◽  
Yuri Yoshioka ◽  
Masanori Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Absorption Experiment ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
The Brain

The need for a preventive agent against dementia led us to screen natural plant resources. Among the herbs and spices tested, sesame seed prepared from Sesamum indicum seeds showed potent β-secretase inhibitory activity. The active principles were determined to be sesamin and sesamolin, typical lignans in S. indicum. The IC50 values of sesamin and sesamolin were 257 and 140 μM, respectively. These compounds were investigated in a preliminary absorption experiment. After oral administration, these compounds were detected in an intact form in the brain and serum. These results suggest that consumption of sesame seeds may prevent dementia by sesamin and sesamolin, the constituents in sesame seeds.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activities of Essential Oil Obtained from Turmeric and Its Constituents against β-Secretase

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Matsumura ◽  
Kazuya Murata ◽  
Nobuhiro Zaima ◽  
Yuri Yoshioka ◽  
Masanori Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Volatile Substance ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Absorption Experiment ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
The Brain

The need for a preventive agent against dementia led us to screen natural plant resources. Among the herbs and spices tested, turmeric, from rhizomes of Curcuma longa, showed high potency against β-secretase. The active principles were determined as α-turmerone, β-turmerone and ar-turmerone, with IC50 values of 39, 62 and 92 μM respectively. In this study, the efficiency of collecting the essential oil using steam distillation of the volatile substance was disclosed. The active principles were explored, and four sesquiterpenoids and five monoterpenoids were revealed as active principles against β-secretase. On the other hand, α-turmerone, β-turmerone and ar-turmerone were also investigated in a pharmacokinetic absorption experiment. After oral administration, these compounds were detected in an intact form in the brain and serum. These results suggest that consumption of turmeric constituents may prevent dementia.

scholarly journals The Effects of Varieties and Moisture Content on Some Physical and Aerodynamic Properties of Sesame Seeds (Sesamum indicum L) as Related to Cleaning

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Akinoso ◽  
Tajudeen Adeniyi Olayanju ◽  
John Ohioma Idehai ◽  
Joe Igbeka
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Drag Coefficients ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Moisture Content Level ◽  
Selection Of

Some physical and aerodynamic properties of two varieties of sesame seeds (Yandev -55 and E8) were determined at varied moisture content levels. These properties are factors in the design and selection of sesame seed-cleaning machines. For the Yandev-55 and E8 varieties, major diameters ranged from 2.8 mm to 3.3 mm and 3.4 mm to 3.8 mm, intermediate diameters ranged from 1.8 mm to 2.1 mm and 2.2 mm to 2.5 mm, and minor diameters ranged from 0.7 mm to 0.9 mm and 0.6 to 0.9 mm, respectively. Their geometric means ranged from 1.5 to 1.8 mm and 1.7 to 2.0 mm, their spheroids ranged from 0.5 to 0.6 and 0.5 to 0.6, and their frontal areas ranged from 1.8 to 2.6 and 2.2 to 3.2, respectively. The terminal velocities of Yandev-55 were 2.9, 3.6, 4.7 and 5.4, while the terminal velocities of E8 were 3.4, 4.12, 5.1 and 6.3 at a moisture content level of 8.0, 10.3, 15.9 and 21.2 % (w.b.), respectively. The drag coefficients were in the range of 0.4 to 2.7 while Reynolds number varied from 2775.0 to 7840.7. The terminal velocities of the associated materials within the seeds were 1.5, 2.3, 3.1, and 3.6 at a moisture content level of 8.0, 10.3, 15.9 and 21.2%, respectively. The studied properties significantly varied with the varieties of sesame seeds. Also, the effects of moisture content are non negligible.

scholarly journals Storage Mycoflora in Sesame Seed Production in Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Elaigwu ◽  
H.O.A. Oluma ◽  
A. Onekutu
Keyword(s):  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Poor Soil

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is usually contaminated with many fungi where some of them are mycotoxigenic causing economic and health problems. This study investigated the percentage composition of fungi contamination of sesame seeds in Benue state Nigeria. Using direct plating technique; the study revealed twelve species of fungi contamination in sesame seed obtained in Benue State. The percentage occurrence of fungal isolates shows that Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were found in all the locations and their occurrence was significantly different (P≤0.05). The percentage contamination of Sesame samples collected from Otukpo LGA has the highest fungal (23.35%) contamination and was significantly higher (P≤0.05) from samples of other places whereas Sesame contamination from Gboko was the least with total percentage of (12.05%). In conclusion, considering the benefits of sesame, it is recommended that several treatments should be applied to reduce the levels of contamination in sesame seeds before consumption utilization such as environmental conditions leading to fungal proliferation (a high temperature, humidity, poor soil fertility, drought and insect damage). Also poor harvesting practices, unsuitable storage conditions, improper transportation, marketing and processing should be discouraged.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activities against Methioninase, Collagenase and Release of Matrix Metalloprotease-1 from Human Gingival Fibroblast by Heartwood Extract from Pterocarpus marsupium

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Takuya Anraku ◽  
Takahiro Deguchi ◽  
Mami Yokota-Honda ◽  
Takuya Kawata ◽  
Takanori Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Matrix Metalloprotease ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Collagenase Activity ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Pterocarpus Marsupium ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

In our research program to investigate novel agents for anti-malodor activity from natural plant resources, we focused on Pterocarpus marsupium, which has been used as a “toothbrush tree” in Asian countries for many years. A 50% ethanol extract (PM-ext) was prepared and tested for anti-methioninase and anti-collagenase activity along with suppressive activity against matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1 from interleukin-1β stimulated human gingival fibroblast. PM-ext showed moderate anti-methioninase and anti-collagenase activity as 35 and 33% at 500 μg/mL, while PM-ext showed suppression of MMP-1 release at 10 μg/mL. The active principles of MMP-1 release suppression were revealed as pterostilbene, (+)-liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin and α- epi-coatline A. Among them, pterostilbene showed suppression at 0.5 μM, which was the most potent of the four compounds.

scholarly journals Phenolic content, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of six varieties of white sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.)

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 5751-5758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Lin ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Charles Brennan ◽  
Xiong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Antiproliferative Activities

This article investigates the total phenolics, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of six varieties of white sesame seed.

scholarly journals Genetic Potential and Possible Improvement of Sesamum indicum L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthulakshmi Chellamuthu ◽  
Selvi Subramanian ◽  
Manonmani Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
The Stability

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the traditional oil seed crop widely cultivated in many countries. The top producers of sesame seeds are mainly Tanzania, Myanmar, India, China and Japan. Sesame oil contains high level of unsaturated fatty acids (80%) and low levels of saturated fatty acids (20%). The main fatty acids are palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and trace amounts of linolenic fatty acids. Sesame seed contains 50–60% of high-quality oil rich in natural antioxidants such as sesamin, sesamolin, sesaminol and sesamol it enhances the stability and keeping quality of sesame oil. Sesame seeds have good sources of dietary fibre, fats, vitamins, minerals, proteins and rich in anti-oxidants. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in sesame will reduce the risk of high blood pressure, cardiac disorders and blood sugar levels. Sesame is believed to have been originated in India where maximum variability of genetic resources is available. High yielding varieties available to date have reached the yield plateau even with the advanced cultivation practices. The area under oilseed crops cultivation also reducing every year. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the oil content and yield of Indian sesame varieties. Understanding the available germplasm and novel interventions to develop high yielding varieties warrant both molecular and phenotypic data which is meagre in case of sesame.

Simultaneous Determination of Imatinib and N-Desmethyl Imatinib in Rat Plasma and Tissues Using LC-MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Zhi Rao ◽  
Bo-xia Li ◽  
Yong-Wen Jin ◽  
Wen-Kou ◽  
Yan-rong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Brain

Background: Imatinib (IM) is a chemotherapy medication metabolized by CYP3A4 to Ndesmethyl imatinib (NDI), which shows similar pharmacologic activity to the parent drug. Although methods for determination of IM and/or NDI have been developed extensively, only few observations have been addressed to simultaneously determine IM and NDI in biological tissues such as liver, kidney, heart, brain and bone marrow. Methods: A validated LC-MS/MS method was developed for the quantitative determination of imatinib (IM) and N-desmethyl imatinib (NDI) from rat plasma, bone marrow, brain, heart, liver and kidney. The plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation, and then the separation of the analytes was achieved using an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (4.6 × 100 mm, 3.5 µm) with gradient elution running water (A) and methanol (B). Mass spectrometric detection was achieved by a triplequadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray source interface in positive ionization mode. Results: This method was used to investigate the pharmacokinetics and the tissue distributions in rats following oral administration of 25 mg/kg of IM. The pharmacokinetic profiles suggested that IM and NDI are disappeared faster in rats than human, and the tissue distribution results showed that IM and NDI had good tissue penetration and distribution, except for the brain. This is the first report about the large penetrations of IM and NDI in rat bone marrow. Conclusion: The method demonstrated good sensitivity, accuracy, precision and recovery in assays of IM and NDI in rats. The described assay was successfully applied for the evaluation of pharmacokinetics and distribution in the brain, heart, liver, kidney and bone marrow of IM and NDI after a single oral administration of IM to rats.

Synthesis of nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite through soft chemistry methods: A green chemistry approach using sesame seed extract

2016 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Gingasu ◽  
Ioana Mindru ◽  
Oana Catalina Mocioiu ◽  
Silviu Preda ◽  
Nicolae Stanica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Soft Chemistry

Effects of long-term oral administration of silver nanoparticles on the cognitive functions of mammals

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Anna Alexandrovna Antsiferova ◽  
Marina Yurievna Kopaeva ◽  
Vyacheslav Nikolaevich Kochkin ◽  
Pavel Konstantinovich Kashkarov
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Impaired Cognitive Function ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Brain

Introduction. Since the beginning of the XXI century, silver nanoparticles have been widely used in various industries, medicine and pharmaceuticals due to their pronounced antibacterial, antiviral and fungicidal properties. In connection with such a high demand for the use of silver nanoparticles, it is very important to understand the associated potential risks from their use. Materials and methods. In the course of the work, there has been a study of the effects of the long-term oral administration of a commercially produced dietary supplement based on silver nanoparticles with a size of 34 nm and stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone in an amount of 50 μg/day/animal on the cognitive functions of C57Bl/6 mice, as well as their accumulation in the brain by the method of instrumental neutron activation analysis. The dietary supplement used is recommended for people as a treatment for gastrointestinal infections. Results. It was found that after 180 days of administration, silver nanoparticles impair long-term contextual memory, and over time, the content of silver in the brain increases. Conclusion. Presumably impaired cognitive function with accumulation of silver in the brains of mice. This poses the risk of prolonged oral use of the silver nanoparticles.

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