scholarly journals Stunting at birth and associated factors among newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245528
Author(s):  
Almaz Tefera Gonete ◽  
Bogale Kassahun ◽  
Eskedar Getie Mekonnen ◽  
Wubet Worku Takele
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The University

Background Stunting at birth is a chronic form of undernutrition majorly attributable to poor prenatal nutrition, which could persist in children’s later life and impact their physical and cognitive health. Although multiple studies have been conducted in Ethiopia to show the magnitude of stunting and factors, all are concentrated on children aged between 6 to 59 months. Therefore, this study was done to determine the prevalence and associated factors of stunting at birth among newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 26th to April 25th/2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used, to select a total of 422 newborn-mother pairs. The binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with stunting and all independent variables were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model to adjust for confounders. Variables that had significant association were identified based on p-value < 0.05 and the adjusted odds ratio with its respective 95% confidence interval was applied to determine the strength as well as the direction of the association. Results About 30.5% (95% CI: 26.3%, 35.1%) of newborns were stunted at birth. Being male [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.9(1.62, 5.21)], newborns conceived in Kiremt(rainy season) [AOR = 2.7(1.49, 4.97)], being low birth weight [AOR = 3.1(1.64, 6.06)] were factors associated with stunting at birth. Likewise, newborns born to short stature mothers [AOR = 2.8(1.21, 6.62)] and chronically malnourished mothers [AOR = 15.3(8.12, 29.1)] were at greater risk of being stunted. Conclusion Just under a third of newborns are stunted at birth, implying a pressing public health problem. Newborns born to chronically malnourished and short stature mothers were more stunted. Besides, stunting was prevalently observed among male neonates, newborns conceived in Kiremet, and being low birth weight. Thus, policymakers and nutrition programmers should work on preventing maternal undernutrition through nutrition education to reduce the burden of low birth weight and stunting. Further, paying due attention to newborns conceived in Kiremet season to improve nutritional status is recommended.

scholarly journals Determinants of neonatal sepsis among neonates delivered in Southwest Ethiopia 2018: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110270
Author(s):  
Dejene Edosa Dirirsa ◽  
Bekem Dibaba Degefa ◽  
Alemayehu Dessale Gonfa
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is one of the principal causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. In spite of interventions with different preventive methods, the burden of neonatal sepsis is being reported in different parts of Ethiopia. For further interventions, identifying its determinants is found to be essential. Objective: The study aimed to assess the determinants of neonatal sepsis among neonates delivered in Southwest Ethiopia in 2018. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Southwest Ethiopia from May 2018 to August 2018. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants; Cases were neonates diagnosed with sepsis and controls were neonates without sepsis. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Bi-variable logistic regression was used to identify determinants of neonatal sepsis and those variables with a p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered as significantly associated at a 95% confidence interval. Results: The findings from the multivariable logistic regression revealed that history of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 9.2 [1.1, 19.8]), history of foul-smelling liquor (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.2 [1.2, 22.3]), history of maternal sexually transmitted infection/urinary tract infection (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval[ = 4.7 [1.1, 19.7]), history of vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 4.7 [1.11, 20]), and low birth weight (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.3 [1.3, 28.9]) were identified as determinants of neonatal sepsis. Conclusion: Generally, history of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, foul-smelling liquor, maternal history of the sexually transmitted disease, urinary tract infection, low birth weight, and the vascular catheter was identified as determinants of neonatal sepsis. Health education should be provided for pregnant mothers regarding health care-seeking behavior. Similarly, diagnoses and care should be accessible on time for foul-smelling liquor, premature rupture of membrane, and low birth weight.

scholarly journals Severe stunting and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia; multilevel ordinal logistic regression model

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Muche ◽  
Reta Dewau
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Maternal Height ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Model

Abstract Background In Ethiopia, stunting is the most common form of undernutriton. Identifying the determinants of severe stunting among children is crucial for public health interventions to improve child health. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of severe stunting among under-five children in Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A two stage stratified cluster sampling technique was used. A multilevel ordinal logistic regression model was fitted to identify independent determinants. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and median odds ratio (MOR) with its 95% confidence interval at p-value< 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Results The result of this study showed that about 18% of the children were severely stunted. Being male increased the severity of stunting in children by 26% adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.26 (95% CI: 1.09–1.46), compared to female sex; over-weight mothers increased the severity of stunting in their children AOR: 3.43 (95% CI: 2.21–5.33) compared to normal BMI mothers; and children from middle, poorer, and poorest wealth index households were 1.84 (95% CI:1.27–2.67), 2.13 (95% CI, CI:1.45–3.14) and 2.52 (95% CI,1.72–3.68). In contrast, severe stunting was reduced by 62% (AOR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.20–0.74) and 48% (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37–0.72) in children of educated mothers compared to children of uneducated mothers and children of underweight mothers compared with those children of normal BMI mothers respectively. For each one-unit increase in maternal height, there is a 5% significant reduction in the child’s odds of being severely stunted. After controlling for other factors, the effect of predictors on the likelihood of stunting in high risk clusters increased by a median odds ratio (MOR) of 1.83 (95% CI: 1.69–2.00). Conclusions The magnitude of severe childhood stunting was still high with regional variation in Ethiopia. Child age, sex, maternal height, age, education and household wealth index as well as administrative regions were significantly associated factors with severe stunting. Significant interventions shall be implemented at the individual, household and community levels in order to reduce the problem.

scholarly journals Analysis models for variables associated with breastfeeding duration

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Theodoro dos S. Neto ◽  
Eliana Zandonade ◽  
Adauto Oliveira Emmerich
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with breastfeeding duration by two statistical models. METHODS A population-based cohort study was conducted with 86 mothers and newborns from two areas primary covered by the National Health System, with high rates of infant mortality in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. During 30 months, 67 (78%) children and mothers were visited seven times at home by trained interviewers, who filled out survey forms. Data on food and sucking habits, socioeconomic and maternal characteristics were collected. Variables were analyzed by Cox regression models, considering duration of breastfeeding as the dependent variable, and logistic regression (dependent variables, was the presence of a breastfeeding child in different post-natal ages). RESULTS In the logistic regression model, the pacifier sucking (adjusted Odds Ratio: 3.4; 95%CI 1.2-9.55) and bottle feeding (adjusted Odds Ratio: 4.4; 95%CI 1.6-12.1) increased the chance of weaning a child before one year of age. Variables associated to breastfeeding duration in the Cox regression model were: pacifier sucking (adjusted Hazard Ratio 2.0; 95%CI 1.2-3.3) and bottle feeding (adjusted Hazard Ratio 2.0; 95%CI 1.2-3.5). However, protective factors (maternal age and family income) differed between both models. CONCLUSIONS Risk and protective factors associated with cessation of breastfeeding may be analyzed by different models of statistical regression. Cox Regression Models are adequate to analyze such factors in longitudinal studies.

Abstract MP031: Birth Weight, Genetic-Susceptibility and Adulthood Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Li ◽  
Qibin Qi ◽  
Tsegaselassie Workalemahu ◽  
Frank B Hu ◽  
Lu Qi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Genotype Score

Background: Both stressful intrauterine milieus and genetic susceptibility have been linked to later life diabetes risk. The present study aims to examine the interaction between low birth weight, a surrogate measure of stressful intrauterine milieus, and genetic susceptibility in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Methods: The analysis included two independent, nested case-control studies of in total 2591 cases of type 2 diabetes and 3052 healthy controls from prospective cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). We developed 2 genotype scores using susceptibility loci recently identified through Genome Wide Association Studies: 1) an ‘obesity genotype score’ based on 32 BMI-predisposing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); and 2) a ‘diabetes genotype score’ based on 35 diabetes-predisposing SNPs. Results: Both the obesity genotype score and diabetes genotype score showed consistently significant association with risk of type 2 diabetes in NHS and HPFS ( P for trend < 0.01). In the pooled sample of the two cohorts, we found significant interaction between birth weight and obesity genotype score in relation to type 2 diabetes ( P for interaction=0.017). In low birth weight individuals (≤ 2.5 kg), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–4.84) in the comparison of the highest with the lowest quartile of the obesity genotype score, while the OR was 1.27 (95%CI: 1.04–1.55) among individuals with birth weight above 2.5kg. Diabetes genotype score also showed stronger association with type 2 diabetes risk in individuals with low birth weight than those with high birth weight. Comparing individuals of the highest with the lowest quartile of the diabetes genotype score, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio was 3.80 (95%CI: 1.76–8.24) among individuals with low birth weight and was 2.27 (95%CI: 1.82–2.83) among those with high birth weight. However, test for interaction was marginal ( P =0.16). Conclusion: Our data suggest low birth weight and genetic susceptibility to obesity may synergistically affect adulthood risk of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Low Birth Weight and Associated Factors among Newborns Delivered in Dangla Primary Hospital, Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmare Talie ◽  
Mekuanint Taddele ◽  
Mulunesh Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Previous History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Primary Hospital

Background. Low birth weight is defined as a live born infant weighs less than 2 500 g regardless of gestational age. Globally, the prevalence of low birth weight ranges from 3% to 15%. Birth weight plays an important role in infant mortality, morbidity, development, and future health. The prevalence of low birth weight in Ethiopia was estimated to be 14% which is one of the highest percentages in the world. So, the aim of this study is to assess magnitude and associated factors of low birth weight among newborns delivered at Dangla Primary Hospital, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Dangla Primary Hospital from September 27 to June 10, 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the 232 study participants. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Data quality was assured by pretesting, training, and frequent supervision. Descriptive statistics were performed for the descriptive part of the study. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of low birth weight. Those variables and p-value < 0.25 were included in the multivariable logistic regression for controlling the possible effect of confounders. Finally, variables which had significant association were identified on the basis of AOR, with 95%CI and with P-value <0.05. Results. Magnitude of low birth weight was 10.3 %. Previous history of low birth weight [AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: (1.13-9.9)], additional food intake during the last pregnancy [AOR = 5.0, 95% CI: (1.2-16.2)], and preterm delivery [AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: (3.1-19.2)] were independent predictors of low birth weight. Conclusion. Magnitude of low birth weight in Dangla Primary Hospital was high. So, strengthening counseling systems for women through quality antenatal care on advantage of additional food intake and previous bad obstetric outcome is necessary to alleviate the delivery of low birth weight neonates in the study area.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Neonatal Hypothermia within Six Hours of Birth among Newborns in Pokhara

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1150-120
Author(s):  
Rita Adhikari ◽  
Radhika Regmi ◽  
Babita Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Neonatal Hypothermia

Background: Hypothermia is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Persistent hypothermia leads to cold injury that results edema, scleroderma, pulmonary hemorrhage, jaundice and death. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal hypothermia among newborns within six hours of Birth in Pokhara. Methods: The institutional based quantitative descriptive cross sectional study was done among 402 systematic randomly selected respondents by using structured format and digital thermometer MT 100 after taking ethical approval from Nepal Health Research Council and Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done for the variables (p<0.25) in bivariate analysis. The variables (p< 0.05) with Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) at 95% CI in the multivariate logistic regression was considered as independent associated variables. Results: The prevalence of neonatal hypothermia in the study area was about 43 percent. The significant independent factors of neonatal hypothermia were maternal age after 35 years (p=0.03, AOR: 4.087, 95% CI: 1.12-14.97), inadequate antenatal care (p=0.03, AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.94), low birth weight (p=0.00, AOR: 0.433, 95% CI: 0.24- 0.77) and resuscitated babies at birth (p =0.00, AOR: 3.808)95% CI: 1.69- 4.65). Conclusion: Out of 10 births, four babies were hypothermic in study site. Mother’s age more than 35 years, inadequate antenatal care, low birth weight and resuscitation at birth were associated factors of Neonatal hypothermia. So, special care is necessary for low birth weight babies and during resuscitation.

scholarly journals Carcaterísticas maternas e desfechos adversos perinatais relacionados ao baixo peso ao nascer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1477-1489
Author(s):  
Mateus de Miranda Gauza ◽  
Rodrigo Ribeiro e Silva ◽  
Júlia Opolski Nunes Da Silva ◽  
Matheus Leite Ramos De Souza ◽  
João Pedro Ribeiro Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Neonatal Icu

Objetivo: Avaliar as características maternas e desfechos adversos perinatais relacionados ao baixo peso ao nascer. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo caso controle, realizado na Maternidade Darcy Vargas em Joinville–SC, período de março de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019 através de amostra randomizada composta de 722 puérperas que realizaram o acompanhamento pré-natal exclusivamente em Atenção Primária à Saúde, divididas em 2 grupos: pacientes com recém-nascidos de baixo peso e pacientes com recém-nascidos de peso normal. No cálculo de razão de chance, os valores foram considerados significativos quando P<0,05. Adotou-se prematuridade como fator de confusão. Resultados: Dividiu-se a população em dois grupos, pacientes com recém-nascidos de baixo peso (33/4,57%) e com recém-nascidos de peso normal (689/95,43%). Características maternas diferiram quanto ao número de pessoas na casa, o número de consultas, o uso de tabaco e drogas na gestação e incidência de doença hipertensiva específica da gestação. Após o cálculo de razão de chance ajustado, observou-se que o fumo aumenta a chance de baixo peso ao nascer em 6,5 vezes (IC95% 1,375-31,250). Os recém-nascidos foram diferentes no capurro, peso, Apgar de 1º e 5º minuto, prematuridade, necessidade de UTI neonatal e Apgar baixo de 1º minuto. No cálculo de razão de chance ajustado, o baixo peso aumentou a chance de UTI neonatal em 5,3 vezes (IC95% 1,039-27,523). Conclusão: O fumo durante a gestação eleva a chance de baixo peso ao nascer em 6,5 vezes. Ademais, o baixo peso ao nascer eleva em 5,3 vezes as chances de internação em UTI neonatal.   Objective: To assess maternal characteristics and adverse outcomes related to low birth weight. Methods: This is a case control study, carried out at Maternidade Darcy Vargas in Joinville-SC, from March 2018 to February 2019 through a random sample composed of 722 puerperal women who underwent prenatal care exclusively in Primary Health Care, divided into 2 groups: patients with low birth weight newborns and patients with normal weight newborns. In calculating the odds ratio, values were considered significant when P <0.05. Prematurity was adopted as a confounding factor. Results: The population was divided into two groups, patients with low birth weight newborns (33 / 4.57%) and normal weight newborns (689 / 95.43%). Maternal characteristics differed in terms of the number of people in the household, the number of consultations, the use of tobacco and drugs during pregnancy and the incidence of pregnancy-specific hypertensive disease. After calculating the adjusted odds ratio, it was observed that smoking increases the chance of low birth weight 6.5 folds (95% CI 1.375-31.250). The newborns were different in capurro, weight, 1st and 5th minute Apgar, prematurity, need for neonatal ICU and low 1st minute Apgar. In the adjusted odds ratio calculation, low weight increased the chance of neonatal ICU 5.3 folds (95% CI 1.039-27.523). Conclusion: Smoking during pregnancy increases the chance of low birth weight 6.5 folds. Furthermore, low birth weight increases the chances of admission to the neonatal ICU 5.3 folds.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Increased Dissemination of Positive Mental Health Messaging On Social Media

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Sumner ◽  
Daniel A. Bowen ◽  
Brad Bartholow
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Linguistic Style ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract. Background: The dissemination of positive messages about mental health is a key goal of organizations and individuals. Aims: Our aim was to examine factors that predict increased dissemination of such messages. Method: We analyzed 10,998 positive messages authored on Twitter and studied factors associated with messages that are shared (re-tweeted) using logistic regression. Characteristics of the account, message, linguistic style, sentiment, and topic were examined. Results: Less than one third of positive messages (31.7%) were shared at least once. In adjusted models, accounts that posted a greater number of messages were less likely to have any single message shared. Messages about military-related topics were 60% more likely to be shared (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.6, 95% CI [1.1, 2.1]) as well as messages containing achievement-related keywords (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.3, 1.9]). Conversely, positive messages explicitly addressing eating/food, appearance, and sad affective states were less likely to be shared. Multiple other message characteristics influenced sharing. Limitations: Only messages on a single platform and over a focused period of time were analyzed. Conclusion: A knowledge of factors affecting dissemination of positive mental health messages may aid organizations and individuals seeking to promote such messages online.

scholarly journals Perinatal Factors Associated with Infant Maltreatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CMPed.S980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Fujiwara ◽  
Makiko Okuyama ◽  
Haley Tsui ◽  
Karestan C. Koenen
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Increased Risk

Background The association between birth outcomes and child maltreatment remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to test whether infants without congenital or chronic disease who are low birth weight (LBW), preterm, or small for gestational age (SGA) are at an increased risk of being maltreated. Methods A hospital-based case-control study of infants without congenital or chronic diseases who visited the National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, between April 1, 2002 and March 31, 2005 was conducted. Cases (N = 35) and controls (N = 29) were compared on mean birth weight, gestational age, and z-score of birth weight. Results SGA was significantly associated with infant maltreatment after adjusting for other risk factors (adjusted odds ratio: 4.45, 95% CI: 1.29–15.3). LBW and preterm births were not associated with infant maltreatment. Conclusion Infants born as SGA are 4.5 times more at risk of maltreatment, even if they do not have a congenital or chronic disease. This may be because SGA infants tend to have poorer neurological development which leads them to be hard-to-soothe and places them at risk for maltreatment. Abbreviations SCAN, Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect; LBW, low birth weight; ZBW, z-score of birth weight adjusted for gestational age, sex, and parity; SGA, small for gestational age; SD, standard deviation; OR, odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IPV, intimate partner violence.

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