scholarly journals Characterization of a bacterial strain Lactobacillus paracasei LP10266 recovered from an endocarditis patient in Shandong, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Tang ◽  
Yingying Hao ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Chao Lu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Induce Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Lactobacilli are often recognized as beneficial partners in human microbial environments. However, lactobacilli also cause diseases in human, e.g. infective endocarditis (IE), septicaemia, rheumatic vascular disease, and dental caries. Therefore, the identification of potential pathogenic traits associated with lactobacilli will facilitate the prevention and treatment of the diseases caused by lactobacilli. Herein, we investigated the genomic traits and pathogenic potential of a novel bacterial strain Lactobacillus paracasei LP10266 which has caused a case of IE. We isolated L. paracasei LP10266 from an IE patient’s blood to perform high-throughput sequencing and compared the genome of strain LP10266 with those of closely related lactobacilli to determine genes associated with its infectivity. We performed the antimicrobial susceptibility testing on strain LP10266. We assessed its virulence by mouse lethality and serum bactericidal assays as well as its serum complement- and platelet-activating ability. The biofilm formation and adherence of strain LP10266 were also studied. Results Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain LP10266 was allied with L. casei and L. paracasei. Genomic studies revealed two spaCBA pilus clusters and one novel exopolysaccharides (EPS) cluster in strain LP10266, which was sensitive to ampicillin, penicillin, levofloxacin, and imipenem, but resistant to cefuroxime, cefazolin, cefotaxime, meropenem, and vancomycin. Strain LP10266 was nonfatal and sensitive to serum, capable of activating complement 3a and terminal complement complex C5b-9 (TCC). Strain LP10266 could not induce platelet aggregation but displayed a stronger biofilm formation ability and adherence to human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared to the standard control strain L. paracasei ATCC25302. Conclusion The genome of a novel bacterial strain L. paracasei LP10266 was sequenced. Our results based on various types of assays consistently revealed that L. paracasei LP10266 was a potential pathogen to patients with a history of cardiac disease and inguinal hernia repair. Strain LP10266 showed strong biofilm formation ability and adherence, enhancing the awareness of L. paracasei infections.

scholarly journals Natural history of the infant gut microbiome and impact of antibiotic treatment on bacterial strain diversity and stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (343) ◽  
pp. 343ra81-343ra81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moran Yassour ◽  
Tommi Vatanen ◽  
Heli Siljander ◽  
Anu-Maaria Hämäläinen ◽  
Taina Härkönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Strain Diversity ◽  
Infant Gut Microbiome ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of a Clinically Isolated Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavani Manivannan ◽  
Niranjana Mahalingam ◽  
Sudhir Jadhao ◽  
Amrita Mishra ◽  
Pravin Nilawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Draft Genome Assembly ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urinary Tuberculosis

We present the draft genome assembly of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated from a patient with a history of genito urinary tuberculosis. The draft genome is 7,022,546 bp with a G+C content of 65.48%. It carries 7 phage genomes, genes for quorum sensing, biofilm formation, virulence, and antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Enterococcal Species Associated with Slovak Raw Goat Milk, Their Safety and Susceptibility to Lantibiotics and Durancin ED26E/7

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Andrea Lauková ◽  
Valentína Focková ◽  
Monika Pogány Pogány Simonová
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Aggregation Substance ◽  
Enterococcal Species ◽  
Traditional Dairy Products ◽  
Original Information

Goat milk has become a popular item of human consumption due to its originality. Enterococci are ubiquitous bacteria, and they can also be found in traditional dairy products. This study focuses on the safety of enterococci from Slovak raw goat milk and on their susceptibility to lantibiotic bacteriocins and durancin ED26E/7, which has not previously been studied. Biofilm formation ability in enterococci, virulence factor genes, enzyme production and antibiotic profile were investigated. Samples of raw goat milk (53) were collected from 283 goats in Slovakia. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry identified three enterococcal species: Enterococcus faecium, E. hirae and E. mundtii, with dominant occurrence of the species E. faecium. Low-grade biofilm formation ability (0.1 ≤ A570 < 1.0) was found in four strains of E. faecium.Gelatinase, hyaluronidase, aggregation substance and enterococcal surface protein genes were absent in these enterococci. Gene efaAfm (adhesin) was detected in five E. faecium strains. However, it was not detected in biofilm-forming strains. Enterococci detected in Slovak raw goat milk were found not to have pathogenic potential; four strains even produced high amounts of useful β-galactosidase. The strains were susceptible to lantibiotic bacteriocin treatment and to durancin ED26E/7 as well, which represents original information in dairy production.

scholarly journals Integrative approach using Yersinia pestis genomes to revisit the historical landscape of plague during the Medieval Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (50) ◽  
pp. E11790-E11797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amine Namouchi ◽  
Meriam Guellil ◽  
Oliver Kersten ◽  
Stephanie Hänsch ◽  
Claudio Ottoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Historical Landscape ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
History Of

Over the last few years, genomic studies on Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of all known plague epidemics, have considerably increased in numbers, spanning a period of about 5,000 y. Nonetheless, questions concerning historical reservoirs and routes of transmission remain open. Here, we present and describe five genomes from the second half of the 14th century and reconstruct the evolutionary history of Y. pestis by reanalyzing previously published genomes and by building a comprehensive phylogeny focused on strains attributed to the Second Plague Pandemic (14th to 18th century). Corroborated by historical and ecological evidence, the presented phylogeny, which includes our Y. pestis genomes, could support the hypothesis of an entry of plague into Western European ports through distinct waves of introduction during the Medieval Period, possibly by means of fur trade routes, as well as the recirculation of plague within the human population via trade routes and human movement.

scholarly journals Glycation of Host Proteins Increases Pathogenic Potential of Porphyromonas gingivalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 12084
Author(s):  
Michał Śmiga ◽  
John W. Smalley ◽  
Paulina Ślęzak ◽  
Jason L. Brown ◽  
Klaudia Siemińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Glycated Proteins ◽  
Sds Page

The non-enzymatic addition of glucose (glycation) to circulatory and tissue proteins is a ubiquitous pathophysiological consequence of hyperglycemia in diabetes. Given the high incidence of periodontitis and diabetes and the emerging link between these conditions, it is of crucial importance to define the basic virulence mechanisms employed by periodontopathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis in mediating the disease process. The aim of this study was to determine whether glycated proteins are more easily utilized by P. gingivalis to stimulate growth and promote the pathogenic potential of this bacterium. We analyzed the properties of three commonly encountered proteins in the periodontal environment that are known to become glycated and that may serve as either protein substrates or easily accessible heme sources. In vitro glycated proteins were characterized using colorimetric assays, mass spectrometry, far- and near-UV circular dichroism and UV–visible spectroscopic analyses and SDS-PAGE. The interaction of glycated hemoglobin, serum albumin and type one collagen with P. gingivalis cells or HmuY protein was examined using spectroscopic methods, SDS-PAGE and co-culturing P. gingivalis with human keratinocytes. We found that glycation increases the ability of P. gingivalis to acquire heme from hemoglobin, mostly due to heme sequestration by the HmuY hemophore-like protein. We also found an increase in biofilm formation on glycated collagen-coated abiotic surfaces. We conclude that glycation might promote the virulence of P. gingivalis by making heme more available from hemoglobin and facilitating bacterial biofilm formation, thus increasing P. gingivalis pathogenic potential in vivo.

scholarly journals A case report of community-acquired Raoultella ornithinolytica infection in a healthy, young individual

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Chen ◽  
Xinjian Zhou ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Ke Ma ◽  
Zhijie Xia
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Background Raoultella ornithinolytica is a Gram-negative bacillus that resembles Klebsiella. This bacterium is present in many soil and aquatic environments and is a major causative agent of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in medical staff. Clinically, it has been reported to contribute to nosocomial infections in patients that include but are not limited to gastrointestinal, skin, and genitourinary tract infections. These complications are most common in hospitalized patients with underlying immunodeficiency, multiple comorbidities, or those receiving invasive surgery. Case presentation We present a case of a 25-year-old patient with a R. ornithinolytica infection. The patient had no history of any disease. Her main complaints were high fever, a scattered maculopapular rash, and superficial lymph node enlargement (SLNE). Peripheral blood samples were collected for high-throughput sequencing analysis to identify pathogenic microorganisms. The results confirmed a R. ornithinolytica infection, which was treated successfully using meropenem. Loratadine was also administered to treat the patient’s compromised skin condition caused by an allergic reaction. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first case of a systemic maculopapular rash and superficial lymphadenopathy caused by a R. ornithinolytica infection acquired at the community level. Based on this case, we recommend a combination of antibiotic and antiallergic drugs to treat a R. ornithinolytica infection and associated allergic reaction to the bacteria.

scholarly journals Infection history of the blood-meal host dictates pathogenic potential of the Lyme disease spirochete within the feeding tick vector

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e1006959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Bhatia ◽  
Chad Hillman ◽  
Valentina Carracoi ◽  
Britney N. Cheff ◽  
Kit Tilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Tick Vector ◽  
History Of ◽  
Feeding Tick

The chicken model organism for epigenomic research

Genome ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnim H. BEACON ◽  
James R DAVIE
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chicken Genome ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Human Orthologs ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Chicken Model

The chicken model organism has advanced the areas of developmental biology, virology, immunology, oncology, epigenetic regulation of gene expression, conservation biology, and genomics of domestication. Further, the chicken model organism has aided in our understanding of human disease. Through the recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic tools, researchers have successfully identified sequences in the chicken genome that have human orthologs, improving mammalian genome annotation. In this review, we highlight the importance of chicken as an animal model in basic and pre-clinical research. We will present the importance of chicken in poultry epigenetics and in genomic studies that trace back to their ancestor, the last link between human and chicken tree of life. There are still many genes of unknown function in the chicken genome yet to be characterized. By taking advantage of recent sequencing technologies, it is possible to gain further insight into the chicken epigenome.

Identification of bacterial hazards in the production of artisan fresh cheese in Cuba

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-265
Author(s):  
Ailin Martínez ◽  
Nivian Montes de Oca ◽  
Mabelín Armenteros ◽  
Odalys Uffo ◽  
Yamilka Riverón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Good Manufacturing Practices ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Isolated Species

AbstractArtisan fresh cheese producing farms from six provinces of Cuba were studied to identify the presence of bacterial hazards and the results are presented in this research communication. The bacterial hazards identified in milk and cheese respectively were: Listeria spp. (9.5 and 18.9%), Bacillus cereus (23.2 and 24.2%), Escherichia coli O157 (12.6 and 13.7%), Salmonella spp. (10.5 and 17.9%), and Staphylococcus aureus (29.5 and 51.6%). Listeria monocytogenes was not detected. Nine Salmonella serotypes corresponding to Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae were isolated, whereas Salmonella Anatum was present most often. Biofilm formation by the isolated species and enterotoxin production by S. aureus strains demonstrated the pathogenic potential of the identified bacterial hazards. Results proved the presence of bacterial hazards in the raw milk and cheeses analyzed, so that good manufacturing practices must be accomplished throughout the entire production process in order to avoid the occurrence of foodborne diseases in the population.

scholarly journals Shortening of the Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei BGNJ1-64 AggLb Protein Switches Its Activity from Auto-aggregation to Biofilm Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Miljkovic ◽  
Iris Bertani ◽  
Djordje Fira ◽  
Branko Jovcic ◽  
Katarina Novovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei
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