scholarly journals Employing participatory methods to engage an under-researched group: Opportunities and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 205979911876982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Pettinger ◽  
Gayle Letherby ◽  
Julie M Parsons ◽  
Lyndsey Withers ◽  
Miranda Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
South West

In this article, we report on our experience of working on an exploratory project where the primary objective was to involve homeless service users with food-based participatory qualitative approaches. The project FLM aimed to explore food experiences and behaviours in a sample of users of homelessness services in a south west UK coastal city, in order to create solutions to improve their wellbeing. A mixture of qualitative methods was used, including observations, photo-elicitation and focus group discussions. We aimed to be participatory and ‘creative’ in our approach and in our analysis. Here, we focus on detailing and critiquing our approach to the collection and analysis of data.

scholarly journals Combining photo-elicitation and discourse analysis to examine adolescents’ sexuality in rural Zambia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chama Mulubwa ◽  
Anna-Karin Hurtig ◽  
Joseph Mumba Zulu ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Ingvild Fossgard Sandøy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Sexual Scripts ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Sexual Reproductive Health ◽  
Individual Choices ◽  
Rural Zambia

Abstract Introduction: This article aimed to analyse constructions of adolescents’ sexualities and sexual health and the consequences of these discourses for adolescents’ exercise of their sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in rural Zambia. Methods: We analysed data from photo-elicitations interviews and focus group discussions with 25 adolescents who participated in a SRHR intervention that aimed to reduce adolescents’ pregnancies and early marriages. Results: We identified three interpretative repertories: 1) sex is for mature people in which adolescents positioned themselves as ‘immature, and young to engage in sex; 2) gendered respectful behaviours in which what was considered disrespectful (and respectful) behaviour in relation to sexuality were strongly influenced by gender, and more clearly defined for girls than it was for boys. Sexuality was not only about individual choices but about being respectful to parents; and 3) acquiring and using knowledge about sexuality in which adolescents conflicted between having and applying SRHR knowledge. Conclusion: These repertories offer an important context that shape how adolescents negotiate, adopt and resist SRHR interventions. Future interventions that target adolescents’ SRHR must aim to address the sexual scripts that have serve to erect barriers against positive sexual behaviours, including access to SRHR services that promote safer sex.

scholarly journals Engaging homeless individuals in discussion about their food experiences to optimise wellbeing: A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Pettinger ◽  
Julie M Parsons ◽  
Miranda Cunningham ◽  
Lyndsey Withers ◽  
Gia D’Aprano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Environment ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Education Practice ◽  
Nutritional Health ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Objective: High levels of social and economic deprivation are apparent in many UK cities, where there is evidence of certain ‘marginalised’ communities suffering disproportionately from poor nutrition, threatening health. Finding ways to engage with these communities is essential to identify strategies to optimise wellbeing and life skills. The Food as a Lifestyle Motivator project aimed to pilot creative methods among homeless adults for the examination of food-related experiences in order to facilitate their engagement in the wellbeing discourse. Design: Creative Participatory Action Research methods including Photo-Elicitation. Setting: A homeless service provider in Plymouth, UK. Method: A sample of homeless service users took photographs of their food activities over a 10-day period, and then volunteered to share their photos in focus group discussions to elicit meaning related to their food experiences. Results: Five themes were generated from nine service user narratives, demonstrating that food holds meaning, elicits emotions and exerts power. The food environment can be a critical social meeting place and food preparation can provide companionship and occupation. Conclusion: As well as being central to many health concerns, food may also be a powerful way to motivate people to change their lifestyle. The participatory methods used in this pilot hold potential to engage effectively with harder-to-reach service users. Discussions about their wellbeing indicate food as a powerful ‘catalyst’ for inclusion with the potential to empower individuals. The study serves to inform health education practice, design of services and address (nutritional) health inequalities.

scholarly journals Understanding a science-themed puppet theatre performance for public engagement in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Phaik Yeong Cheah ◽  
Nattapat Jatupornpimol ◽  
Lorena Suarez-Idueta ◽  
Alice Hawryszkiewycz ◽  
Nucha Charoenboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Puppet Theatre

Background: Fishy Clouds, a 45-minute non-verbal touring puppet theatre show, was created with the objectives of (1) raising awareness of antimicrobial overuse and misuse (the fact that there simply is a problem), (2) raising awareness of the importance of research with children – including those involving antimicrobials, and (3) producing a science-themed performance of entertainment value and high artistic quality. The show used visual storytelling to bring the research and behaviour around antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to life for a broad range of audiences across different ages, locations, levels of education, and language. Methods: In order to understand the effectiveness of Fishy Clouds, we used a realist-informed evaluation approach. A combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches (semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and field notes) were used for data collection. Results: We received a total of 880 quantitative feedback forms, conducted 22 semi-structured interviews and three focus group discussions. Our data showed that Fishy Clouds was an enjoyable performance to all audience groups and stakeholders and was generally viewed with artistic integrity. However, its effectiveness was primarily in raising existing awareness about medicine use and health more broadly, rather than specific health messaging concerning AMR and research with children. We found that those with limited background on AMR or research with children, such as school children and Karen ethnic migrants exhibited a wide range of interpretations. A science-themed theatre would function better if it is focussed on a single theme, embedded within a programme of activities and conducted at closed venues. Conclusions: Fishy Clouds showed that science theatre events have the potential to support public health programmes and engage local communities in science research.

scholarly journals Perceived Risk and Severity of the Uptake of Safe Male Circumcision Services among Young Men Aged 15-24 Years in Rhino Camp Refugees Settlement, Arua District- Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blate M. David ◽  
Juliet M. Bandaru ◽  
Khawa E. Namajja ◽  
David Kajoba ◽  
Shallon Atuhaire
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Safe Male Circumcision

Abstract Background Safe male circumcision is a proven cost-effective intervention in reducing the risk of sexual transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome among heterosexual individuals by 60%. This study aimed at exploring the perceived risk and severity to the uptake of safe male circumcision among young men aged 15–24 years in Rhino Camp Refugees Settlement, Arua District, Uganda. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among 378 respondents, which utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches with a semi-structured and three focus group discussions conducted among young men aged 15–24 years. Univariate analysis was used to determine the uptake of safe male circumcision. Chi-square test and binary regression model were used to determine the odds ratio at 95% confidence levels of safe male circumcision uptake and other exposure variables. Results from the focus group discussions were analysed thematically. Results The prevalence of safe male circumcision uptake was 42.1%. The major factor associated with increased likelihood of safe male circumcision uptake was the perceived benefit of cervical cancer prevention in my partner (AOR = 2.455, 95% CI = 1.278–3.627). Factors associated with reduced likelihood safe male circumcision uptake included: fear of perceived increased risk of meatitis (AOR = 0.726, 95% CI = 0.338- .959), fear that undergoing safe male circumcision is very painful and uncomfortable (AOR = 0.742, 95%, CI = 0.279–1.973). Also, the perception that safe make circumcision is not affordable at most private health facilities (AOR = 0.167, 95%, CI = 0.058–0.478). Conclusions Safe make circumcision uptake in Rhino Refugees Settlement is lower than Uganda’s national target of 80%. This is attributed to the perceived risks such as perceived risk of infection, pain, irritability, and costs involved. Awareness creation on myths and misconceptions is key to increasing up take of safe make circumcision.

scholarly journals Through the Students’ Lens: Photographic Methods for Research in Library Spaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailoo Bedi ◽  
Jenaya Webb
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Student Experiences ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Library Users ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract Objective – As librarians and researchers, we are deeply curious about how our library users navigate and experience our library spaces. Although we have some data about users’ experiences and wayfinding strategies at our libraries, including anecdotal evidence, statistics, surveys, and focus group discussions, we lacked more in-depth information that reflected students’ real-time experiences as they move through our library spaces. Our objective is to address that gap by using photographic methods for studying library spaces. Methods – We present two studies conducted in two academic libraries that used participant-driven photo-elicitation (PDPE) methods. Described simply, photo-elicitation methods involve the use of photographs as discussion prompts in interviews. In both studies presented here, we asked participants to take photographs that reflected their experiences using and navigating our library spaces. We then met with participants for an interview using their photos as prompts to discuss their experiences. Results – Our analysis of students’ photos and interviews provided rich descriptions of student experiences in library spaces. This analysis resulted in new insights into the ways that students navigate the library as well as the ways that signage, furniture, technology, and artwork in the library can shape student experiences in library spaces. The results have proven productive in generating answers to our research questions and supporting practical improvements to our libraries. Additionally, when comparing the results from our two studies we identified the importance of detailed spatial references for understanding student experiences in library spaces, which has implications beyond our institutions. Conclusion – We found that photographic methods were very productive in helping us to understand library users’ experiences and supporting decision-making related to library spaces. In addition, engaging with students and hearing their interpretations and stories about the photographs they created enhanced our research understandings of student experiences and needs in new and unique ways.

Dari Idealisme ke Pragmatisme: Pergeseran Paradigma dalam Pengembangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Addiarrahman Addiarrahman ◽  
Illy Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Business World ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Legal Consideration ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Islamic Economic

This study seeks to understand the pragmatism of the development of sharia economic law, and its implications for Islamic financial products in Indonesia. The data comes from the results of interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from academics, practitioners, authorities, and the public. This research finds that pragmatism in the development of Islamic economic law is an approach that still dominates the DSN-MUI fatwas. The pragmatism style used is complex-eclectic pragmatism which is represented through makhārij al-fiqhiyyah, which is to choose a mild opinion by sticking to the strongest method or also called "taysīr al-manhajī". The use of this method is intended to ensure that the fatwa is truly able to answer the needs of the business world, as well as being in line with sharia principles. DSN-MUI also does not use maslahah as a legal consideration in a free or liberal way. Rather, it returns maslahah in consideration of the method, so that it is permissible to use the bay’ al-'inān contract only in a forced state (ḍarurah).

scholarly journals “Stages of change, smoking behavior and acceptability of a textmessaging intervention for tobacco cessation among cigarette, dokha and shishasmokers: A qualitative research study.”

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusra Elhidaia Elobaid ◽  
Andrea Leinberger Jabari ◽  
Aisha Al Hamiz ◽  
Abdul Rizzak Al Kaddour ◽  
Sherif Bakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions

ObjectivesTo explore: (A) the underlying motivators and barriers to smoking cessation among young Arabic speaking smokers and (B) to examine the suitability and preferences for tobacco cessation interventions (specifically text messages) and study the possibility of enrollment methods for a randomised controlled study using text messages as an intervention for tobacco cessation.DesignQualitative research using focus group discussions and content analysis.Setting(s)Two universities, one of them is the first and foremost comprehensive national university in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The third setting is the largest hospital in the UAE and the flagship institution for the public health system in the emirate of Abu Dhabi.ParticipantsSix focus group discussions with a total of 57 participants. Forty-seven men and 10 women. Fifty-three of them were current smokers.ResultsThe analysis of six focus groups was carried out. Main themes arose from the data included: preferences for tobacco cessation interventions and acceptability and feasibility of text messaging as tobacco cessation intervention. Different motives and barriers for quitting smoking including shisha and dokha were explored.ConclusionInterventions using text messaging for smoking cessation have not been used in the Middle East and they could potentially be effective; however, tailoring and closely examining the content and acceptability of text messages to be used is important before the conduction of trials involving their use. Social media is perceived to be more effective and influential, with a higher level of penetration into communities of young smokers.

scholarly journals Perspectives of future pharmacists on the potential for development and implementation of pharmacist prescribing in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Mohammad Issam Diab ◽  
Angham Ibrahim ◽  
Oraib Abdallah ◽  
Alla El-Awaisi ◽  
Monica Zolezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacist Prescribing ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Special Training Program

AbstractBackground Pharmacists in many developed countries have been granted prescribing authorities under what is known as “non-medical prescribing” or “pharmacist prescribing”. However, such prescribing privileges are not available in many developing countries. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the perspectives of future pharmacists (recent pharmacy graduates and pharmacy students) on pharmacist prescribing and its potential implementation in Qatar. Methods A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used: (1) a cross-sectional survey using a pre-tested questionnaire and; (2) focus group discussions to allow for an in-depth understanding of the issue, with a focus on pharmacists prescribing competencies as well as barriers for its implementation. Main outcome measures Future pharmacists’ perspectives and attitudes towards pharmacist prescribing in Qatar. Results The majority of the respondents (94.4%) indicated awareness of the prescribing competency related to selecting treatment options. Furthermore, the majority (92.4%) believed that pharmacists should undergo prescribing training and accreditation before been legally allowed to prescribe, a point that was reiterated in the focus group discussions. Participants generally expressed support for collaborative and supplementary prescribing models when developing prescribing frameworks for Qatar. Four categories emerged under the theme barriers to implementation of pharmacist prescribing: lack of prescribing competency, pharmacist mindset, lack of accessibility to patient records and counseling rooms, and diversity of education and training background. Conclusion The majority of recent pharmacy graduates and students were in favor of pharmacist prescribing been implemented in Qatar. However, a special training program was deemed necessary to qualify pharmacists to prescribe safely and effectively.

scholarly journals Nairobi Early Childcare in Slums (NECS) Study Protocol: a mixed-methods exploration of paid early childcare in Mukuru slum, Nairobi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000822
Author(s):  
Robert C Hughes ◽  
Patricia Kitsao-Wekulo ◽  
Sunil Bhopal ◽  
Elizabeth W Kimani-Murage ◽  
Zelee Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Epidemiological Methods ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Early Childcare ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Childcare Providers

IntroductionThe early years are critical. Early nurturing care can lay the foundation for human capital accumulation with lifelong benefits. Conversely, early adversity undermines brain development, learning and future earning.Slums are among the most challenging places to spend those early years and are difficult places to care for a child. Shifting family and work structures mean that paid, largely informal, childcare seems to be becoming the ‘new normal’ for many preschool children growing up in rapidly urbanising Africa. However, little is known about the quality of this childcare.AimsTo build a rigorous understanding what childcare strategies are used and why in a typical Nairobi slum, with a particular focus on provision and quality of paid childcare. Through this, to inform evaluation of quality and design and implementation of interventions with the potential to reach some of the most vulnerable children at the most critical time in the life course.Methods and analysisMixed methods will be employed. Qualitative research (in-depth interviews and focus group discussions) with parents/carers will explore need for and decision-making about childcare. A household survey (of 480 households) will estimate the use of different childcare strategies by parents/carers and associated parent/carer characteristics. Subsequently, childcare providers will be mapped and surveyed to document and assess quality of current paid childcare. Semistructured observations will augment self-reported quality with observable characteristics/practices. Finally, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with childcare providers will explore their behaviours and motivations. Qualitative data will be analysed through thematic analysis and triangulation across methods. Quantitative and spatial data will be analysed through epidemiological methods (random effects regression modelling and spatial statistics).Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted in the UK and Kenya. Findings will be disseminated through journal publications, community and government stakeholder workshops, policy briefs and social media content.

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