Determinants of neonatal sepsis among neonates delivered in Southwest Ethiopia 2018: A case-control study

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is one of the principal causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. In spite of interventions with different preventive methods, the burden of neonatal sepsis is being reported in different parts of Ethiopia. For further interventions, identifying its determinants is found to be essential. Objective: The study aimed to assess the determinants of neonatal sepsis among neonates delivered in Southwest Ethiopia in 2018. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Southwest Ethiopia from May 2018 to August 2018. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants; Cases were neonates diagnosed with sepsis and controls were neonates without sepsis. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Bi-variable logistic regression was used to identify determinants of neonatal sepsis and those variables with a p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered as significantly associated at a 95% confidence interval. Results: The findings from the multivariable logistic regression revealed that history of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 9.2 [1.1, 19.8]), history of foul-smelling liquor (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.2 [1.2, 22.3]), history of maternal sexually transmitted infection/urinary tract infection (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval[ = 4.7 [1.1, 19.7]), history of vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 4.7 [1.11, 20]), and low birth weight (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.3 [1.3, 28.9]) were identified as determinants of neonatal sepsis. Conclusion: Generally, history of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, foul-smelling liquor, maternal history of the sexually transmitted disease, urinary tract infection, low birth weight, and the vascular catheter was identified as determinants of neonatal sepsis. Health education should be provided for pregnant mothers regarding health care-seeking behavior. Similarly, diagnoses and care should be accessible on time for foul-smelling liquor, premature rupture of membrane, and low birth weight.

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Stunting at birth and associated factors among newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245528

Author(s):

Almaz Tefera Gonete ◽

Bogale Kassahun ◽

Eskedar Getie Mekonnen ◽

Wubet Worku Takele

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Short Stature ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The University

Background Stunting at birth is a chronic form of undernutrition majorly attributable to poor prenatal nutrition, which could persist in children’s later life and impact their physical and cognitive health. Although multiple studies have been conducted in Ethiopia to show the magnitude of stunting and factors, all are concentrated on children aged between 6 to 59 months. Therefore, this study was done to determine the prevalence and associated factors of stunting at birth among newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 26th to April 25th/2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used, to select a total of 422 newborn-mother pairs. The binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with stunting and all independent variables were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model to adjust for confounders. Variables that had significant association were identified based on p-value < 0.05 and the adjusted odds ratio with its respective 95% confidence interval was applied to determine the strength as well as the direction of the association. Results About 30.5% (95% CI: 26.3%, 35.1%) of newborns were stunted at birth. Being male [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.9(1.62, 5.21)], newborns conceived in Kiremt(rainy season) [AOR = 2.7(1.49, 4.97)], being low birth weight [AOR = 3.1(1.64, 6.06)] were factors associated with stunting at birth. Likewise, newborns born to short stature mothers [AOR = 2.8(1.21, 6.62)] and chronically malnourished mothers [AOR = 15.3(8.12, 29.1)] were at greater risk of being stunted. Conclusion Just under a third of newborns are stunted at birth, implying a pressing public health problem. Newborns born to chronically malnourished and short stature mothers were more stunted. Besides, stunting was prevalently observed among male neonates, newborns conceived in Kiremet, and being low birth weight. Thus, policymakers and nutrition programmers should work on preventing maternal undernutrition through nutrition education to reduce the burden of low birth weight and stunting. Further, paying due attention to newborns conceived in Kiremet season to improve nutritional status is recommended.

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Predictors of hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/20503121211051573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 205031212110515

Author(s):

Fatemeh Esfahanian ◽

SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽

Nazanin Janfaza ◽

Marcarious M. Tantuoyir

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Predictors Of Mortality ◽

Laboratory Test Results ◽

History Of

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Timely and effective predictors of survival and death rates are crucial for improving the management of COVID-19 patients. In this study, we evaluated the predictors of mortality based on the demographics, comorbidities, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and vital signs of 500 patients with COVID-19 admitted at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, the biggest hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Five hundred hospitalized laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Subsequently, electronic medical records, including patient demographics, clinical manifestation, comorbidities, and laboratory test results were collected and analyzed. They were divided into two groups: expired and discharged. Demographics, clinical, and laboratory data were compared among the two groups. The related factors with death in the patients were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression approaches. Results: Among the 500 hospitalized patients, most patients were male (66.4% versus 33.6%). The expired group had more patients ⩾70 years of age compared with the discharged group (32.9% versus 16.3%, respectively). Almost 66% of the expired patients were hospitalized for ⩾5 days which was higher than the discharge group (26.9%). Patients with a history of opium use in the expired group were significantly higher compared to the discharged group (14.8% versus 8.6%, p = 0.04) as well as a history of cancer (15.5% versus 4.7%, p < 0.001). Out of the 500 patients with COVID-19, four patients (2.6%) were HIV positive, all of whom expired. Dyspnea (76.4%), fever (56.6%), myalgia (59.9%), and dry cough (67%) were the most common chief complaints of hospitalized patients. Age ⩾70 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–6.04), being female (adjusted odds ratio = 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.25–3.41), days of hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio = 5.73; 95% confidence interval, 3.49–9.41), and having cancer (adjusted odds ratio = 3.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–7.39) were identified as independent predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Discharged and expired COVID-19 patients had distinct clinical and laboratory characteristics, which were separated by principal component analysis. The mortality risk factors for severe patients identified in this study using a multivariate logistic regression model included elderly age (⩾70 years), being female, days of hospitalization, and having cancer.

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Determinants of low birth weight among live birth newborns delivered at public hospitals in Gamo Gofa Zone, South Ethiopia: Unmatched case control study

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/2050312120940544 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 205031212094054

Author(s):

Alemu Basazin Mingude ◽

Woiynshet Gebretsadik ◽

Dresilgn Misker ◽

Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuel

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Arm Circumference ◽

Mid Upper Arm Circumference ◽

Control Study

Background: Birth weight is one of the major determinants of perinatal survival, infant morbidity, and mortality. There are only few published reports on assessment of low birth weight in Ethiopia and the determinants of low birth weight have not been well characterized. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess determinants of low birth weight among live birth newborns delivered at public hospitals in Gamo Gofa Zone, South Ethiopia. Methods: Institution-based case control study was conducted from February 25 to April 25, 2018 and consecutively selected 60 cases and 240 controls were enrolled in this study. The data were collected using face-to-face interview and review of medical records. Moreover, we have measured the newborns’ birth weight using a standard weight scale and mother’s mid-upper arm circumference using a standard World Health Organization mid-upper arm circumference measuring tape. Statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 300 newborns were included in the study. Late antenatal care booking (adjusted odds ratio = 1.87, confidence interval = [1.32–2.6]), birth interval <2 years (adjusted odds ratio = 0.385, confidence interval = [0.176–0.83]), anemia (adjusted odds ratio = 4.4, confidence interval = [1.84–10.5]), mid-upper arm circumference <23 cm (adjusted odds ratio = 7.99, confidence interval = [3.5–20.3]), nutritional counseling (adjusted odds ratio = 5.85, confidence interval = [2.14–14.8]), and husband smoking (adjusted odds ratio = 4.73; confidence interval = [1.42–15.7]) were found to be determinant factors of low birth weight. Conclusion: Most of the determining factors of low birth weight were preventable. Therefore, clinical and public health interventions should target on those determinant factors to prevent its adverse effects.

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Regular STI testing amongst men who have sex with men and use social media is suboptimal – a cross-sectional study

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462416636780 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 573-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jamie Frankis ◽

Lisa Goodall ◽

Dan Clutterbuck ◽

Abdul-Razak Abubakari ◽

Paul Flowers

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Sex Partners ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Sti Testing ◽

Male Sex ◽

Sex With Men

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) disproportionately affect men who have sex with men, with marked increases in most STIs in recent years. These are likely underpinned by coterminous increases in behavioural risks which have coincided with the development of Internet and geospatial sociosexual networking. Current guidelines advocate regular, annual sexually transmitted infection testing amongst sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM), as opposed to symptom-driven testing. This paper explores sexually transmitted infection testing regularity amongst MSM who use social and sociosexual media. Data were collected from 2668 men in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, recruited via social and gay sociosexual media. Only one-third of participants report regular (yearly or more frequent) STI testing, despite relatively high levels of male sex partners, condomless anal intercourse and high-risk unprotected anal intercourse. The following variables were associated with regular STI testing; being more ‘out’ (adjusted odds ratio = 1.79; confidence interval = 1.20–2.68), HIV-positive (adjusted odds ratio = 14.11; confidence interval = 7.03–28.32); reporting ≥10 male sex partners (adjusted odds ratio = 2.15; confidence interval = 1.47–3.14) or regular HIV testing (adjusted odds ratio = 48.44; confidence interval = 28.27–83.01). Men reporting long-term sickness absence from work/carers (adjusted odds ratio = 0.03; confidence interval = 0.00–0.48) and men aged ≤25 years (adjusted odds ratio = 0.36; 95% confidence interval = 0.19–0.69) were less likely to test regularly for STIs. As such, we identify a complex interplay of social, health and behavioural factors that each contribute to men’s STI testing behaviours. In concert, these data suggest that the syndemics placing men at elevated risk may also mitigate against access to testing and prevention services. Moreover, successful reduction of STI transmission amongst MSM will necessitate a comprehensive range of approaches which address these multiple interrelated factors that underpin MSM's STI testing.

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Abstract MP031: Birth Weight, Genetic-Susceptibility and Adulthood Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.amp031 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Yanping Li ◽

Qibin Qi ◽

Tsegaselassie Workalemahu ◽

Frank B Hu ◽

Lu Qi

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Genetic Susceptibility ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

High Birth Weight ◽

Genotype Score

Background: Both stressful intrauterine milieus and genetic susceptibility have been linked to later life diabetes risk. The present study aims to examine the interaction between low birth weight, a surrogate measure of stressful intrauterine milieus, and genetic susceptibility in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Methods: The analysis included two independent, nested case-control studies of in total 2591 cases of type 2 diabetes and 3052 healthy controls from prospective cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). We developed 2 genotype scores using susceptibility loci recently identified through Genome Wide Association Studies: 1) an ‘obesity genotype score’ based on 32 BMI-predisposing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); and 2) a ‘diabetes genotype score’ based on 35 diabetes-predisposing SNPs. Results: Both the obesity genotype score and diabetes genotype score showed consistently significant association with risk of type 2 diabetes in NHS and HPFS ( P for trend < 0.01). In the pooled sample of the two cohorts, we found significant interaction between birth weight and obesity genotype score in relation to type 2 diabetes ( P for interaction=0.017). In low birth weight individuals (≤ 2.5 kg), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–4.84) in the comparison of the highest with the lowest quartile of the obesity genotype score, while the OR was 1.27 (95%CI: 1.04–1.55) among individuals with birth weight above 2.5kg. Diabetes genotype score also showed stronger association with type 2 diabetes risk in individuals with low birth weight than those with high birth weight. Comparing individuals of the highest with the lowest quartile of the diabetes genotype score, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio was 3.80 (95%CI: 1.76–8.24) among individuals with low birth weight and was 2.27 (95%CI: 1.82–2.83) among those with high birth weight. However, test for interaction was marginal ( P =0.16). Conclusion: Our data suggest low birth weight and genetic susceptibility to obesity may synergistically affect adulthood risk of type 2 diabetes.

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Association Study between the Polymorphisms of Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) Genes and Idiopathic Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes10050347 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 347 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Han Sung Park ◽

Ki Han Ko ◽

Jung Oh Kim ◽

Hui Jeong An ◽

Young Ran Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Genotype Combination ◽

History Of ◽

Consecutive Pregnancy

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to two or more consecutive pregnancy losses. It is estimated that fewer than 5% of women experience RPL. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic enzymes that play important roles in providing a safe and conducive environment for the stable development of the fetus. In this case-control study, we evaluated the associations between RPL and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MMP-8 and MMP-27. We recruited 375 Korean women with a history of RPL and 240 ethnically-matched healthy parous controls, and we performed genotyping for the MMP-8 rs2509013 C>T, MMP-8 rs11225395 G>A, and MMP-27 rs3809017 T>C polymorphisms. All SNPs were genotyped via the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. In the genotype frequency analyses, the TT genotype of the MMP-8 rs2509013 C>T (age-adjusted odds ratio, 0.415; 95% confidence interval, 0.257–0.671; P = 0.0003) and TC genotype of MMP-27 rs3809017 T>C (age-adjusted odds ratio, 0.681; 95% confidence interval, 0.483–0.961; P = 0.029) were associated with decreased RPL susceptibility. Moreover, these trends were maintained in the haplotype and genotype combination analyses. Interestingly, amongst the RPL patients, higher levels of homocysteine (P = 0.042) and uric acid (P = 0.046) were associated with MMP-27 rs3809017 T>C. In conclusion, the two polymorphisms of MMP-8 and MMP-27 were significantly associated with RPL risk, both individually and in combination. Therefore, these two polymorphisms are potential biomarkers for RPL susceptibility.

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Carcaterísticas maternas e desfechos adversos perinatais relacionados ao baixo peso ao nascer

Archives of Health ◽

10.46919/archv2n6-001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 1477-1489

Author(s):

Mateus de Miranda Gauza ◽

Rodrigo Ribeiro e Silva ◽

Júlia Opolski Nunes Da Silva ◽

Matheus Leite Ramos De Souza ◽

João Pedro Ribeiro Baptista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Maternal Characteristics ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Low Weight ◽

Neonatal Icu

Objetivo: Avaliar as características maternas e desfechos adversos perinatais relacionados ao baixo peso ao nascer. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo caso controle, realizado na Maternidade Darcy Vargas em Joinville–SC, período de março de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019 através de amostra randomizada composta de 722 puérperas que realizaram o acompanhamento pré-natal exclusivamente em Atenção Primária à Saúde, divididas em 2 grupos: pacientes com recém-nascidos de baixo peso e pacientes com recém-nascidos de peso normal. No cálculo de razão de chance, os valores foram considerados significativos quando P<0,05. Adotou-se prematuridade como fator de confusão. Resultados: Dividiu-se a população em dois grupos, pacientes com recém-nascidos de baixo peso (33/4,57%) e com recém-nascidos de peso normal (689/95,43%). Características maternas diferiram quanto ao número de pessoas na casa, o número de consultas, o uso de tabaco e drogas na gestação e incidência de doença hipertensiva específica da gestação. Após o cálculo de razão de chance ajustado, observou-se que o fumo aumenta a chance de baixo peso ao nascer em 6,5 vezes (IC95% 1,375-31,250). Os recém-nascidos foram diferentes no capurro, peso, Apgar de 1º e 5º minuto, prematuridade, necessidade de UTI neonatal e Apgar baixo de 1º minuto. No cálculo de razão de chance ajustado, o baixo peso aumentou a chance de UTI neonatal em 5,3 vezes (IC95% 1,039-27,523). Conclusão: O fumo durante a gestação eleva a chance de baixo peso ao nascer em 6,5 vezes. Ademais, o baixo peso ao nascer eleva em 5,3 vezes as chances de internação em UTI neonatal. Objective: To assess maternal characteristics and adverse outcomes related to low birth weight. Methods: This is a case control study, carried out at Maternidade Darcy Vargas in Joinville-SC, from March 2018 to February 2019 through a random sample composed of 722 puerperal women who underwent prenatal care exclusively in Primary Health Care, divided into 2 groups: patients with low birth weight newborns and patients with normal weight newborns. In calculating the odds ratio, values were considered significant when P <0.05. Prematurity was adopted as a confounding factor. Results: The population was divided into two groups, patients with low birth weight newborns (33 / 4.57%) and normal weight newborns (689 / 95.43%). Maternal characteristics differed in terms of the number of people in the household, the number of consultations, the use of tobacco and drugs during pregnancy and the incidence of pregnancy-specific hypertensive disease. After calculating the adjusted odds ratio, it was observed that smoking increases the chance of low birth weight 6.5 folds (95% CI 1.375-31.250). The newborns were different in capurro, weight, 1st and 5th minute Apgar, prematurity, need for neonatal ICU and low 1st minute Apgar. In the adjusted odds ratio calculation, low weight increased the chance of neonatal ICU 5.3 folds (95% CI 1.039-27.523). Conclusion: Smoking during pregnancy increases the chance of low birth weight 6.5 folds. Furthermore, low birth weight increases the chances of admission to the neonatal ICU 5.3 folds.

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Dementia is Associated With Poorer Quality of Care and Outcomes After Stroke: An Observational Study

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa139 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Michele L Callisaya ◽

Tara Purvis ◽

Katherine Lawler ◽

Amy Brodtmann ◽

Dominique A Cadilhac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Quality Of Care ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Processes Of Care ◽

Pooled Data ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Assess Quality

Abstract Background To determine whether preexisting dementia is associated with poorer quality of care and outcomes after stroke in the acute hospital phase. Method This was a retrospective analysis of pooled data from the Australian Stroke Foundation national audit conducted in 2015 and 2017. Dementia status was obtained from the medical records. Processes of care to assess quality included: stroke unit care, time-dependent therapy, nursing/allied health assessments, and preparation for discharge. Outcomes included in-hospital complications, independence on discharge, and destination. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between dementia status and processes of care. Multilevel random effects logistic regression, with level defined as hospital, was used to examine associations between dementia status and outcomes. Results There were 683/7,070 (9.7%) audited patients with dementia included. Patients with dementia were less likely to be treated in stroke units (58.3% vs 70.6%), receive thrombolysis if an ischemic stroke (5.8% vs 11.1%), have access within 48 hours to physiotherapy (56.4% vs 69.7%) or occupational therapy (46.8% vs 55.6%), see a dietitian if problems with nutrition (64.4% vs 75.9%), or have mood assessed (2.6% vs 12.3%). Patients with dementia were more likely to receive no rehabilitation (adjusted odds ratio 1.88, 95% confidence interval 1.25, 2.83) and be discharged to residential care (adjusted odds ratio 2.36, 95% confidence interval 1.50, 3.72). Conclusion People with dementia received poorer quality of care and had worse outcomes after stroke. Our findings raise questions regarding equity and the need for better understanding of why the quality of care differs after stroke for people with dementia.

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Perinatal Factors Associated with Infant Maltreatment

Clinical medicine Pediatrics ◽

10.4137/cmped.s980 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. CMPed.S980 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Takeo Fujiwara ◽

Makiko Okuyama ◽

Haley Tsui ◽

Karestan C. Koenen

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Z Score ◽

Increased Risk

Background The association between birth outcomes and child maltreatment remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to test whether infants without congenital or chronic disease who are low birth weight (LBW), preterm, or small for gestational age (SGA) are at an increased risk of being maltreated. Methods A hospital-based case-control study of infants without congenital or chronic diseases who visited the National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, between April 1, 2002 and March 31, 2005 was conducted. Cases (N = 35) and controls (N = 29) were compared on mean birth weight, gestational age, and z-score of birth weight. Results SGA was significantly associated with infant maltreatment after adjusting for other risk factors (adjusted odds ratio: 4.45, 95% CI: 1.29–15.3). LBW and preterm births were not associated with infant maltreatment. Conclusion Infants born as SGA are 4.5 times more at risk of maltreatment, even if they do not have a congenital or chronic disease. This may be because SGA infants tend to have poorer neurological development which leads them to be hard-to-soothe and places them at risk for maltreatment. Abbreviations SCAN, Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect; LBW, low birth weight; ZBW, z-score of birth weight adjusted for gestational age, sex, and parity; SGA, small for gestational age; SD, standard deviation; OR, odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IPV, intimate partner violence.

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Predictors of Preterm Birth among Mothers Who Gave Birth in Silte Zone Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2021/1706713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Jida Ali Hassen ◽

Mengistu Nunemo Handiso ◽

Bitiya Wossen Admassu

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Obstetric Complication ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Interpregnancy Interval ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

History Of

Background. A preterm birth is the leading cause of death in both neonatal and children under five years of age every year throughout the world, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The causes of a preterm birth are complex and multifactorial; many risk factors that contribute it are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of a preterm birth among mothers who gave birth in Silte Zone Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia (2019/20). Methods and Materials. A hospital-based unmatched case-control study design was carried out from July 15th to October 30th, 2019, by assigning mothers who gave preterm births as cases and those with term births as controls. A total of 365 respondents (91 cases and 274 controls) were selected by a consecutive simple random sampling until the required sample size was achieved. For each case, three consecutive controls were included. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire complement with record reviewing. The data were entered into Epi Info 7 and exported into SPSS 25 for analysis. Descriptive analysis was computed to obtain summary values for cases and controls separately. All candidate variables in bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model by using the backward likelihood ratio selection methods. Finally, variables with p value ≤ 0.05 were considered as potential determinants of a preterm birth and reported in the form of adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results. Among a total of 365 mothers who gave live birth, 91 (24.9%) were cases compared to 274 (75.1%) which were controls. The final multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that having history of a previous preterm birth ( AOR = 3.51 ; 95 % CI = 1.40 − 8.81 ), having shorter interpregnancy interval ( AOR = 4.46 ; 95 % CI = 1.95 − 10.21 ), experiencing obstetric complication ( AOR = 3.82 ; 95 % CI = 1.62 − 9.00 ), and having infant born with low birth weight ( AOR = 5.58 ; 95 % CI = 2.39 − 13.03 ) were found to be independent predictors of a preterm birth. Conclusions. According to this finding, mothers having previous history of a preterm birth, experiencing obstetric complication, having shorter interpregnancy interval, and having infant born with low birth weight were reported as the independent predictors of a preterm birth. Improving the quality of antepartum and intrapartum, counseling on birth space, creating awareness on family planning, and early screening of preterm determinants are mandatory.

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