Relationship between medication adherence and psychosocial adjustment in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Duygu Kes ◽  
Feray Gökdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Large City ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
The Relationship

Adherence to drug treatment is a multidimensional concept. It is affected by many factors, such as physiological, psychological, family, environmental and social conditions. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between adherence to medication and psychosocial adjustment. The aim was to explore the relationship between adherence to antidiabetic drugs and the psychosocial adjustment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted between March and June 2018. A convenience sample of participants was recruited from seven internal disease outpatient clinics at a public tertiary hospital, located in a large city that serves as a gateway to nearby rural and urban areas in the north-west region of Turkey. Data were collected using the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS-7), and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale–Self Report (PAIS–SR). This study is reported in accordance with STROBE. Pearson’s correlation analysis found a significant weak positive correlation between all domains of the PAIS–SR and the total scores on the ARMS‐7. The participants’ scores on medication refill were found to be significantly and positively correlated with all of the PAIS–SR domain scores except the sexual relationships domain. Psychosocial care could play a crucial role in improving drug regimen adherence among patients with diabetes. Therefore, nurses should integrate psychosocial care into daily practice.

scholarly journals Home-Measured Blood Pressure Is Associated with Handgrip Strength in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The KAMOGAWA-HBP Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Tomonori Kimura ◽  
Emi Ushigome ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Naoko Nakanishi ◽  
Masahide Hamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
At Home

The association between blood pressure measured at home and handgrip strength in patients with diabetes has not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess this association among patients with type 2 diabetes. In this cross-sectional study, 157 patients with type 2 diabetes underwent muscle tests and morning and evening blood-pressure measurements at home in triplicate for 14 consecutive days throughout the study period. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to analyze the relationship between home blood-pressure parameters and handgrip strength. The average age and hemoglobin A1c of the patients were 70.5 years and 7.1%, respectively. Morning diastolic blood pressure of [β (95% confidence interval; CI): 0.20 (0.03, 0.37)] was associated with handgrip strength in men, while morning systolic blood pressure of [−0.09 (−0.15, −0.04)], morning pulse pressure of [−0.14 (−0.21, −0.08)], and evening pulse pressure of [−0.12 (−0.19, −0.04)] were associated with handgrip strength in women. Home-measured blood pressure was associated with handgrip strength. Sex differences were found in the relationship between home blood-pressure parameters and handgrip strength.

scholarly journals Adherence to medication among Tunisian adults with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Amara ◽  
R Ghammem ◽  
N Zammit ◽  
S BenFredj ◽  
J Maatoug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adherence To Medication

Abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health concern. Despite compelling evidence about the effectiveness of medications, studies have indicated that less than 50% of patients achieved therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to assess the adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment and its determinants. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2017 in the Endocrinology and internal medicine departments of Farhat Hached University Hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. A convenient sample of patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria was recruited. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to gather information. This was followed by assessing patients' adherence to diabetes medications using the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Results A total of 330 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus participated in this study. The mean ±SD age of patients was 58.96±10.3 with female predominance (60.3%). More than half of participants were with high cardiovascular risk. In most cases (70.6 %), participants were moderate adherent. Results showed that patients become non-adherent as the disease gets older (p = 0.001). In addition patients with health insurance were significantly more adherent comparing to those who did not have it (p = 0.01). Regarding self-care practices and other metabolic risk factors' effects, our data revealed that exercising 30 minutes below than 5 times in week and poor self-management of diet were associated with low adherence (p < 10-3). On the other hand, patients who have started insulin therapy were less adherent than those who had not yet (0.01). Patients with diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy were significantly more prone to be non- adherent, with respective percentage of 39.1% and 37.5%. Conclusions This study provides insights into the determinants of non-adherence, ultimately guiding the effective interventions through development of structured long-term policies not yet implemented. Key messages In most cases (70.6 %), participants were moderate adherent. Patients with diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy were significantly more prone to be non- adherent.

Extended Breastfeeding in Poland: Knowledge of Health Care Providers and Attitudes on Breastfeeding Beyond Infancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Baranowska ◽  
Marta Malinowska ◽  
Ewelina Stanaszek ◽  
Dorota Sys ◽  
Grażyna Bączek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Extended breastfeeding is rare in Poland, and lack of acceptance and understanding is often evident in public opinion. The ability to provide reliable information about breastfeeding beyond infancy depends on health professionals’ levels of knowledge and attitudes. They are considered by most parents in Poland to be authorities in the field of child nutrition. Research aims: To determine (1) the level of knowledge and the attitudes of Polish health professionals towards extended breastfeeding; (2) the relationship between personal breastfeeding experience and attitudes towards extended breastfeeding; and (3) the relationship between knowledge about breastfeeding beyond twelve months and attitudes towards breastfeeding beyond infancy. Methods: A one-group prospective, cross-sectional, self-report style survey was used. The convenience sample ( N = 495) comprised gynaecologists, neonatologists and midwives. Data were collected via an online questionnaire and the results were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics, a chi-square independence test, Fisher’s exact test, post-hoc testing, and two-part tables using SPSS. Results: Most of the respondents (76.7%; n = 384) had a low level of knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding beyond twelve months and even emphasized that this nutritional choice could have negative impacts. There was a positive correlation ( F = 105.847; p = < .01) between levels of knowledge and respondents’ attitudes towards breastfeeding beyond infancy. Attitudes were also influenced by the length of time respondents had breastfed. Conclusion: Healthcare providers have an insufficient level of knowledge about extended breastfeeding and need further education in this area.

scholarly journals Relationship of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Duration with The Occurrence of Erectile Dysfunction at Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Alexander Petra Sihite ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara ◽  
I Wayan Surudarma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that characterized by high blood sugar levels. This condition is often not noticed immediately and usually patient starting to realize it when complications have been occurred. A long-term complication of type 2 DM that occurred in men is erectile dysfunction (ED). ED is a condition when a person is unable to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse. One factor that influence the occurrence of ED and its severity in type 2 DM patients is the duration of the disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of type 2 DM duration and the occurrence of ED. Methods: This study is an observational analytic cross-sectional study conducted at the Puskesmas (Public Health Center) Denpasar Barat I. The research data was obtained through medical record data and fill the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire on 36 type 2 DM patients aged around 40-60 years. The statistical analysis used was Fisher's exact test. Results: The results showed that of the 36 samples, 19 (52.8%) samples had type 2 DM <24 months and 17 (47.2%) samples had type 2 DM >24 months. It was found that 5 (13.9%) samples did not experience ED while the rest experienced ED with different severity. There was a significant relationship between the type 2 DM duration and the occurrence of erectile dysfunction at Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I (p = 0.022). Conclusion: Study has found that type 2 DM patients with the longer duration (>24 months)  have a higher occurrence of ED and tended to be more severe compared to those with shorter duration (<24 months). Further studies should be performed with higher number of patients and more controlled risk factor so it will be more accurate in determining the relationship between the duration of type 2 DM and ED.

scholarly journals Association of Higher Circulating Insulin Antibody with Increased Mean Amplitude Glycemic Excursion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jian Zhu ◽  
Lu Yuan ◽  
Wen-ji Ni ◽  
Yong Luo ◽  
Jian-hua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Insulin antibody (IA) may potentially affect a patient’s glycemic control due to its variability in both binding and/or releasing insulin. However, the association between IA titer and daily glycemic variability (GV) is still unknown. We thus performed this cross-sectional, retrospective case-control study to assess the relationship between IA titer and mean amplitude glycemic excursion (MAGE) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system. We recruited 100 eligible patients (IA>5%, IA positive) and divided them into two groups—a low (L) group and a high (H) group—based on their IA titer. The control (C) group consisted of 47 patients (IA≤5%, IA negative) matched for age, BMI, gender, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The CGM determined the GV of enrolled patients. The primary outcome was the relationship between the IA titer and the MAGE, and the secondary outcome was the differences of GV among the three groups. We found that patients in the H group had higher levels of blood glucose fluctuation parameters than those in the L and C groups. The Ln(IA) was positively correlated with Ln(MAGE) even after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, HbA1c, and fasting and postprandial C-peptide(r=0.423, p<0.001). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that Ln(IA) was an independent factor of Ln(MAGE) (beta=0.405, p<0.001). In conclusion, the higher circulating IA titer was associated with increased MAGE in T2DM patients, indicating that those patients with elevated IA titer should receive GV assessment and individualized treatment.

scholarly journals Exposure to Chinese Famine in Fetal Life and the Risk of Dysglycemiain Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2210
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Weiyan Gong ◽  
Yanning Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Famine Exposure ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Undernutrition in early life may have a long consequence of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The current study was aimed to explore the association between famine exposure in fetal life during China’s Great Famine (1959–1961) and dysglycemia in adulthood. The cross-sectional data from 7830 adults from the 2010–2012 China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance was utilized. Participants who were born between 1960 and 1961 were selected as the exposed group, while the participants who were born in 1963 were selected as the unexposed group. Logistic regression was utilized to examine the relationship between fetal famine exposure and dysglycemia in adulthood. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the exposed and control group was 6.4% and 5.1%, respectively, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the exposed group was 1.23 times higher than that of the control group (95%CI, 1.01–1.50; P = 0.042) in adulthood, and 1.40 times in the severely affected area (95%CI, 1.11–1.76; P = 0.004). The fasting plasma glucose of the exposed group was higher than that of the control group, which was only found in the severely affected area (P = 0.014) and females (P = 0.037). The association between famine and impaired fasting glucose was observed only in females (OR 1.31, 95%CI, 1.01–1.70; P = 0.040). Our results suggested that fetal exposure to Chinese famine increased the risk of dysglycemia in adulthood. This association was stronger in the severely affected area and females.

scholarly journals Nutrient intakes and dysglycaemia in populations of West African origin

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon G. Anderson ◽  
Novie Younger ◽  
Adrian H. Heald ◽  
Marshall K. Tulloch-Reid ◽  
Wiyumile P. Simukonda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Examining the relationship between glucose intolerance and dietary intake in genetically similar populations with different dietary patterns and rates of type 2 diabetes may provide important insights into the role of diet in the pathogenesis of this disease. The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between dietary variables and dysglycaemia/type 2 diabetes among three populations of African origin. The study design consists of a cross-sectional study of men and women of African descent aged 24–74 years from Cameroon (n 1790), Jamaica (n 857) and Manchester, UK (n 258) who were not known to have diabetes. Each participant had anthropometric measurements and underwent a 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Habitual dietary intake was estimated with quantitative FFQ, developed specifically for each country. The age-adjusted prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Cameroon was low (1·1 %), but it was higher in Jamaica (11·6 %) and the UK (12·6 %). Adjusted generalised linear and latent mixed models used to obtain OR indicated that each 1·0 % increment in energy from protein, total fat and saturated fats significantly increased the odds of type 2 diabetes by 9 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·16) %, 5 (95 % CI, 1·01, 1·08) % and 16 (95 % CI 1·08, 1·25) %, respectively. A 1 % increase in energy from carbohydrates and a 0·1 unit increment in the PUFA:SFA ratio were associated with significantly reduced odds of type 2 diabetes. The results show independent effects of dietary factors on hyperglycaemia in African origin populations. Whether modifying intake of specific macronutrients helps diabetes prevention needs testing in randomised trials.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient individuals in a Ghanaian population

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4348
Author(s):  
Perez Quartey ◽  
Bright Afriyie Owusu ◽  
Daniel Taylor ◽  
Eliza-Bertha Adomaka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Studies in different populations have shown an association between diabetes mellitus and G6PD deficiency. This association has not been investigated in the Ghanaian population. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between G6PD deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Ghanaian population.Methods: The cross-sectional study involved 125 registered type 2 diabetes mellitus clients and 125 non-diabetic individuals. Chi-square analysis was used to assess the association between G6PD status and type 2 diabetes mellitus with statistical significance pegged at p-value<0.05.Results: The prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the study population was 24.0% and 13.6% for the diabetics and non-diabetics respectively. In terms of gender, 29.5% of the diabetic males were G6PD deficient whiles G6PD deficiency was observed in 11.1% of the non-diabetic males. Additionally, 21.0% of the diabetic females were also G6PD deficient with 15.3% of the non-diabetic females being G6PD deficient. The results showed that the overall G6PD deficiency was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to the non-diabetics. In terms of gender differences, G6PD deficiency was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes in males but, there was no significant association in females.Conclusions: The study reports the first findings of the relationship between G6PD deficiencies among type 2 diabetes patients in Ghana. The study revealed that G6PD deficiency is more prevalent among type 2 diabetics than non-diabetics. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is independently associated with G6PD deficiency in males but not females.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DENGAN EFIKASI DIRI PADA PASIEN DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM GMIM PANCARAN KASIH MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario E. Katuuk ◽  
Vandri D. Kallo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Motivation of each individual is related to the self-efficacy that each individual has. The low level of client motivation affects client's self-efficacy, so that self-care management of DM patients cannot run well. The purpose of this study is to know the relationship between motivation and self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the GMIM Hospital Pancaran Kasih Manado in 2018. The Design of this study was descriptive analytical with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at the GMIM Hospital Pancaran Kasih Manado. The sample used was 34 patients. The instruments used were questionnaire demographic characteristics of respondents, motivational questionnaires, and self-efficacy questionnaires tested using the Fisher Exact test. The results of the Fisher Exact statistic test are the relationship between motivation and self-efficacy of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at GMIM General Hospital Pancaran Kasih Manado obtained p = 0.026 (α = 0.05). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between motivation and self-efficacy of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Keywords: Motivation, Self-Efficacy.Abstrak: Motivasi dari setiap individu berkaitan dengan efikasi diri yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing individu tersebut. Tingkat motivasi klien yang rendah mempengaruhi efikasi diri klien, sehingga manajemen perawatan diri pasien DM tidak dapat berjalan dengan baik. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini ialah diketahui hubungan antara motivasi dengan efikasi diri pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado tahun 2018.. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado.. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 34 pasien. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner karakteristik demografi responden, kuesioner motivasi, dan kuesioner efikasi diri yang diuji menggunakan uji Fisher Exact. Hasil uji statistik Fisher Exact hubungan antara motivasi dengan efikasi diri pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado diperoleh nilai p = 0,026 (α = 0,05). Kesimpulan yaitu ada hubungan antara motivasi dengan efikasi diri pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado.Kata Kunci: Motivasi, Efikasi Diri

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