scholarly journals Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction – Part 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Coppola ◽  
Tiziano Bellezze ◽  
Alberto Belli ◽  
Maria C Bignozzi ◽  
Fabio Bolzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Free Lime

The paper represents the “state of the art” on sustainability in construction materials. In Part 1 of the paper, issues related to production, microstructures, chemical nature, engineering properties, and durability of mixtures based on binders alternative to Portland cement were presented. This second part of the paper concerns the use of traditional and innovative Portland-free lime-based mortars in the conservation of cultural heritage, and the recycling and management of wastes to reduce consumption of natural resources in the production of construction materials. The latter is one of the main concerns in terms of sustainability since nowadays more than 75% of wastes are disposed of in landfills.

scholarly journals Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction—part 1

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Coppola ◽  
Tiziano Bellezze ◽  
Alberto Belli ◽  
Maria Chiara Bignozzi ◽  
Fabio Bolzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Alkali Activated

This review presents “a state of the art” report on sustainability in construction materials. The authors propose different solutions to make the concrete industry more environmentally friendly in order to reduce greenhouse gases emissions and consumption of non-renewable resources. Part 1—the present paper—focuses on the use of binders alternative to Portland cement, including sulfoaluminate cements, alkali-activated materials, and geopolymers. Part 2 will be dedicated to traditional Portland-free binders and waste management and recycling in mortar and concrete production.

State of the art on geopolymer concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoi G. Ralli ◽  
Stavroula J. Pantazopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Critical Material ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Requirement

PurposeImportant differentiating attributes in the procedures used, the characteristic mineral composition of the binders, and the implications these have on the final long term stability and physico-mechanical performance of the concretes produced are identified and discussed, with the intent to improve transparency and clarity in the field of geopolymer concrete technologies.Design/methodology/approachThis state-of-the-art review covers the area of geopolymer concrete, a class of sustainable construction materials that use a variety of alternative powders in lieu of cement for composing concrete, most being a combination of industrial by-products and natural resources rich in specific required minerals. It explores extensively the available essential materials for geopolymer concrete and provides a deeper understanding of its underlying chemical mechanisms.FindingsThis is a state-of-the-art review introducing the essential characteristics of alternative powders used in geopolymer binders and the effectiveness these have on material performance.Practical implicationsWith the increase of need for alternative cementitious materials, identifying and understanding the critical material components and the effect they may have on the performance of the resulting mixes in fresh as well as hardened state become a critical requirement to for short- and long-term quality control (e.g. flash setting, efflorescence, etc.).Originality/valueThe topic explored is significant in the field of sustainable concrete technologies where there are several parallel but distinct material technologies being developed, such as geopolymer concrete and alkali-activated concrete. Behavioral aspects and results are not directly transferable between the two fields of cementitious materials development, and these differences are explored and detailed in the present study.

Hydration Process of Portland Cement Blended with Silica Fume

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 578-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neven Ukrainczyk ◽  
Jure Zlopasa ◽  
Eduard Koenders
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Hydration Kinetics ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Ultrasound Bath

The enormous carbon footprint associated with the global cement production (5-7%) asks for a radical change in the use of sustainable replacement materials in concrete. Replacement of cement by pozzolanic waste materials, being a by-product from industrial processes, has been widely recognized as the most promising route towards sustainable construction materials. This paper presents experimental study on hydration of commercial Portland cement blended with silica fume in replacement ratio of 15 mass %. Isothermal calorimetry was employed to monitor the hydration kinetics. Thermogravimetric analysis coupled by differential scanning calorimeter (TG/DSC) was used to investigate the formed hydration products at 1, 3, 7, and 28 days of hydration. Two different approaches for a dispersion of silica fume in cement paste were compared: ultrasound bath and addition of superplasticizer (polycarboxylic ether based).

scholarly journals Eco-Efficient Concrete Using Industrial Wastes: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pacheco-Torgal ◽  
A. Shasavandi ◽  
Saíd Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Ceramic Waste ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Stone Cutting

Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world. However, the production of Portland cement as the essential constituent of concrete requires a considerable energy level. Also releases a significant amount of chemical carbon dioxide emissions and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere. Global demand will increase almost 200 % by 2050 from 2010 levels. Thus, seeking an eco-efficient and sustainable concrete may be one of the main roles that the construction industry should play in sustainable construction. Portland cement can be partially replaced by cementitious and pozzolanic materials, especially those of industry by-products such as fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, ceramic waste powder and metamorphic rock dust from stone cutting industry. The aggregates are also conserved by replacing them with recycled or waste materials (among which recycled concrete), ceramic waste, post-consumer glass, and recycled tires. All of the previous alternatives are, currently, the most used. This paper summarizes current knowledge about eco-efficient concrete, by reviewing previously published work.

scholarly journals Influence of Lime and Volcanic Ash on the Properties of Dune Sand as Sustainable Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Faisal I. Shalabi ◽  
Javed Mazher ◽  
Kaffayatullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Nasir Amin ◽  
Alaa Albaqshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Dune Sand ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Base Course

This study focused on evaluating dune sand stabilized with lime and volcanic ash as base course materials in engineering construction. Dune sands are found in Saudi Arabia in huge quantities. Due to the high demand for construction materials, this makes them highly suitable for construction. A testing program was designed to investigate the effect of adding different percentages by weight of lime (L: 0, 2, 4, and 6%) and volcanic ash (VA: 0, 1, 3, and 5%) on the engineering properties of the stabilized mixture. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were conducted. In addition, Raman spectroscopy and laser-scanning microscopy (LSM) tests were performed to explore the chemical characteristic, packing, and structure of the mixture. The results showed that the UCS, CBR, and the Young’s modulus (Es) of the treated dune sand increased with the increase in percentage of both stabilizers. Furthermore, LSM images of mortar blended with intermediate L-to-VA blend ratio ≈0.55 (L: 6% and VA: 5%) exhibit compact packing of sand grains, indicating strong adhesion and higher cementing value. The results of the study are promising and encourage using the treated dune sand in engineering construction even with a low percentage use of lime (2%) and volcanic ash (1–3%) as stabilizers.

Enhancing the Engineering Properties of Indian Black Cotton Soil with Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Ash – A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karanbir Singh Randhawa ◽  
◽  
Rajiv Chauhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions

The present study is the review of work carried out by various researchers on the improvement of engineering properties of expansive soils namely Indian Black Cotton Soil (BCS), after the addition of MSWI ash to the soil in varying proportions. The findings of study indicate that the optimum content of MSWI ash to be added to expansive soils for improvement in strength characteristics varies between 10% and 30% with best results at 25% of MSWI ash proportion. This content of MSWI ash increases the UCS of expansive black cotton soil from 28.8 kPa to 53.4 kPa and an increase in CBR value from 3.38% to 9.38%. The review suggests the use of MSWI ash in India keeping in view the enormous increase in volumes of municipal solid waste (MSW) due to fast urbanization in the country. The extensive use of such green technology will go a long way in reducing requirement of civil construction materials thereby lowering greenhouse emissions. Simultaneously, cost effectiveness in improvement of weak soils to be used in Highway subgrade civil engineering applications using MSWI ash will result is sustainable construction practices.

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Granulated Rubber Mixed with Granular Soils—A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4309
Author(s):  
Ali Tasalloti ◽  
Gabriele Chiaro ◽  
Arjun Murali ◽  
Laura Banasiak
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Granular Soils ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Recycled Rubber

End-of-life tires (ELTs) represent a great source of readily available, low-cost and sustainable construction materials having excellent engineering properties. Their reuse (in the form of granulated rubber mixed with soils) in large-volume recycling civil (geotechnical) engineering applications would be beneficial and should be encouraged. It is estimated that at present worldwide only less than 10% of ELTs are reused in geotechnical applications, while nearly 40% are recycled as tire-derived fuel. Although many studies have focused on the material characterization of soil-rubber mixtures (SRMs), it appears that the results of such investigations have not been properly compiled and compared, making it difficult to fully understand the potential applicability of SRMs. In an attempt to provide useful insights facilitating the use of SRMs as geotechnical construction materials, this review paper presents a comprehensive review of published research on the engineering properties of granular soils (i.e., mainly sand and gravel) blended with various recycled rubber inclusions. Available experimental data are scrutinized, and the results of the analyses are presented and discussed primarily in terms of effects of rubber content and aspect ratio (ratio of rubber to gravel median particle sizes) on compaction, permeability, strength and compression properties along with dynamic and cyclic deformation characteristics of SRMs. This review paper may help to alleviate the concerns of designers and consumers and encourage and further promote the use of recycled rubber tires on a larger scale in civil engineering projects.

scholarly journals Engineering Properties of Concrete Made with Coal Bottom Ash as Sustainable Construction Materials

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Fanny Monika ◽  
Hakas Prayuda ◽  
Martyana Dwi Cahyati ◽  
Erwiena Nurmala Augustin ◽  
Hilal Aulia Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Hardened Properties

Concrete is considered one of the construction materials that contribute the most significant carbon dioxide in the world. Meanwhile, according to various studies, concrete production will continue to rise through 2050, especially in developing countries. According to several reports, cement manufacture is one of the largest sources of carbon dioxide in the concrete sector. In addition, overexploitation of aggregates due to concrete production also causes unavoidable natural damage. Bottom ash waste was used as a replacement for cement and fine aggregate as sustainable construction materials. It is envisaged that this research would allow industrial waste to be utilized to its full potential, resulting in a concrete that is more environmentally friendly and minimizes carbon dioxide emissions during the manufacturing process. This study is divided into bottom ash as a cement substitute and bottom ash as a fine aggregate substitute. The engineering properties of the concrete were checked during the experiments in this study when it was fresh and hardened states. The slump test is used to determine the workability of fresh concrete. While for the hardened properties tests consist of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and mass density. The usage of bottom ash as a cement replacement demonstrates that as the composition of bottom ash increases, the performance of the hardened properties of concrete decreases. While using bottom ash as a fine aggregate replacement reveals that the performance of hardened properties has improved as the proportion of bottom ash utilized has increased. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-014 Full Text: PDF

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