scholarly journals Empathy of Medical Students and Compassionate Care for Dying Patients: An Assessment of “No One Dies Alone” Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1164-1168
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Hojat ◽  
Jennifer DeSantis ◽  
David B Ney ◽  
Hannah DeCleene-Do
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Dying Patient

The “No One Dies Alone” (NODA) program was initiated to provide compassionate companions to the bedside of dying patients. This study was designed to test the following hypotheses: (1) Empathy scores would be higher among medical students who volunteered to participate in the NODA program than nonvolunteers; (2) Spending time with dying patients would enhance empathy in medical students. Study sample included 525 first- and second-year medical students, 54 of whom volunteered to participate in the NODA program. Of these volunteers, 26 had the opportunity to visit a dying patient (experimental group), and 28 did not, due to scheduling conflicts (volunteer control group). The rest of the sample (n = 471) comprised the “nonvolunteer control group.” Comparisons of the aforementioned groups on scores of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy confirmed the first research hypothesis ( P < .05, Cohen d = 0.37); the second hypothesis was not confirmed. This study has implications for the assessment of empathy in physicians-in-training, and timely for recruiting compassionate companion volunteers (armed with personal protective equipment) at the bedside of lonely dying patients infected by COVID-19.

scholarly journals Effects of Education on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment for Reduction of Contamination: A Randomized Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237796082094062
Author(s):  
Jeong Hwa Yeon ◽  
Yong Soon Shin
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction Accurate doffing personal protective equipment (PPE) is one of the key practices of infection control because of increased risk of infection transmission caused by medical garments or environmental contamination. Objectives The study aimed to develop a reality-based education program and identify its effects on nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and contamination after PPE doffing. Methods Randomized control group pretest–posttest design. A total of 56 nurses were randomly assigned to experimental ( n = 28) and control ( n = 28) groups. The experimental group underwent a new reality-based education program to improve PPE use. Subsequently, participants were assessed on knowledge of and attitude toward PPE use, as well as number and area of contaminated sites after removing PPE and mask fitting test. Results There were no significant differences in knowledge and attitude to PPE use. The experimental group had significantly fewer contaminated sites than the control group (42 vs. 89), and a significantly lower mean contaminated site area (16.63 ± 24.27 vs. 95.41 ± 117.51 cm2). The tuberculosis mask fitting test success rates were 68% and 50% in the experimental and control groups, respectively, but the difference was not significant. Conclusion The reality-based education on use of PPE helps to reduce contamination and improve performance related to the use of PPE for infection control.

scholarly journals Self-Assessment Video: An Effective Supplementary Learning Tool in the Development of Cardiovascular Examination Skills of Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 572-585
Author(s):  
Melvin Remulla Marcial
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Self-evaluation can augment the facilitation of acquiring knowledge, skills and attitude through a reflective method. Self-assessment video (SAV) can be a very useful reflective method tool that is student-centered and self-directed. Objective: This study aimed to identify if SAV is an effective supplementary learning tool in improving cardiovascular examination knowledge, skills and attitude of second year medical students. Methodology: A quasi-experimental two-group design with pre- and post-test was used. The study population by convenience sampling involved second year medical students of the University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery. A structured direct observation checklist on cardiovascular precordial examination was used, done on two occasions in a week interval period. The said examinations were recorded in a video and evaluated and scored by two independent facilitators on these two occasions. The experimental group had the opportunity to review their videos immediately after the two examinations and accomplished self-assessment form. One-Way Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Variance (One-Way RM-MANOVA), a parametric multivariate test for between- and within-group comparison of multiple dependent variables was used. Results: It showed that there was a significant improvement in all parameters measured after the intervention (SAV in the experimental group compared to the control group). Conclusion: The study showed that SAV is an effective supplementary learning tool in cardiovascular examination attitude, knowledge, and skills, and can be a very useful teaching and learning self-evaluation tool. Key words: Self-Assessment Video, Reflective Learning, Self-Directed Learning, Learning Tools, Evaluation Tools.

THE EFFECT OF RAP (READ, ASK, PARAPHRASE) STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN READING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika N. And Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Tests ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study focused on finding out the effect of applying RAP (Read, Ask,Paraphrase) Strategy on students’ reading comprehension in reading analyticalexposition text. This study was conducted in experimental design. The populationof this research was the second year of students in SMA Swasta Katolik BudiMurni 2 Medan. There were seventy students of the second year senior highschool students as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with tworandomized groups namely Experimental Group and Control Group. Theexperimental group was taught by applying RAP Strategy, while the control groupwas taught by applying conventional strategy. The instrument of collecting thedata was multiple choice tests which consisted of 25 items. The data wereanalyzed by using t-test formula. The calculation shown that t-observed (5.36)was higher than t-table (1.994) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degreeof freedom (df) 68. It means that there was a significant effect of applying RAPStrategy on students’ reading comprehension in reading analytical exposition text.

scholarly journals The impact of mediated learning on the academic writing performance of medical students in flipped and traditional classrooms: scaffolding techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laleh Khojasteh ◽  
Seyyed Ali Hosseini ◽  
Elham Nasiri
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mediated Learning ◽  
Writing Classes ◽  
Writing Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractWriting as a multiple-step process is one of the most complex and demanding skills for graduate students to master. Foreign or second language learners who are required to write for academic purposes at the university level may even find it more demanding to master. One of the ways of decreasing the burden of mastering this skill for learners is mediation, using scaffolding techniques to teach writing. Hence, having a good understanding of the impact(s) of adopting mediating or scaffolding techniques in writing classes is absolutely indispensable. To this end, the present study employed an experimental research design to investigate the impact of mediation in the flipped writing classrooms of the students of medicine. To peruse this goal, 47 medical students were selected through purposive sampling and put into control and treatment groups. Medical students in the treatment group watched teacher-made video content(s) before their writing classes. The students in this group experienced organized-interactive writing group activities in their classes. Unlike the experimental group, the students in the control group received all the instructions in the classroom and were assigned homework. The findings obtained through the ANOVA and t-test indicated that the students in the experimental group significantly outperformed their counterparts in the control group in terms of their writing. A probable conclusion could be that by requiring students to study in advance and take responsibility for their learning, flipped classroom can provide the opportunity for learners to actively construct knowledge rather than receive the information passively in the classroom. Flipped classroom can also cultivate interactive class time for teachers and enable them to invest in more fruitful academic practices, instead of asking students to spend a substantial amount of time each week doing homework independently.

scholarly journals Dealing with Death: Medical Students' Experiences with Patient Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Pessagno ◽  
Carrie E. Foote ◽  
Robert Aponte
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Death Rituals ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Dying Patient

This article explores medical students' experiences and coping strategies when confronting patient loss in their 3rd and 4th years of their programs. Much of the literature on the impact of patient losses focuses on physicians. This article joins a handful of works aimed at how medical students experience and cope with patient loss. In-depth interviews with 20 medical students provided rich descriptions of their varying experiences coping with death. Consistent with previous work, students experience substantial emotional stress coping with patient deaths, though some were more difficult to bear than others, such as when the dying patient was a child or when treatment errors could have contributed to deaths. Common coping mechanisms included talking through their emotions, thrusting themselves into continuing their rounds, crying, participating in infant death rituals, and turning to religion. When deaths occurred, senior personnel who exhibited empathy toward the deceased and tolerance toward the students' emotional responses were lauded and made the process easier. Also emotionally daunting, in many instances, was dealing with the families of dying patients. Most of the students did not view death as a failure, contrary to much earlier literature, except in instances in which human error or decision making may have played a part in causing the death of a patient.

scholarly journals Do medical students receive training in correct use of personal protective equipment?

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1264125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita John ◽  
Myreen E. Tomas ◽  
Aditya Hari ◽  
Brigid M. Wilson ◽  
Curtis J. Donskey
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Protective Equipment

Second-Year Italian Medical Students' Attitudes toward Care of the Dying Patient: an Exploratory Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Leombruni ◽  
Marco Miniotti ◽  
Andrea Bovero ◽  
Lorys Castelli ◽  
Riccardo G. V. Torta
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Dying Patient ◽  
Care Of The Dying

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH FOR PREPARING THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 674-678
Author(s):  
L. Lapadatov ◽  
G. Dyakova ◽  
N. Gocheva ◽  
M. Ivanova ◽  
T. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Research with students was conducted at the Trakia University- Stara Zagora. Sixty-six students (women) from the first and second year of their study from all specialties in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Faculty of Economics participated in the research. They were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (36 students) and a control group (30 students). The purpose of the research was to discover the impact of the experimental methods for preparing the physical characteristics of the student. For the purpose of the research were applied - Theoretical Analysis, Sports and Pedagogical Tests, Pedagogical Experiment, Variation Analysis, Graphic Analysis and Comparative Analysis. A test battery including 5 tests for physical characteristics was prepared. From the analysis of the results can be seen that the conducted research was successful and the used methods were effective.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SUMMARIZING TECHNIQUE ON READING ACHIEVEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Siti Syafi’atul Qomariyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Experimental Group

This article is a report of experimental conducted at the second year students of SMA Kanjeng Sepuh Sidayu Gresik. This study was conducted to measure the effect of summarizing technique on reading achievement. The instrument used for collecting data was test.  The data analysis showed that mean of pretest was 37,94 in experimental group and 33,68 in control group. The result of t-test of pre-test was 2,444 and t-critical was 1,684 in level of significant .05. And the mean of post-test was 74,52 in experimental group and 68,39 in control group. The difference between the two mean score is 6.13. The mean of the control group is lower than the experimental one. In which the highest score was 52 and the lowest score was 20 in control group and experimental group. From the data analysis, the writer got findings. The mean score of experimental group was 74.52 and the mean score of control group was 68.39. after applying the ANCOVA formula, it indicates that F-value was 4.117 and the critical value with the level of significance .05 was 4.00. The finding shows that students’ achievement of reading in posttest (after treatment) of experimental group was higher than control group. It was found out that summarizing technique was effective in reading achievement.

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