scholarly journals Screening of Spice Extracts Possessing Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Active Principle of Bitter Ginger, Rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Murata ◽  
Yusuke Ishida ◽  
Arisa Nishio ◽  
Sayaka Nakagawa ◽  
Hirokazu Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Zingiber Zerumbet ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Cholinesterase Activities ◽  
Butyrylcholinesterase Activity

In our research program for investigating anti-dementia agents from natural plant resources, we screened extracts from 15 spice samples. Among the plant extracts tested, ethyl acetate extract prepared from rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet showed potent activity. Activity-guided purification led to determination of afzelin and its acetylated compound as the active principles. Afzelin showed moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and may also be expected to possess anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity. This is the first report to reveal the anti-cholinesterase activities of ethyl acetate extract of Z. zerumbet and afzelin. Furthermore, Z. zerumbet may be a potential therapeutic agent for the improvement of dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease.

scholarly journals SKRINING SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETILASETAT DAUN WEDUSAN (Eupatorium odoratum)

Molekul ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Purwati Purwati ◽  
Undri Rastuti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Fat Quality

Oxidation process is a natural process which always occurs in fat. The process affects and decreases the fat quality. Oxidation in fat can be hampered by the addition of antioxidant. Antioxidant activity of wedusan leaf has to be studied to know the possibility of wedusan leaf as an antioxidant. Hence, the aims of the research were to determine the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract of wedusan leaf using TBA method, and to compare the antioxidant activity of wedusan leaf and that of BHT. The research method consisted of sample preparation, extraction, and determination of antioxidant activity using TBA method. Wedusan leaf was extracted by maceration using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. The n-hexane extract was 2.90 gram, whereas ethyl acetate extract was 13.12 gram. Based on qualitative screening on secondary metabolites, ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoid. The results from GC-MS indicated that ethyl acetate extract contained methyl heptadecanoic, methyl-13-octadecenoic, 14,16-octadecadienal, and octadecanoic acid. The order of inhibition activity of antioxidant were 0.05% (w/v) of BHT > 0.15% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract > 0.10% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract > 0.05% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract.

Control of JE vector by organic compounds isolated and green nanoparticles synthesised from leaf extract of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Someshwar Singha ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Abstract Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a dreadful disease transmitted by Culex vishnui group of mosquitoes. Control of JE vectors at the larval stage is one of the effective approaches in controlling JE. Methods: Leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia were subjected to petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone and absolute alcohol solvent extraction by Soxhlet apparatus. As the ethyl acetate extract showed best mosquito larvicidal activity against Culex vishnui, it extract was selected and processed further for isolation of active principle through column chromatography and TLC and then characterization of the active principle by FTIR and GC-MS was done. Results: Ethyl acetate extract was found to be the most potent larvicide. In the active fraction of isolated compounds from ethyl acetate extract, N-methyl-1-adamantaneacetamide was the major constituent responsible for larvicidal activity of Culex vishnui. Green nanoparticles were synthesised by treating silver nitrate with leaf extract of H. integrifolia and were examined for larvicidal activity. Nanoparticles were characterised by UV-VIS spectral analysis, XRD study, TEM, SEM and FTIR spectral analysis. Synthesised nanoparticles were 40-50 nm in size and showed good larvicidal activity on Cx. vishnui mosquitoes at 1.25, 2.25, 5, 7.5 and 10 ppm concentrations. Active principle of plant extract and green nanoparticles showed eco-friendly effect on non-target organisms like Chironomus circumdatus, Daphnia sp, Diplonychus anulatum and Tadpole larvae. Conclusion: Thus it can be concluded that active ingredient as well as green synthesized nano particles from H. integrifolia can be a good alternative of presently used chemical insecticides.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS IN ENHALUS ACOROIDES SEAGRASS EXTRACT BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROMETRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amudha P ◽  
Jayalakshmi M ◽  
Pushpabharathi N ◽  
Vanitha V
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Objective: This study deals with the determination of possible phytocompounds present in the ethyl acetate extract of Enhalus acoroides using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique. Methods: Using GC-MS technique the phytocompounds present in the ethyl acetate extract of E. acoroides whole seagrass was investigated, and the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology library.Results: GC-MS analysis of E. acoroides extract revealed the existence of several phytocompounds which includes 1-nonadecene (17.15%), n-tetracosanol-1 (11.48%), 1-octadecene (10.06%), 2-pentadecanone (7.87%), behenyl alcohol (7.33%), 17-pentatriacontene (4.84%), triacontane (4.25%), tetratetracontane (4.17%), and butylated hydroxytoluene (2.09%).Conclusion: E. acoroides possess distinct phytocompounds such as 1-nonadecene and n-tetracosanol-1 which possess antioxidant property, triacontane which has antibacterial, antidiabetic and antitumor activities. Further studies need to elute novel bioactive compounds and toxicity profile through animal models. 

scholarly journals Anti-cholinesterase Activity of Crude Drugs Selected from the Ingredients of Incense Sticks and Heartwood of Chamaecyparis obtusa

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Kazuya Murata ◽  
Kanae Tanaka ◽  
Reina Akiyama ◽  
Ibuki Noro ◽  
Arisa Nishio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Type Mode ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Butyrylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Ad Therapy

An effective agent for the treatment and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed due to the number of patients in the acute curve. In our research program to investigate effective agents for AD, we focused on crude drugs which consisted of incense sticks widely used in Asian countries including Japan. We selected 9 drugs as “aromatic” crude drugs and 2 as basal crude drugs. Among the samples tested, the essential oil obtained from the leaf of Cryptomeria japonica showed the most potent anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with 64.8% of inhibition at 100 μg/mL. In addition, no sample showed significant inhibition against β-secretase. From these results, the crude drugs selected in this study may be effective for AD therapy rather than prevention. The active principles of anti-acetylcholinesterase were investigated by activity-guided fractionation, and kaur-16-ene, nezukol and ferruginol were successfully identified, the IC50 values were 640, 300 and 95 μM, respectively. Kaur-16-ene and nezukol inhibited acetylcholinesterase in the mixed type mode, while ferruginol inhibited it in the competitive mode. In addition, nezukol and ferruginol showed anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity, the IC50 values were 155 and 22 μM, respectively. We also focused on the heartwood of Chamaecyparis obtusa, since this tree has been used as a building material for the heartwood of C. japonica. Ethyl acetate extract of C. obtusa showed anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of 37.7% inhibition at 100 μg/mL. The active principle was determined to be (-)-hinokinin by activity-guided fractionation and the IC50 value was 176 μM. These results suggest that the leaf of C. japonica and heartwood of C. obtusa may be suitable agents for AD therapy when administered through the nasal system as an aroma supplement.

Determination of phenanthrenes and stilbenoid in the ethyl acetate extract of Thunia alba (Lindl) by HPLC-DAD

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 4867-4871 ◽  
Author(s):  
He-Gui Yan ◽  
Hui-Ran Zhao ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
An-Mei Lu ◽  
Xue-Mei Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract

The target of this work was to determine the amount of phenanthrenes and stilbenoid in the ethyl acetate extract of Thunia alba (Lindl).

scholarly journals STANDARDISATION OF PIPALIASAVA-A POLYHERBAL FORMULATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Ashiyana Mansuri ◽  
Sonal Desai
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Permissible Levels

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pipaliasava is a commercially available traditionally fermented biomedicine containing self-generated alcohol. Pipaliasava was standardised for various physicochemical and toxicological parameters using relevant modern techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pipaliasava was evaluated for organoleptic and various physicochemical properties. Alcohol content was determined by gas chromatography. The formulation was analysed for the presence of microbial contamination by microbial tests and for heavy metals by atomic emission spectroscopy. HPTLC studies were carried out for quantitative determination of gallic acid in ethyl acetate extract of the formulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The formulation was found to be mild acidic. The refractive index was found to be 1.37. The viscosity was found to be 29.2 cp. The solid content was found to be 22.05 % w/v. Water-soluble extractive value and alcohol-soluble extractive value were evaluated to be 31.664 % w/v and 30.424 % w/v. Reducing and non-reducing sugars were found to be 20.08 % w/v and 0.38 % w/v. The content of ethanol was found to be 8.29 % using GC technique. Different extracts of pipaliasava were evaluated for the presence of various phytoconstituents using respective chemical tests. The formulation showed the absence of lead and mercury and permissible levels of arsenic and cadmium. The formulation showed no presence of <em>E. coli, P. </em><em>aerugenosa</em> and<em> S. aureus</em> in the microbiological examination<em>.</em> Gallic acid content in the ethyl acetate extract of pipaliasava was found to be 0.0061 % by HPTLC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Marketed pipaliasava formulation was successfully standardized as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and WHO guidelines.</p>

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Zingiber zerumbet Ethyl Acetate Extract on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Damage of Red Blood Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-790
Author(s):  
Mohd Fuad Rahmat Sam ◽  
Asmah Hamid ◽  
Ahmad Rohi Ghazali ◽  
Santhana Raj Louis ◽  
Siti Balkis Budin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Zingiber Zerumbet

scholarly journals THE ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUND COLLISMICIN A DERIVED FROM MARINE Streptomyces sp Q-629K

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
Tutik Murniasih ◽  
Kyoko Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Water System ◽  
Antimicrobial Compound ◽  
Streptomyces Sp

In our course of screening for secondary metabolite derived from marine bacterial, we isolate the antimicrobial compound collysmicin A from the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp Q-629K. Separation of this compound was carried out by silica gel open column chromatography. Purification of an active compound was done using HPLC C18 with acetonitril-water system. Determination of chemical structure was done by 1H, 13C NMR and LC-MS analysis. Collysmicin A was contained in fraction 3, fraction 7.2 and fraction 8.7. The antimicrobial assayed from purified compound Fr.8.7 gave diameter inhibition approximately 13 mm against S. aureus and 12 mm against B. subtilis .   Keywords: antimicrobial, collismycin A and marine Streptomyces sp

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Plectranthus ambionicus and Phyllanthus amarus

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pathmavathi ◽  
P. Thamizhiniyan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigates

Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaves of Plectranthus ambionicus and  Phyllanthus amarus were screened for their antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by disc diffusion method, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) against four strains of Gram positive bacteria, three strains of Gram negative bacteria and three species of fungi. The antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Plectranthus ambionicus and Phyllanthus amarus showed varied levels of antimicrobial activity against the studied bacterial and fungal pathogens. The mean zone of inhibition produced by all the tested extracts ranged from 7.0 ± 0.50 mm to 29.5 ± 0.50 mm. The MIC, MBC and MFC values were between 15.62 and 1000 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract of Plectranthus ambionicus showed good antimicrobial activity with the highest mean zone of inhibition (29.5±0.5 mm), lowest MIC (15.62 μg/mL) and MBC (31.25 μg/mL) values followed by ethyl acetate extract of Phyllanthus amarus(23.6±0.50 mm; MIC=62.5; MBC=125 μg/mL) against Aspergillus fumigates.

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