Background: A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity in a way analogous to sexual reproduction. Influenza (Including (COVID-19), is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus. Some viruses especially smallpox, throughout history, has killed between 300-500 million people in its 12,000year existence. As modern humans increased in numbers, new infectious diseases emerged, including SARS-CoV-2. We have two groups of virus, RNA and DNA viruses. The most brutal viruses are RNA ones like COVID-19 (Sars-CoV-2 [1] Introduction: Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that are typically mild, such as some cases of the common cold (among other possible causes, predominantly rhinoviruses), though rarer forms can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms vary in other species: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, The genome size, coronaviruses ranges from approximately 27 to 34 kilobases, the largest among known RNA viruses. Discussions and Results: We have researched from the first virus in the planet to the last mutated version which is SARS-COV-2. We have collected many informative data in tables and figures to reach the main cause of 2019Coronavirus and calculated the probability and estimated deaths in the current time. We have discussed about the possible treatment and prevention of the virus and did algebraic calculations on the epidemiology, the size and even the future of this pandemic. The only era which any virus had not been epidemic, were through world war 2, were the German scientists had found the way to fight any viral infections which is very important and can help scientists to reach the main treatment of the new 2019-Coronavirus. We have sorted the deadly and non-deadly coronaviruses and explained how this epidemic had begun through Evolutionary Medicine (EM). The result of the article is that 16% of the whole population in the world has been contaminated which is 1248000000 of 7.8 billion people world-wide. SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA Virus. its nucleic acid is 2 single-stranded RNA (ssRNA). The polarity of this virus is positive-sense ((+) ssRNA). Positivesense viral RNA is similar to mRNA and thus can be immediately translated by the host cell. Recombination in RNA viruses appears to be an adaptation for coping with genome damage. Recombination can occur infrequently between animal viruses of the same species but of divergent lineages. The resulting recombinant viruses may sometimes cause an outbreak of infection in humans. RNA viruses have very high mutation rates This is one reason why it is difficult to make effective vaccines to prevent diseases caused by RNA viruses. The resulting recombinant viruses causes an outbreak of infection in humans. Conclusion: In conclusion, the mutation of the SARSCoV and influenza viruses through Drift and Reassortment is the main cause of SARS-CoV-2 through natural selection, Lamarckian Evolution and coevolution which caused this RNA virus so powerful, unpredicted and different in the genome size and nations worldwide. The first Pandemic of Influenza was first detected in 1732 and this virus evolved through natural selection till 2019 which caused the worldwide pandemic of SARS-CoV-2. Based on many studies, inhalation of Ozone plus Sulfur Dioxide, increasing the amounts of L-Glutathione (Which is low in children and older adults and this is the main reason why older adults and children die from this disease.) plus Viral Phage Therapy (VPT) which we discussed fully in this article can be the possible prime treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The seasonal temperature cannot be useful in controlling/reducing the pandemic of this virus since the natural selection, Lamarckian Evolution and high mutation of the virus helps its survival. No antiviral drugs will be useful against SARSCoV-2 because of high rate of mutation and primarily adaptation of the virus to the drugs and even the environmental Temperature.
Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections
