Land-use Dynamics in Lupila Ward of Makete District in Southern Highlands of Tanzania

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102492110511
Author(s):  
Faraja Sanga ◽  
Emma T. Liwenga ◽  
Evaristo Haulle
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
Land Use Dynamics ◽  
Over Time

This article examines Land-Use (LU) dynamics in Lupila ward of Makete District in Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to track LU change in Lupila ward from 1984 to 2014. Geographical information system (GIS) was employed to track LU/Land-Cover (LU/LC) change from 1984 to 2014. The questionnaire, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), in-depth interview and field observations were used to supplement GIS. The data were collected from 87 respondents through questionnaire, FGDs and in-depth interview. Five LU/LC classes were identified, which are agriculture with scattered settlement, natural forests, woodlands, bushlands and grasslands. The identified LU/LC classes changed (increased and decreased) over time. Findings from respondents indicated that LU/LC change was mainly caused by the introduction of exotic tree species and decline in soil fertility. Based on the findings, the study recommends that it is imperative for the respective authority to introduce LU plan in each village so as to rescue resources like natural forests from being depleted.

When Culturally Significant Songs are Decontextualised: The Initiation Song Somagwaza, A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Dowling ◽  
Somikazi Deyi ◽  
Anele Gobodwana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Popular Song ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Ritual Music ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Small Focus ◽  
Over Time

While there have been a number of studies on the decontextualisation and secularisation of traditional ritual music in America, Taiwan and other parts of the globe, very little has been written on the processes and transformations that South Africa’s indigenous ceremonial songs go through over time. This study was prompted by the authors’ interest in, and engagement with the Xhosa initiation song Somagwaza, which has been re-imagined as a popular song, but has also purportedly found its way into other religious spaces. In this article, we attempted to investigate the extent to which the song Somagwaza is still associated with the Xhosa initiation ritual and to analyse evidence of it being decontextualised and secularised in contemporary South Africa. Our methodology included an examination of the various academic treatments of the song, an analysis of the lyrics of a popular song, bearing the same name, holding small focus group discussions, and distributing questionnaires to speakers of isiXhosa on the topic of the song. The data gathered were analysed using the constant comparative method of analysing qualitative research.

Women’s Struggle for a Voice in Local Governance: Challenges for Veiled Women in Haryana, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 097152152110305
Author(s):  
Saroj Rani
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Experiences Of Women

This study explores the experiences of women as voters and political representatives at the local level. It includes women’s stories which capture the challenges they faced, their resistance and aspiration for change. The study also looks at men’s perception of women’s political participation. The study uses a feminist perspective with qualitative methods. Tools such as in-depth interview, focus group discussions and observations were used to gather data and information.

scholarly journals Crop Boom as a Trigger of Smallholder Livelihood and Land Use Transformations: The Case of Coffee Production in the Northern Mountain Region of Vietnam

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuyen Nghiem ◽  
Yasuyuki Kono ◽  
Stephen J. Leisz
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Agricultural Transition ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Agrarian Transformation

Coffee is considered a boom crop in Southeast Asia. However, while it bears typical boom crop characteristics in many places where it has been grown, in other places it has contributed to agrarian transformation. This paper examines the context of coffee development in the Northwestern Mountain Region of Vietnam and describes how smallholder coffee growing has triggered an agricultural transition process, and corresponding land use changes, from subsistence-based to commercialized agriculture production. The research was conducted in a commune located in Son La province. Interviews with 46 selected households and three focus group discussions (10–15 people each) were conducted to understand changes in crop systems, corresponding land use, and labor use, due to the adoption of coffee (the boom crop). The research found that coffee has replaced swidden crops and enables a multicrop system, with less land devoted to swidden land use. The income from coffee is used to hire labor and to pay for the inputs needed to mechanize rice farming. The research findings show that the coffee boom has brought about livelihood transformation, changed land use, and transformed local livelihoods from subsistence to production for the market.

scholarly journals Estimating global land system impacts of timber plantations using MAgPIE 4.3.5

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 6467-6494
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Mishra ◽  
Florian Humpenöder ◽  
Jan Philipp Dietrich ◽  
Benjamin Leon Bodirsky ◽  
Brent Sohngen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Land System ◽  
Land Use Dynamics ◽  
Timber Plantations

Abstract. Out of 1150 Mha (million hectares) of forest designated primarily for production purposes in 2020, plantations accounted for 11 % (131 Mha) of this area and fulfilled more than 33 % of the global industrial roundwood demand. However, adding additional timber plantations to meet increasing timber demand intensifies competition for scarce land resources between different land uses such as food, feed, livestock and timber production. Despite the significance of plantations with respect to roundwood production, their importance in meeting the long-term timber demand and the implications of plantation expansion for overall land-use dynamics have not been studied in detail, in particular regarding the competition for land between agriculture and forestry in existing land-use models. This paper describes the extension of the modular, open-source land system Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment (MAgPIE) using a detailed representation of forest land, timber production and timber demand dynamics. These extensions allow for a better understanding of the land-use dynamics (including competition for land) and the associated land-use change emissions of timber production. We show that the spatial cropland patterns differ when timber production is accounted for, indicating that timber plantations compete with cropland for the same scarce land resources. When plantations are established on cropland, it causes cropland expansion and deforestation elsewhere. Using the exogenous extrapolation of historical roundwood production from plantations, future timber demand and plantation rotation lengths, we model the future spatial expansion of forest plantations. As a result of increasing timber demand, we show a 177 % increase in plantation area by the end of the century (+171 Mha in 1995–2100). We also observe (in our model results) that the increasing demand for timber amplifies the scarcity of land, which is indicated by shifting agricultural land-use patterns and increasing yields from cropland compared with a case without forestry. Through the inclusion of new forest plantation and natural forest dynamics, our estimates of land-related CO2 emissions better match with observed data, in particular the gross land-use change emissions and carbon uptake (via regrowth), reflecting higher deforestation with the expansion of managed land and timber production as well as higher regrowth in natural forests and plantations.

scholarly journals Kajian Pengembangan Ekowisata Salang Pangeran Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul Arifin ◽  
Budi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Development of ecotourism is one way to preserve the forest and also for the welfare of the surrounding community. Salang Pangeran ecotourism in Timbang Lawan village is part of the buffer of Gunung Leuser National Park. Since 2014, people of Timbang Lawan village have opened the Salang Pangeran ecotourism for public. Tourists who visit the ecotourism increase significantly. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of potential objects and natural attractions, internal and external factors that affect the development of Salang Pangeran ecotourism and its development strategies. Methods of data collection by conducting literature studies, field observations, interviews with communities and stakeholders and conducting Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Data analysis on the potential of Objects and Natural Tourist Attraction (ODTWA) described descriptively and it processed by using Guidance Analysis of the Operational Area-Objects and Natural Tourist Attraction (ADO-ODTWA) and SWOT analysis to formulate strategic alternatives. The results of ODTWA analysis in the Salang Pangeran ecotourism area for each criterias are known for attractiveness value is 1260 points (high), accessibility, 725 points (medium), condition of socio-economic environment, 425 points (medium), accommodation, 180 points (high), insfrastructure and supporting facilities, 300 points (high) and availability of clean water, 900 points (high). There are 9 alternative strategies for the Salang Pangeran ecotourism development plan

Historical and future land use and land cover changes in the Fincha watershed, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motuma Shiferaw Regasa ◽  
Michael Nones
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Field Evidence

Abstract The increasing human pressure on African regions is recognizable from land use land cover (LULC) changes maps, as derived from satellite imagery. Using the Ethiopian Fincha watershed as a case study, the present work focuses on i) identifying historical LULC change in the period 1989-2019; ii) estimating LULC in the next thirty years, combining Geographical Information Systems (GIS) with Land Change Modelling (LCM). Landsat5/8 images were combined with field evidence to map LULC in three reference years (1989, 2004, 2019), while the Multi-Layer Markov Chain (MPL-MC) model of LCM was applied to forecast LULC in 2030, 2040 and 2050. The watershed was classified into six classes: waterbody, grass/swamp, built-up, agriculture; forest and shrub. The results have shown that, in the past 30 years, the Fincha watershed experienced a reduction of forest and shrubs due to ever-increasing agricultural activities, and such a trend is also expected in the future. In addition, the decrease in areas covered by natural forests can drive to an increase in soil erosion, fostering the siltation in the water reservoirs located in the basin. The study pointed out the urgency of taking actions in the basin to counteract such changes, which can eventually drive to a less sustainable environment.

scholarly journals FAKTOR KRIMINOGEN ILLEGAL MINING TIMAH DI BANGKA BELITUNG

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Haryadi
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
The People ◽  
Depth Interviews

Bangka Belitung’s tin wealth on the downside has led to rampant illegal mining practices. This research aims to determine the root causes of illegal mining. Data collection was done through literature studies, field observations, participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from miners to policy makers, as well as law enforcement officers. The study finds there are eight criminogenic factors, namely tin disorientation governance, political control of tin, tin abundant, areas prone to smuggling, economic needs of the people and the elite, low awareness of law and and environment, nonoptimal guidance and supervision, and ineffective law enforcement.Kekayaan timah Bangka Belitung pada sisi negatifnya telah menimbulkan maraknya praktik Illegal mining. Tujuan penelitian antaralain untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya illegal mining. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur, pengamatan lapangan, observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dan FGD yang dengan para key informan dari pelaku tambang sampai pengambil kebijakan, serta aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini menemukan ada 8 (delapan) faktorkriminogen terjadinya illegal mining timah, yaitu disorientasi tata kelola pertimahan, politik penguasaan timah, timah yang melimpah, daerah rawan penyelundupan, kebutuhan ekonomi rakyat dan elit, rendahnya kesadaran hukum dan lingkungan, pembinaan dan pengawasan belum optimal dan penegakan hukum yang belum efektif.

scholarly journals Pemahaman tentang Riba dan Teknologi Finansial Penyebab Berkurangnya Pegawai Bank Konvensional

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Aries Kurniawan ◽  
Nanang Bagus Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Conventional Bank

Abstract– This study aims to determine the reasons for the reduction in the number of conventional bank employees. Some data collected by researchers of several banks that experienced a decline were PT Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk. Especially for bank employees only in 2017 the number of Danamon employees in 2017 reached 16,811 people this number decreased by 6,021 when compared to 2016 with a number of 22,832. This number shows a decrease of 4,391 people when compared to 2015 with a total of 27,223.The same thing was experienced by PT Bank Mandiri Tbk (Bank Mandiri). This red plate bank also experienced a decrease in the number of employees. Based on financial reports published annually, Bank Mandiri employees number 38,307 people, a decrease of 633 people compared to the 2016 period of 38,940. Likewise, BNI (Bank Negara Indonesia) which has 27,209 employees decreased by 975 compared to 2016 with 28,184 employees. Maybank also has fewer employees. In 2017, based on financial statements without audits the number of employees reached 6,727 people, a decrease of 181 compared to 2016 of 6,908. This number is down 513 people compared to the previous year with a total of 7,421 employees. This study uses qualitative research methods, namely in-depth interview data collection with former employees and active banking employees. The researcher also conducted focus group discussions / FGD (Forum Group Discussion) between active bank employees and former banking employees who had resigned.As a result, there are two main factors that cause the reduction in the number of conventional bank employees in Indonesia. First, physical factors, namely technological advances in the industrial era 4.0. The second psychological psychological factor, namely the increase in knowledge and confidence of bank employees on the prohibition of usury based on Islamic teachings. Abstrak- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan berkurangnya jumlah karyawan bank konvensional. Beberapa data yang dihimpun peneliti beberapa bank yang mengalami penurunan adalah PT Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk. Khusus untuk karyawan bank saja pada tahun 2017 jumlah karyawan Danamon tahun 2017 mencapai 16.811 orang jumlah ini menurun 6.021 saat dibandingkan tahun 2016 dengan jumlah 22.832. Jumlah ini menunjukkan turun 4.391 orang saat dibandingkan tahun 2015 dengan jumlah 27.223. Hal yang sama juga dialami oleh PT Bank Mandiri Tbk (Bank Mandiri). Bank plat merah ini juga mengalami penurunan jumlah pegawai. Berdasarkan laporan keuangan yang terbit setiap tahun, pegawai Bank Mandiri berjumlah 38.307 orang, menurun 633 orang dibandingkan periode 2016 yang berjumlah 38.940. Demikian juga untuk BNI (Bank Negara Indonesia) yang mempunyai karyawan 27.209 menurun 975 dibandingkan tahun 2016 dengan jumlah karyawan 28.184. Maybank juga berkurang pegawainya. Tahun 2017, berdasar laporan keuangan tanpa audit jumlah karyawan mencapai 6.727 orang mengalami penurunan 181 dibanding tahun 2016 sebanyak 6.908. Jumlah ini turun 513 orang dibanding tahun sebelumnya dengan jumlah 7.421 karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yaitu pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam dengan para mantan pegawai dan pegawai aktif perbankan. Peneliti juga melakukan diskusi kelompok terarah / FGD (Forum Group Discussion) diantara pegawai bank yang aktif dan mantan pegawai perbankan yang telah mengundurkan diri. Hasilnya, terdapat dua faktor utama yang menyebabkan berkurangnya jumlah karyawan bank konvensional di Indonesia. Pertama, faktor fisik yakni kemajuan teknologi pada era industri 4.0. Kedua faktor psikologis emosional, yakni meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keyakinan karyawan bank atas haramnya riba berdasarkan ajaran Islam.

scholarly journals Horizontal Urban Expansion And Livelihood Adjustment Problem Among Ex-Farmers In The Kebeles Surrounding Jimma Town: The Case Of Derba Kebele

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Tamirat Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Adjustment Problem ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Jimma Town

This study is aimed at examining the livelihood strategy, benefit packages offered, adjustment problems and the coping strategies of exfarmers in the re-located neighbourhood of Derba kebele in Jimma town. To this end, the research site was purposively selected and in-depth interview with key informants; one focus group discussions and observation were used to collect the data required for the study. The study result showed that the livelihood of ex-peri-urban community has been jeopardized following the relocation to Hirmata Mercato kebele. This is because of the changes in the contexts that surrounds rural area and urban area. Since urban contexts are distinct from the rural ones and the households were not ready to be familiarized with the situation,and also the nature of follow-up and support given at post displacement time was less, majority of them lead a precarious living condition. As a result, majority of the households are not contented with the livelihood they are leading in the Hirmata Mercato Kebele.

scholarly journals THE COMPLEXITY OF GOVERNING FISHING VILLAGES IN THE BAGAN AREAS OF SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zin Mohamed ◽  
Norhaslina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Field Observations ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Administrative Structure ◽  
Fishing Villages ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Village ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Sizable Number

This paper examines the current administrative structure that deals with informal fishing villages in Selangor aiming to identify the governance issues of thesecommunities from the local-, district-, state- and federal-level perspectives. Data collection techniques employed were field observations conducted through site visits, in-depth interviews with the state and local planning officials, and focus group discussions involving chairpersons of the Village Development and Security Committees (VDSC). The analysis reveals a sizable number of entities involved in the governance and management of these fishing communities at all levels and accordingly, concludes by outlining a more strategic administrative structure that could effectively govern informal fishing villages that is applicable to Selangor and beyond.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document