scholarly journals The association of lipoprotein(a) and intraplaque neovascularization in patients with carotid stenosis: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Xia ◽  
Weida Qiu ◽  
Anping Cai ◽  
Bo Kong ◽  
Lan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Lipoprotein(a) is genetically determined and increasingly recognized as a major risk factor for arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We examined whether plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were associated with intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) grade in patients with carotid stenosis and in terms of increasing plaque susceptibility to haemorrhage and rupture. Methods We included 85 patients diagnosed with carotid stenosis as confirmed using carotid ultrasound who were treated at Guangdong General Hospital. Baseline data, including demographics, comorbid conditions and carotid ultrasonography, were recorded. The IPN grade was determined using contrast-enhanced ultrasound through the movement of the microbubbles. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between lipoprotein(a) and IPN grade, with stepwise adjustment for covariates including age, sex, comorbid conditions and statin therapy (model 1), total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol calculated by Friedwald's formula, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B (model 2), maximum plaque thickness and total carotid maximum plaque thickness, degree of carotid stenosis and internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion (model 3). Results Lipoprotein(a) was a significant predictor of higher IPN grade in binary logistic regression before adjusting for other risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 1.238, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.020, 1.503), P = 0.031). After adjusting for other risk factors, lipoprotein(a) still remained statistically significant in predicting IPN grade in all model. (Model 1: OR 1.333, 95% CI 1.074, 1.655, P = 0.009; Model 2: OR 1.321, 95% CI 1.059, 1.648, P = 0.014; Model 3: OR 1.305, 95% CI 1.045, 1.628, P = 0.019). Lp(a) ≥ 300 mg/L is also significantly related to IPN compare to < 300 mg/L (OR 2.828, 95% CI 1.055, 7.580, P = 0.039) as well as in model 1, while in model 2 and model 3 there are not significant difference. Conclusions Plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were found to be independently associated with higher IPN grade in patients with carotid stenosis. Lowering plasma lipoprotein(a) levels may result in plaque stabilization by avoiding IPN formation.

scholarly journals The Association of Lipoprotein(a) and Intraplaque Neovascularization in Patients With Carotid Stenosis: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Xia ◽  
Weida Qiu ◽  
Liwen Li ◽  
Bo Kong ◽  
Lan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A

Abstract Background: Lipoprotein(a) is increasingly recognised as a major risk factor for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. We examined whether plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were associated with intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) levels in patients with carotid stenosis and in terms of increasing plaque susceptibility to haemorrhage and rupture. Methods: We included 85 patients diagnosed with carotid stenosis as confirmed using carotid ultrasound who were treated at Guangdong General Hospital. The IPN level was determined using contrast-enhanced ultrasound through the movement of the microbubbles. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether lipoprotein(a) affected IPN levels, and whether lipoprotein(a), cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol affected IPN levels, respectively. Results: Lipoprotein(a) was a significant predictor of higher IPN levels in binary logistic regression before adjusting for other risk factors (P = 0.031, odds ratio [OR]: 1.238, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.020,1.503) whereas cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not predicators of IPN in univariate analysis. After adjusting for other risk factors, including age, diabetes mellitus, and smoking status, lipoprotein(a) remained statistically significant in predicting IPN (P = 0.012, OR: 1.335, 95% CI: 1.065,1.674). Conclusions: Plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were found to be independently associated with higher IPN levels in patients with carotid stenosis, but not cholesterol, triglyceride, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Lowering plasma lipoprotein(a) levels may decrease the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Distribution in a Contemporary Polish Collective

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3306
Author(s):  
Anita Liput-Sikora ◽  
Anna Cybulska ◽  
Wiesława Fabian ◽  
Anna Fabian-Danielewska ◽  
Marzanna Stanisławska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Family History ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease (hypertension, overweight, obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, a positive family history, a lack of physical activity), and to estimate the risk of a cardiovascular incident according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm for patients aged 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 years, included in a primary-care prevention program, with regard to selected variables (sex and age brackets). The study sample consisted of 2009 subjects, 63% of whom were women. The largest group was the group of 35-year-olds (27%). The research method was the analysis of medical documentation of primary-care patients living in West Pomerania included in the Program of Prevention and Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease of the National Health Fund. We collected data concerning risk factors for cardiovascular disease, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements (arm circumference, waist circumference, height, weight), body mass index (BMI), and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and fasting glucose, as well as the SCORE results. Men more often than women were overweight and obese, had hyperglycemia, and had elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (p < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference in the odds of a cardiovascular incident (p < 0.001)—the SCORE results obtained by men were higher. Men require special preventive measures in order to reduce their risk factors for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight, obesity, smoking, and a positive family history.

scholarly journals Sex, Age, and BMI Modulate the Association of Physical Examinations and Blood Biochemistry Parameters and NAFLD: A Retrospective Study on 1994 Cases Observed at Shuguang Hospital, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengli Tang ◽  
Minh Pham ◽  
Yiming Hao ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Devashru Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Study Participants

Objective. Previous studies have shown that some metabolic risk factors are related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This retrospective study was performed to investigate the associations between physical examinations and blood biochemistry parameters and NAFLD status and to identify possible risk factors of NAFLD. Methods. Study participants underwent general physical examinations, blood biochemistry, and abdominal ultrasound evaluations. In addition, data regarding sex, age, ethnicity, medical history, and alcohol consumption of participants were recorded. Among the study participants (N=1994), 57.8% were male, 41.2% over the age of 50, and 52.6% with BMI≥24. 986 patients had NAFLD and 1008 had no NAFLD. We used effect size analysis and logistic regression to determine which physical examinations and blood biochemistry parameters were significant for the association between these parameters and NAFLD status. Results. Both the effect size and logistic regression indicated that BMI, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), and serum uric acid (SUA) show a significant association with NAFLD. Females are overall at a higher risk of NAFLD, but factors such as high BMI, DBP, TG, and SUA increase the associated risk for both sexes. Compared with males, females have a higher risk of NAFLD given that they are over 50, overweight and obese (BMI at or over 24), or have high SUA. In terms of age, people older than 50 with high SUA, and people younger than 50 with high DBP and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) all increase the risk of NAFLD. For BMI, high DBP and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are risk factors for NAFLD in overweight and obese people (BMI at or over 24), whereas in normal weight and underweight people (BMI under 24), elevated LDL-C increases the risk of NAFLD. Conclusions. Our results revealed sex, age, and BMI modulate the association of physical examinations and blood biochemistry parameters and NAFLD, which may facilitate the development of personalized early warning and prevention strategies of NAFLD for at-risk populations.

scholarly journals Differential analysis of disease risk assessment using binary logistic regression with different analysis strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 3656-3664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Xu ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Shiyan Nian ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Xuejing Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Analysis Strategies ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Objective To investigate the importance of controlling confounding factors during binary logistic regression analysis. Methods Male coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (n = 664) and healthy control subjects (n = 400) were enrolled. Fourteen indexes were collected: age, uric acid, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B100, lipoprotein a, homocysteine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and γ-glutamyl transferase. Associations between these indexes and CHD were assessed by logistic regression, and results were compared by using different analysis strategies. Results 1) Without controlling for confounding factors, 14 indexes were directly inputted in the analysis process, and 11 indexes were finally retained. A model was obtained with conflicting results. 2) According to the application conditions for logistic regression analysis, all 14 indexes were weighed according to their variances and the results of correlation analysis. Seven indexes were finally included in the model. The model was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve, with an area under the curve of 0.927. Conclusions When binary logistic regression analysis is used to evaluate the complex relationships between risk factors and CHD, strict control of confounding factors can improve the reliability and validity of the analysis.

Conventional Lipid Profile and Lipoprotein(a) Concentrations in Treated Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1365-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARMEN GARCÍA-GÓMEZ ◽  
JOAN M. NOLLA ◽  
JOSEP VALVERDE ◽  
JUAN A. GÓMEZ-GERIQUE ◽  
MARÍA J. CASTRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Apolipoprotein A

Objective.Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased cardiovascular risk not completely explained by traditional cardiovascular risk factors. If the proatherogenic lipid profile observed in active and untreated RA improves by effectively treating RA without the use of a lipid-lowering agent, other nonconventional cardiovascular lipid risk factors may be implicated. We evaluated conventional lipid risk factors and lipoprotein(a) in treated patients with RA.Methods.This cross-sectional study was conducted in 122 patients with RA. Lipid profiles of patients were compared with a control group, consisting of a population-based study cohort (DRECE study), matched for sex, age, menopausal status, and body mass index. Excess lipoprotein(a) was defined by a serum concentration > 0.3 g/l.Results.High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) concentrations were higher in pre- and postmenopausal women with RA than in controls (p = 0.023 and p ≤ 0.001, respectively). All RA patients had significantly lower levels of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio, and postmenopausal women with RA also had significantly lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels than their respective controls. No differences were observed in serum levels of apolipoprotein A-I and triglyceride. All RA patients had higher lipoprotein(a) values than controls. Fourteen men (56%) and 10 (53%) and 42 (54%) pre- and postmenopausal women with RA, respectively, had hyperlipoproteinemia(a).Conclusion.RA patients undergoing antirheumatic therapy display a nonatherogenic conventional lipid profile, i.e., high HDL-c, low apolipoprotein B concentrations, and low apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio. This may be counteracted by the high prevalence of hyperlipoproteinemia(a) observed in these patients.

Association Between Plasma Trans-Fatty Acid Concentrations and Measures of Glucose Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults in NHANES 1999-2000

Angiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 630-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mazidi ◽  
Arrigo F. Cicero ◽  
Andre Pascal Kengne ◽  
Maciej Banach
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Significant Difference

There is limited evidence on the association between plasma trans-fatty acids (TFAs) and cardiometabolic risk factors. Therefore, we examined the association between plasma TFA concentrations and glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in adult Americans from the 1999 to 2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants. Derivatized TFAs were separated by capillary gas chromatography. Of the 1678 participants, 46.5% were men. The mean age was 50.5 years overall, with no significant difference between men and women ( P = .101). In age-, sex- and race-adjusted analyses, mean waist circumference, fat-free mass, fat mass, C-peptide, insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), serum triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol (TC) increased across increasing quarters of TFAs (for all P < .001), while mean serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased across increasing quarters of plasma TFAs ( P < .001). In multivariable adjusted linear regressions, there remained significant positive associations between all plasma TFAs and body mass index, waist circumference, fat-free mass, fat mass, C-peptide, insulin, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, TGs, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and TC ( P < .001). In conclusion, our findings support a possible association between plasma TFAs concentrations and measures of glucose homeostasis and several CV risk factors.

scholarly journals The Prediction of Maternal Serum Alpha Fetoprotein Level and Fetal Nuchal Translucency, Forcases Involving Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Chen ◽  
Yijie Chen ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Wenwen Ning ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Nuchal Translucency ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Second Trimester Screening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Prelabor Rupture Of Membranes

Abstract Objective: To investigate whether the values of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and fetal nuchal translucency (NT) during the first and second trimesters can predict preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). Methods: This retrospective case-control study analyzed the first and second trimester screening indicators and maternal outcomes of gravidas who were divided into the Non-PPROM group (594) and the PPROM group (591). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the OR and 95% CI. ROC and AUC were used for screening performance of AFP and NT. Results: The values of NT and AFP in the PPROM group were higher than the control group and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference with respect to PAPP-A, free-β hCG, and the calculated risk of trisomy 18 (all P>0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that NT and AFP MoM were risk factors for PPROM, with ORs of 1.719 and 3.549, respectively. The AUC according to the ROC for NT, AFP MoM and maternal weight in the first trimester +NT+AFP were 0.552, 0.618 and 0.630. Conclusions: NT and AFP during the first and second trimesters were identified as risk factors for PPROM and valuable markers to predict PPROM in late pregnancy. Multi-index joint prediction was more effective.

Utility of anthropometric indicators to screen for clustered cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Maria Bianchini de Quadros ◽  
Alex Pinheiro Gordia ◽  
Alynne Christian Ribeiro Andaki ◽  
Edmar Lacerda Mendes ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Anthropometric indicators are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF), but there is no consensus as to which indicator is the most suitable to screen for clustered CMRF. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of five anthropometric indicators to screen for clustered CMRF in children and adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1139 schoolchildren aged 6–17 years from Northeastern Brazil. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and subscapular (SSF) and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. The following CMRF were evaluated: elevated total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high triglyceride concentration, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure. The participants were categorized into no CMRF, 1 CMRF, 2 CMRF and ≥3 CMRF. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the accuracy of the anthropometric indicators in predicting CMRF for age group and sex. Results Poor associations were observed between the anthropometric indicators and 1 CMRF (accuracy of 0.49–0.64). The indicators showed moderate associations with 2 CMRF (accuracy of 0.57–0.75) and ≥3 CMRF (accuracy of 0.59–0.79). In general, TSF exhibited the worst performance in predicting CMRF, followed by WHtR. The highest accuracies were observed for BMI, WC and SSF, with no significant difference between these indicators. Conclusions The routine use of BMI, WC and SSF as epidemiological screening tools for clustered CMRF in childhood and adolescence should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Liver fat content is independently associated with microalbuminuria in a normotensive, euglycaemic Chinese population: a community-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044237
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Mingfeng Xia ◽  
Hui Ma ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Hongmei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

ObjectiveNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with microalbuminuria (MA) in patients with diabetes/pre-diabetes. Whether this association is mediated by blood glucose and blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. This study investigated whether liver fat content (LFC) was associated with MA in a normotensive and non-diabetic population.DesignA cross-sectional substudy.SettingsLFC was determined from the hepatic/renal echogenicity ratio at ultrasound. MA was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30–300 µg/mg (early- morning urine sample). Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate LFC as a predictor of MA.ParticipantsBetween May 2010 and June 2011, this cross-sectional, community-based study enrolled residents from Shanghai (China), aged ≥40 years and with normal glucose tolerance and BP.ResultsA total of 550 residents (median age, 57 years; 174 men) were enrolled and stratified according to LFC quartiles. ACR (p<0.001) and MA prevalence (p=0.012) increased across the LFC quartiles. Multivariable logistic regression showed that the OR for MA (per SD increase in LFC) was 1.840 (95% CI 1.173 to 2.887, p=0.008) after adjustment for potential confounders including age, gender, waist-hip ratio, blood urea nitrogen, systolic and diastolic BP, fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate and lipid-lowering drugs. The ROC analysis revealed that the optimal LFC cut-off value for predicting MA was 6.82%.ConclusionLFC is independently associated with MA in normotensive, euglycaemic middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. Screening for MA in people with NAFLD might facilitate early intervention to minimise kidney disease risk.

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