scholarly journals Sex, Age, and BMI Modulate the Association of Physical Examinations and Blood Biochemistry Parameters and NAFLD: A Retrospective Study on 1994 Cases Observed at Shuguang Hospital, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengli Tang ◽  
Minh Pham ◽  
Yiming Hao ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Devashru Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Study Participants

Objective. Previous studies have shown that some metabolic risk factors are related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This retrospective study was performed to investigate the associations between physical examinations and blood biochemistry parameters and NAFLD status and to identify possible risk factors of NAFLD. Methods. Study participants underwent general physical examinations, blood biochemistry, and abdominal ultrasound evaluations. In addition, data regarding sex, age, ethnicity, medical history, and alcohol consumption of participants were recorded. Among the study participants (N=1994), 57.8% were male, 41.2% over the age of 50, and 52.6% with BMI≥24. 986 patients had NAFLD and 1008 had no NAFLD. We used effect size analysis and logistic regression to determine which physical examinations and blood biochemistry parameters were significant for the association between these parameters and NAFLD status. Results. Both the effect size and logistic regression indicated that BMI, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), and serum uric acid (SUA) show a significant association with NAFLD. Females are overall at a higher risk of NAFLD, but factors such as high BMI, DBP, TG, and SUA increase the associated risk for both sexes. Compared with males, females have a higher risk of NAFLD given that they are over 50, overweight and obese (BMI at or over 24), or have high SUA. In terms of age, people older than 50 with high SUA, and people younger than 50 with high DBP and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) all increase the risk of NAFLD. For BMI, high DBP and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are risk factors for NAFLD in overweight and obese people (BMI at or over 24), whereas in normal weight and underweight people (BMI under 24), elevated LDL-C increases the risk of NAFLD. Conclusions. Our results revealed sex, age, and BMI modulate the association of physical examinations and blood biochemistry parameters and NAFLD, which may facilitate the development of personalized early warning and prevention strategies of NAFLD for at-risk populations.

scholarly journals The association of lipoprotein(a) and intraplaque neovascularization in patients with carotid stenosis: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Xia ◽  
Weida Qiu ◽  
Anping Cai ◽  
Bo Kong ◽  
Lan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Lipoprotein(a) is genetically determined and increasingly recognized as a major risk factor for arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We examined whether plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were associated with intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) grade in patients with carotid stenosis and in terms of increasing plaque susceptibility to haemorrhage and rupture. Methods We included 85 patients diagnosed with carotid stenosis as confirmed using carotid ultrasound who were treated at Guangdong General Hospital. Baseline data, including demographics, comorbid conditions and carotid ultrasonography, were recorded. The IPN grade was determined using contrast-enhanced ultrasound through the movement of the microbubbles. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between lipoprotein(a) and IPN grade, with stepwise adjustment for covariates including age, sex, comorbid conditions and statin therapy (model 1), total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol calculated by Friedwald's formula, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B (model 2), maximum plaque thickness and total carotid maximum plaque thickness, degree of carotid stenosis and internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion (model 3). Results Lipoprotein(a) was a significant predictor of higher IPN grade in binary logistic regression before adjusting for other risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 1.238, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.020, 1.503), P = 0.031). After adjusting for other risk factors, lipoprotein(a) still remained statistically significant in predicting IPN grade in all model. (Model 1: OR 1.333, 95% CI 1.074, 1.655, P = 0.009; Model 2: OR 1.321, 95% CI 1.059, 1.648, P = 0.014; Model 3: OR 1.305, 95% CI 1.045, 1.628, P = 0.019). Lp(a) ≥ 300 mg/L is also significantly related to IPN compare to < 300 mg/L (OR 2.828, 95% CI 1.055, 7.580, P = 0.039) as well as in model 1, while in model 2 and model 3 there are not significant difference. Conclusions Plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were found to be independently associated with higher IPN grade in patients with carotid stenosis. Lowering plasma lipoprotein(a) levels may result in plaque stabilization by avoiding IPN formation.

scholarly journals Liver fat content is independently associated with microalbuminuria in a normotensive, euglycaemic Chinese population: a community-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044237
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Mingfeng Xia ◽  
Hui Ma ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Hongmei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

ObjectiveNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with microalbuminuria (MA) in patients with diabetes/pre-diabetes. Whether this association is mediated by blood glucose and blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. This study investigated whether liver fat content (LFC) was associated with MA in a normotensive and non-diabetic population.DesignA cross-sectional substudy.SettingsLFC was determined from the hepatic/renal echogenicity ratio at ultrasound. MA was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30–300 µg/mg (early- morning urine sample). Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate LFC as a predictor of MA.ParticipantsBetween May 2010 and June 2011, this cross-sectional, community-based study enrolled residents from Shanghai (China), aged ≥40 years and with normal glucose tolerance and BP.ResultsA total of 550 residents (median age, 57 years; 174 men) were enrolled and stratified according to LFC quartiles. ACR (p<0.001) and MA prevalence (p=0.012) increased across the LFC quartiles. Multivariable logistic regression showed that the OR for MA (per SD increase in LFC) was 1.840 (95% CI 1.173 to 2.887, p=0.008) after adjustment for potential confounders including age, gender, waist-hip ratio, blood urea nitrogen, systolic and diastolic BP, fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate and lipid-lowering drugs. The ROC analysis revealed that the optimal LFC cut-off value for predicting MA was 6.82%.ConclusionLFC is independently associated with MA in normotensive, euglycaemic middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. Screening for MA in people with NAFLD might facilitate early intervention to minimise kidney disease risk.

Coronary Risk Factors in Adolescents Related to Their Knowledge of Familial Coronary Heart Disease and Hypercholesterolemia: The Muscatine Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-451
Author(s):  
Linda E. Muhonen ◽  
Richard P. Nelson ◽  
Trudy L. Burns ◽  
Ronald M. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Coronary Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of

Objective. To determine the utility of a school-based questionnaire, to identify adolescents with adverse coronary risk factor levels. Design. In Muscatine, IA, students (9th through 12th grade) completed a questionnaire providing medical history information about first- and second-degree relatives. Anthropometric measures were obtained and blood pressure, lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels were determined. Results. A history of parental coronary heart disease (CHD) was rare and a history of parental high cholesterol frequently was unknown; however, when known, a history of high cholesterol or early (30 to 55 years of age) or later (&gt;55 years of age) CHD (myocardial infarction, coronary bypass, or death from a heart attack) in grandfathers enriched the identification of adolescents with adverse coronary risk factors. Parental history of CHD was associated with an increased risk for high body mass index and low apolipoprotein A1 levels in their children. Grandfather history of early or later CHD was associated with an increased risk for low apolipoprotein A1 and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high body mass index in their grandchildren. Students with positive grandfather histories of high cholesterol had higher total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios. Grandmother histories, because most were negative, did not help identify adolescents in this population with adverse coronary risk factors. Conclusions. A parental history of CHD as well as a grandfather history of high cholesterol or CHD enriches the identification of children with adverse coronary risk factor levels. The positive predictive values associated with using a school-based history obtained from adolescents, many with the aid of their parents, are small and many adolescents do not know their family history. It is essential that pediatricians inquire about parental and especially grandparental medical histories in accordance with the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines to help identify children at highest familial risk. The importance of determining parental and grandparental histories of CHD or hypercholesterolemia should be emphasized to families who are uncertain of their histories to identify children and adolescents who require a physician's care. It is also important for pediatricians to remind their colleagues who care for patients with premature ischemic heart disease to refer their progeny for pediatric care so that their lipids and lipoproteins may be screened and counseling provided.

Effectiveness of the Complete Health Improvement Program in a Geriatric Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110493
Author(s):  
Emily Scriven ◽  
Bhakti Chavan ◽  
David Drozek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Complete Health

The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) is an intensive therapeutic lifestyle modification program (ITLMP) with well-documented success in decreasing risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Plant-based diets and physical activity are components of the program that contribute to these improvements. Yet, there are few studies on how ITLMPs affect risk factors specifically for the geriatric population. The goal of this study was to examine results of CHIP participants with a focus on the older (greater than 65 years) population in Athens, Ohio. Retrospective data from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed for 26 CHIP classes. Recorded variables included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), blood glucose (BG), and exercise level. Among geriatric participants, significant changes were found in BMI, BP, TC, LDL, HDL, BG, and exercise level ( P < .001). As compared to the younger population, changes in variables were equivalent in the geriatric population in all variables ( P > .05). These improvements in CVD risk factors among the elderly support the hypothesis that CHIP should be considered for CVD prevention and treatment in the geriatric population.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Healthy Eating Pattern Cycling on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Pooled Results from Two Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren O'Connor ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
R. Drew Sayer ◽  
Jane Hennessy ◽  
Wayne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Pattern

Adherence to healthy eating patterns (HEPs) is often short-lived and can lead to repetitive attempts of adopting—but not maintaining—HEPs. We assessed effects of adopting, abandoning, and readopting HEPs (HEP cycling) on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD-RF). We hypothesized that HEP cycling would improve, worsen, and again improve CVD-RF. Data were retrospectively pooled for secondary analyses from two randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trials (n = 60, 52 ± 2 years, 30.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2) which included two 5–6 week HEP interventions (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension-style or Mediterranean-style) separated by a four-week unrestricted eating period. Ambulatory and fasting blood pressures (BP), fasting serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin were measured before and during the last week of HEP interventions. Fasting systolic BP and total cholesterol decreased (−6 ± 1 mm Hg and −19 ± 3 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.05), returned to baseline, then decreased again (−5 ± 1 mm Hg and −13 ± 3 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.05) when adopting, abandoning, and readopting a HEP; magnitude of changes did not differ. Ambulatory and fasting diastolic BP and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations followed similar patterns; glucose and insulin remained unchanged. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased with initial adoption but not readoption (−13 ± 3 and −6 ± 3, respectively, interaction p = 0.020). Healthcare professionals should encourage individuals to consistently consume a HEP for cardiovascular health but also encourage them to try again if a first attempt is unsuccessful or short-lived.

scholarly journals Effect of Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen on The Risk of Synchronous Liver Metastasis: A Retrospective Study of 868 Consecutive Patients of Newly Diagnosed Gastric Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingya Wang ◽  
Haijun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

Abstract Background. The study aimed to explore the influence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the risk of synchronous gastric cancer liver metastasis (synGCLM).Methods. This was a retrospective study which enrolled 868 patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer (GC). The study compared the prevalence of synGCLM between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive (HBsAg+) and -negative (HBsAg-) patients. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the risk factors for synGCLM. Among patients with and without synGCLM, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), liver fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status were further analyzed. Results. The prevalence of synGCLM in the HBsAg+ patients was higher than that in the HBsAg- patients, which was statistically significant (P = 0.025). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that HBsAg, the elevated level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were risk factors for synGCLM. Among the HBsAg+ patients, both ARPI and FIB-4 were significantly higher in the patients with synGCLM (synGCLM+) than those without synGCLM (synGCLM-) (ARPI: P = 0.045; FIB-4: P = 0.047); HBeAg positivity was detected in 20.0% of synGCLM+ patients compared to 6.0% of synGCLM- patients, but the difference was of no significance (P = 0.190). Conclusions. HBV infection significantly increases the risk of synGCLM, and elevated ARPI and FIB-4 may be pro-metastatic especially among the HBsAg+ GC patients.

scholarly journals Low HDL Cholesterol, Smoking and IL-13 R130Q Polymorphism are Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Greek Cypriot Males. A Pilot Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavroulla Xenophontos ◽  
Marilena Hadjivassiliou ◽  
Alexandros Karagrigoriou ◽  
Nafsika Demetriou ◽  
George Miltiadous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Greek Cypriot ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
First Time ◽  
Control Study

This study was carried out in Greek Cypriot males to identify risk factors that predispose to myocardial infarction (MI). Genetic and lipid risk factors were investigated for the first time in a Greek Cypriot male case-control study.Contrary to other studies, mean low density lipoprotein cholesterol did not differ between cases and controls. High density lipoprotein cholesterol on the other hand, although within normal range in cases and controls, was significantly higher in the control population. In agreement with many other studies, smoking was significantly more prevalent in cases compared with controls. In pooled cases and controls, smokers had a significantly lower HDL-C level compared with non-smokers. The frequency of the IL-13 R130Q homozygotes for the mutation (QQ), as well as the mutant allele were significantly higher in cases compared with controls. The IL-13 R130Q variant, or another locus, linked to it, may increase the risk of MI.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Atrial Arrhythmia in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiya Lu ◽  
Zhijing Wang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Changqing Yang ◽  
Meiyi Song
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Atrial Arrhythmia

Background and Objectives: Liver cirrhosis is known to be associated with atrial arrhythmia. However, the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis remain unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: In the present study, we collected data from 135 patients with liver cirrhosis who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology at Shanghai Tongji Hospital. We examined the clinical information recorded, with the aim of identifying the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to screen for significant factors differentiating liver cirrhosis patients with atrial arrhythmia from those without atrial arrhythmia.Results: The data showed that there were seven significantly different factors that distinguished the group with atrial arrhythmia from the group without atrial arrhythmia. The seven factors were age, white blood cell count (WBC), albumin (ALB), serum Na+, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ascites, and Child-Pugh score. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that age (β = 0.094, OR = 1.098, 95% CI 1.039–1.161, P = 0.001) and ascites (β =1.354, OR = 3.874, 95% CI 1.202–12.483, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with atrial arrhythmia.Conclusion: In the present study, age and ascites were confirmed to be risk factors associated with atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Aerobic Capacity, Obesity, and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Male Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-818
Author(s):  
Raymond R. Fripp ◽  
James L. Hodgson ◽  
Peter O. Kwiterovich ◽  
John C. Werner ◽  
H. Gregg Schuler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Correlations between aerobic capacity, obesity, and atherosclerotic risk factors were evaluated in adolescents with low-to-moderate levels of physical fitness. Subjects with higher levels of fitness had a more favorable risk profile with decreased body mass index, lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and plasma triglyceride levels, and higher plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Simple linear regression analysis revealed an association between body mass index and blood pressure, plasma triglyceride and plasma highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol. The level of aerobic fitness as determined by exercise duration was also associated with the same atherosclerotic risk factors. However, multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that body mass index provided the largest explanation, by those variables examined, of the interindividual variance in blood pressure, plasma triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Aerobic fitness contributed only minimally to the variation in these risk factors. These findings suggest that if aerobic conditioning is used to modify atherosclerotic risk factors, it should be accompanied by a reduction in weight in adolescents with low-to-moderate levels of physical fitness.

Abstract 155: Evaluation of Dyslipidemia Control and Its Risk Factors of Cardiac Outpatients

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Nazar Talib Al-Ani ◽  
Hadeer Akram AbdulRazzaq Al-Ani ◽  
Hanan Hussein ◽  
Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman ◽  
Aseel Hadi Abdulameer Al-Hashimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Objective: is to assess the dyslipidemia control and demographic differences in lipid patterns among dyslipidemic cardiac patients. Method: data based a retrospective analysis of 504 persons (age mean 58.16 ± 11.119 years) was conducted in Malaysia which estimated the lipid abnormalities in statin-treated patients. Demographic data including age, race, alcoholic and smoking status were collected. Lipid profiles including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured. Results: a desirable level of (TC) and (TG) were 62.2% and 54.4% respectively, optimal level of (LDL-C) was 66.5% and the normal level of (HDL-C) was 54.2%. Risk factor analysis of dyslipidemia was done with a primary focus on the possible impact of statin type, gender, race and dyslipidemia type. Atorvastatin was significantly more effective for primary dyslipidemia than simvastatin and lovastatin in HDL cholesterol ( p < 0.002), while in LDL cholesterol (p = 0.001) and total cholesterol (p < 0.03) simvastatin was significantly found more effective for primary dyslipidemia. A significant correlation emerged between gender and statin type in HDL cholesterol (p < 0.02) and total cholesterol TC (p < 0.001), atorvastatin is found more effective to be used by males than females. A correlation was also significant between gender and dyslipidemia type in HDL cholesterol (p < 0.01). Results for triglyceride reported a significant relationship between age, race and statin type (p < 0.001), atorvastatin was found to be more effective among Chinese while lovastatin was more effective among Indians. Finally 18.2% abnormality of HDL was explained by interactions of risk factors: first statin type and dyslipidemia type, second for gender and dyslipidemia type and the third was gender and statin type. Conclusions: more than 50% of cardiac outpatients were in an acceptable range of lipid profile evaluation. This could support the need for increasing attention to basic monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors in these dyslipidemic patients particularly in Asian population.

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