scholarly journals Home-based screen time behaviors amongst youth and their parents: familial typologies and their modifiable correlates

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Arundell ◽  
Kate Parker ◽  
Anna Timperio ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
Jenny Veitch
Keyword(s):  
Parental Support ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Home Work ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Excessive screen time behaviors performed by children and parents at home is a major public health concern. Identifying whether child and parent screen time behaviors cluster and understanding correlates of these familial clusters can help inform interventions for the whole family. This study characterized familial typologies of screen time behaviors and identified key modifiable correlates of these typologies. Methods Parents participating in the cross-sectional Sitting in the Home (SIT) study reported the duration (mins/day) they and their child (aged 11.2 ± 2.62 years) spent in six screen time behaviors at home (computer/laptop for home/work, computer/laptop for leisure, TV/videos/DVDs, tablet/smart phone for home/work, tablet/smart phone for leisure, and electronic games) and completed items related to 21 potential correlates framed by an adapted Social Cognitive Theory, Family Perspective. Latent Class Analysis was used to identify typologies based on parent and child data for the six behaviors. Multinomial logistic regression analysis assessed the relative risk of typology membership for each potential correlate, adjusting for child and parent age and sex. Results The sample comprised 542 parent-child dyads (parents: 40.7 ± 6.3 yrs., 94% female; children: 11.2 ± 2.6 yrs., 46% female). Three typologies were identified: 1) high computer/moderate TV (n = 197); 2) high TV/tablet/smartphone, low computer (n = 135); and 3) low-screen users (n = 210). ‘Low-screen users’ spent the least amount of time in all screen time behaviors (assigned as reference category). Greater child preference for screen time behaviors, parental support for screen time behaviors and frequency of homework requiring a tablet/laptop were associated with higher odds of being in the ‘high computer/moderate TV’ typology. The odds of being in the ‘high TV/tablet/smartphone, low computer’ typology were greater amongst children with a higher preference for screen time behaviors, and lower among more active parents. Conclusions Three familial typologies of screen time behaviors were identified. The findings highlight that screen time in the home can be influenced by the home environment, parental behaviours and role modelling, child preferences as well as school policies. Findings can inform the development of family screen time interventions, however more research exploring the influence of factors outside of the home is warranted.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Students Meeting Components of Canada’s New 24-Hour Movement Guidelines over Time in the COMPASS Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5326 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Claire Buchan ◽  
Valerie Carson ◽  
Guy Faulkner ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
Scott T. Leatherdale
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Sport ◽  
The Individual

This study aimed to determine if secondary school students are meeting the new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-MG), as well as each individual recommendation (physical activity; sleep; sedentary behavior) within the 24-MG, and which student-level characteristics predict meeting the 24-MG, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This study is the first to examine longitudinal changes in students meeting the 24-MG, as well as student-level characteristics that were predictive of favourable shifts in movement patterns. Cross-sectional data were obtained for 11,793 grade 9 students across Canada as part of the COMPASS study. Of this sample, 3713 students provided linked follow-up data from grade 9 to grade 12. The probability of meeting the guidelines was modeled using two-level logistic regression analyses, adjusting for student-level co-variates and school clustering. Only 1.28% (p < 0.0001) of the sample met the overall 24-MG. Among grade 9 students, 35.9% (p < 0.0001), 50.8% (p < 0.0001), and 6.4% (p < 0.0001) were meeting the individual recommendations for physical activity, sleep, and screen time, respectively. Of those students, less than half were still meeting them by grade 12. Community sport participation was the only predictor of all three individual recommendations within the 24-MG. Longitudinal analyses found that community sport participation and parental support and encouragement were significantly associated with Grade 12 students starting to meet the physical activity and screen time recommendations, respectively, after having not met them in grade 9. Findings can be used to inform policy and public health practice, as well as to inform future research examining causal relationships between the variables.

scholarly journals Assessment of Depression Severity During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Among the Palestinian Population: A Growing Concern and an Immediate Consideration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzeh Al Zabadi ◽  
Thair Alhroub ◽  
Noor Yaseen ◽  
Maryam Haj-Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Prevalence ◽  
Normal Degree

Background: Aggressive quarantine and lockdown measures were implemented as protective public health actions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Assessing the psychological effects associated with these measures is an important attempt to inform local policymakers in an early stage. Yet little is known about these effects, specifically depression, among the Palestinians. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of depression among the Palestinian community during this pandemic.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey throughout social media (Facebook and Instagram) was carried out using an anonymous online questionnaire. The validated and standardized depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) was used to measure depression severity. A snowball technique recruiting the general public living in Palestine was conducted. Data were collected between 6 and 16 April 2020, which corresponded to the middle interval of strict massive lockdown in Palestine on 22 March to 5 May 2020. Multinomial logistic regression model was developed to predict depression severity.Results: About 2,819 respondents filled out the questionnaire. Depression prevalence was (57.5%; n = 1,621). Out of them, 66% had mild/moderate severity, and 34% had severe/extremely severe degree. Depression severity was negatively associated with age {mild/moderate degree [OR (95% CI) = 0.98 (0.97–0.99)] and severe/extremely severe [OR (95% CI) = 0.96 (0.94–0.97)]} degrees compared with normal degree. Males were significantly less likely to have higher depression than females {mild/moderate degree [OR (95% CI) = 0.69 (0.57–0.85)] and severe/extremely severe [OR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.40–0.86)]} degree. However, those who reported having inadequate food supply and lesser monthly incomes were more likely to have a higher degree of depression as compared with normal degree. Single persons were significantly more likely to have mild/moderate depression than those in a relationship [OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.05–1.64)].Conclusions: High depression prevalence (57.5%) among the Palestinian community during the COVID-19 pandemic is a growing public health concern. It is essential to provide psychological counseling and treatment during and after the pandemic for the targeted people at high risk (young age/female gender) who were affected psychologically. Strategic long-term policy to address pandemic ramifications, including depression, by implementing comprehensive interventions taking into account socioeconomic disparities, vulnerability, and inequities, is crucial to emerge from this crisis in Palestine.

Screen time exposure and reporting of headaches in young adults: A cross-sectional study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1020-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Montagni ◽  
Elie Guichard ◽  
Claire Carpenet ◽  
Christophe Tzourio ◽  
Tobias Kurth
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Time Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective The objective of this article is to investigate whether excessive screen time exposure is associated with non-migraine headache and migraine in young adults. Background Increased levels of television time have been associated with increased risk of headache. However, time spent using newer electronic devices with a screen (smartphone, tablet) has not been examined yet. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 4927 participants of the French i-Share cohort. Demographic characteristics, screen time exposure (computers, tablets, smartphones and television) as well as headache/migraine symptoms were recorded in a standardized questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between screen time exposure and headache status. Results Participants had a mean age of 20.8 years and 75.5% were female. The multivariable model showed that students in the highest screen time exposure quintile had an increased risk for migraine. The odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 1.37 (1.14 to 1.66) for migraine when compared with students without headache and with low screen time exposure. This association was somewhat stronger for migraine without aura (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.89). We found no significant association between screen time exposure and non-migraine headache. Conclusion High levels of screen time exposure are associated with migraine in young adults. No significant association was found with non-migraine headache.

scholarly journals Are associations between home environment and preschool children’s sedentary time influenced by parental educational level in a cross-sectional survey?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elviira Lehto ◽  
Reetta Lehto ◽  
Carola Ray ◽  
Riikka Pajulahti ◽  
Nina Sajaniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Educational Level

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Sedentary time (SED) is an important predictor of obesity. To be able to diminish SED it is important to find modifiable predictors of sedentary behavior. The home environment associated with children’s SED may vary by parental socioeconomic status. This study aims to clarify the association between parental educational level (PEL) and the home environment of 3–6-year-old children, and to examine how home environment associates with children’s SED, and whether PEL modifies these associations. Methods: A cross-sectional Increased health and wellbeing in preschools (DAGIS) study was conducted in 2015–2016 in Finland. The parents (n=809) filled in questionnaires assessing PEL, and the home physical and social environment related to children’s SED. Children’s SED was measured with accelerometers, which the children (n=745) wore for one week. Results: High PEL was associated with a home environment restraining sedentary behaviour compared with low PEL. Stricter descriptive norms about screen time, considering it important to limit the child’s screen time, and satisfaction about the child’s screen time associated with children’s lower SED. The association with parental psychological control and SED was influenced by PEL. In the PEL stratified analyses, however, the associations between psychological control and SED did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Future interventions aiming to decrease SED should pay attention to relevant factors in children’s sedentary behaviour home environment. It is important to acknowledge the possible PEL differences in these factors.

scholarly journals Changes in Solo and Partnered Sexual Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a U.S. Probability Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon J. Hensel ◽  
Molly Rosenberg ◽  
Maya Luetke ◽  
Tsung-chieh Fu ◽  
Debby Herbenick
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Item Scale ◽  
At Home

AbstractBackgroundResearch demonstrates that pandemics adversely impact sexual and reproductive health (SRH), but few have examined their impact on people’s participation in sex. We examined self-reported changes in solo and sexual behaviors in U.S. adults during early stages of the public health response to COVID-19.MethodsWe conducted an online, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of U.S. adults (N=1010; aged 18-94 years; 62% response rate) from April 10-20, 2020. We used weighted multinomial logistic regression to examine past month self-reported changes (decreased, stable or increased) in ten solo and partnered sexual behaviors. Predictor variables included: having children at home, past month depressive symptoms, (ACHA 3-item scale), past month loneliness (UCLA 3-Item Loneliness scale), COVID-19 protection behaviors (adapted 12-item scale), perceived COVID-19 consequences (adapted 10-item scale) and COVID-19 knowledge (adapted 10-item scale).ResultsNearly half of all adults reported some kind of change – most commonly, a decrease – in their sexual behavior in the past month. Having elementary aged children at home, past month depressive symptoms and loneliness and enacting more COVID-19 protective behaviors were associated with both reduced partnered bonding behaviors, such as hugging, cuddling, holding hands and kissing, as well as reduced partnered sexual behaviors, such as oral sex, partnered genital touching and vaginal sex. Greater COVID-19 risk perception and greater COVID-19 knowledge were associated with mixed effects in behavior outcomes.ConclusionsOur data illustrate the very personal ways in which different pandemic-associated factors may create or inhibit opportunities for solo and partnered sex. The centrality of sexuality to health and well-being – even during pandemics – means that a critical piece of public health prevention and management responses should is ensuring that services and resource that support positive sexual decision making remain open and available.

scholarly journals Classification of main meal patterns – a latent class approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 2285-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei C. Wang ◽  
Anthony Worsley ◽  
Victoria Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Food Knowledge ◽  
Main Meal ◽  
At Home

Relatively little examination of the meals that are prepared in households has been conducted, despite their well-defined properties and widespread community interest in their preparation. The purpose of the present study was to identify the patterns of main meal preparation among Australian adult household meal preparers aged 44 years and younger and 45 years and over, and the relationships between these patterns and likely socio-demographic and psychological predictors. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted by Meat and Livestock Australia among a representative sample of people aged 18–65 years in Australia in 2011. A total of 1076 usable questionnaires were obtained, which included categorical information about the main meal dishes that participants had prepared during the previous 6 months along with demographic information, the presence or absence of children at home, confidence in seasonal food knowledge and personal values. Latent class analysis was applied and four types of usage patterns of thirty-three popular dishes were identified for both age groups, namely, high variety, moderate variety, high protein but low beef and low variety. The meal patterns were associated differentially with the covariates between the age groups. For example, younger women were more likely to prepare a high or moderate variety of meals than younger men, while younger people who had higher levels of education were more likely to prepare high-protein but low-beef meals. Moreover, young respondents with higher BMI were less likely to prepare meals with high protein but low beef content. Among the older age group, married people were more likely to prepare a high or moderate variety of meals than people without partners. Older people who held strong universalist values were more likely to prepare a wide variety of meals with high protein but low beef content. For both age groups, people who had children living at home and those with better seasonal food knowledge were more likely to prepare a high variety of dishes. The identification of classes of meal users would enable health communication to be tailored to improve meal patterns. Moreover, the concept of meals may be useful for health promotion, because people may find it easier to change their consumption of meals rather than individual foods.

scholarly journals Are associations between home environment and preschool children’s sedentary time influenced by parental educational level in a cross-sectional survey?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elviira Lehto ◽  
Reetta Lehto ◽  
Carola Ray ◽  
Riikka Pajulahti ◽  
Nina Sajaniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Educational Level

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Sedentary time (SED) is an important predictor of obesity. To be able to diminish SED it is important to find modifiable predictors of sedentary behavior. The home environment associated with children’s SED may vary by parental socioeconomic status. This study aims to clarify the association between parental educational level (PEL) and the home environment of 3–6-year-old children, and to examine how home environment associates with children’s SED, and whether PEL modifies these associations. Methods: A cross-sectional Increased health and wellbeing in preschools (DAGIS) study was conducted in 2015–2016 in Finland. The parents (n=809) filled in questionnaires assessing PEL, and the home physical and social environment related to children’s SED. Children’s SED was measured with accelerometers, which the children (n=745) wore for one week.Results: High PEL was associated with a home environment restraining sedentary behaviour compared with low PEL. Stricter descriptive norms about screen time, considering it important to limit the child’s screen time, and satisfaction about the child’s screen time associated with children’s lower SED. The association with parental psychological control and SED was influenced by PEL. In the PEL stratified analyses, however, the associations between psychological control and SED did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Future interventions aiming to decrease SED should pay attention to relevant factors in children’s sedentary behaviour home environment. It is important to acknowledge the possible PEL differences in these factors.

Abstract P042: Association Between Covid-19 Pandemic Related Unemployment And Change In Sedentary Screen Time Among Previously Employed Adults

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Mattingly ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Status Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Association between COVID-19 Pandemic Related Unemployment and Change in Sedentary Screen Time among Previously Employed Adults Jennifer L. Mattingly, MPH & Megan E. Petrov, PhD Introduction: Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread job loss and disruptions in daily life. However, the role of job loss during the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviors such as sedentary screen time (SST) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between employment status change during the pandemic and change in SST. Methods: A 25-minute online survey was distributed through local and global social media from 5/21/2020-7/01/2020. A subsample of employed adults (n=417; M =38.45y, range: 18-75; 74.8.% women) provided complete self-reported pre-and during-COVID-19 employment status (categorized as remained employed and became unemployed), pre-and during-COVID-19 hours of daily SST for non-work-related purposes [low: <5h; high: >5]. Change in daily SST was categorized as low-low (ref), low-high, and high-high. The subsample of participants that changed from high to low SST in the sample was low and were removed from subsequent analyses. Multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to examine the association of change in employment status on change in SST while adjusting for age, gender, education level, body mass index, current minutes of physical activity per week, and current typical 24-hour sleep duration. Results: Of the 417 participants who were employed prior to the pandemic, 15.6% (n=675). Became Unemployed. The proportion of participants in the low-low, low-high, and high-high change in SST groups were 46.8% (n=195), 25.4% (n=106), and 27.8% (n=116), respectively. Relative to adults who remained employed, adults who became unemployed had a 3.02 greater odds (95%CI:1.51, 6.02) of being in the high-high change in SST group, and had a 2.54 greater odds (95%CI:1.23,5.25) of being in the low-high change in SST group relative to participants who were consistently low in SST. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study of an international, online sample of adults, becoming unemployed was associated with a greater odds of both maintaining high levels of sedentary screen time, and increasing sedentary screen time to high levels. Action to protect people in the workforce from job loss and employment disruption in times of global economic upheaval may prevent increased adoption of maladaptive lifestyle behaviors, such as high levels of SST.

scholarly journals Preschool children’s context-specific sedentary behaviours and parental socioeconomic status in Finland: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e016690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvi Määttä ◽  
Hanna Konttinen ◽  
Ari Haukkala ◽  
Maijaliisa Erkkola ◽  
Eva Roos
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paternal Education ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Parental Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Ses Differences ◽  
At Home

ObjectivesThis study examined the associations of parental socioeconomic status (SES) with preschoolers’ objectively measured sedentary time (SED) over the course of a week and with parent-reported children’s screen and reading times at home as indicators of sedentary behaviours (SB).DesignCross-sectional.SettingIn years 2015 and 2016 in Finland.Participants864 children, aged 3–6 years, with their parents.Outcome measuresChildren’s accelerometer data were transformed into average SED minutes per hour in different contexts (preschool, home during preschool days, weekend and total). Parent-reported children’s screen and reading times were expressed as average daily minutes. The SES indicators (maternal and paternal education and relative household income) were grouped into three categories. Linear or logistic regression analyses were used, with municipality, season, and children’s gender and age as covariates. CIs were adjusted for clustering at the preschool group level.ResultsChildren with low maternal (β=17.21, 95% CI: 8.71 to 25.71) and paternal (β=10.54, 95% CI: 0.77 to 20.30) education had more overall screen time at home than their more advantaged counterparts. SES differences in overall screen time were mostly explained by TV viewing. Children with low as opposed to high maternal education (β=−2.66, 95% CI: −4.95 to –0.38) had less reading time at home. Children whose fathers were on the middle (β=−1.15, 95% CI: −2.01 to –0.29) educational level had less weekend SED than those with high paternal education. Otherwise, parental SES was not related to objectively measured SED.ConclusionsThe results of this study highlight the fact that the associations between parental SES and preschoolers’ SB are dependent on the indicators of SES and SBs, and vary between different contexts. Generally, parental SES was not associated with SED, whereas some SES differences existed in screen time and reading time at home. Interventions aiming to diminish SES differences in children’s SB should focus on home hours.Trial registration numberISRCTN57165350.

Explaining Screen-Time Behavior Among Preschoolers in Northern India Using Multi Theory Model: A Parental Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110066
Author(s):  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Kavita Batra ◽  
Tejinder Pal Singh ◽  
Rohini Dua ◽  
Melinda Ickes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern India ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
The Social

Background Screen-time (ST) is the time spent on digital media. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the daily ST of less than an hour for preschoolers. However, increased ST among preschoolers is becoming a public health concern. Objective This study assessed the multi-theory model (MTM)'s applicability in explaining the ST behavior change among preschoolers through parents. Methods A quota sample of 72 parents was drawn from Northern India. Data were analyzed using multiple regression. Results Behavioral confidence (p < 0.001) and changes in the physical environment (p < 0.001) significantly predicted the initiation of reducing ST. The sustenance of limiting ST was significantly predicted by the emotional transformation (p < 0.001), practice for change (p < 0.001), and changes in the social environment (p = 0.001). Conclusions The study highlights the usability of the MTM model in designing and testing interventions for parents to limit ST among their children.

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