scholarly journals Optimization of lipase production using fungal isolates from oily residues

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Miranda Cesário ◽  
Giovanna Pinto Pires ◽  
Rafael Freitas Santos Pereira ◽  
Elisabete Fantuzzi ◽  
André da Silva Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Large Scale Production

Abstract Lipases are triacylglycerol hydrolases that catalyze hydrolysis, esterification, interesterification, and transesterification reactions. These enzymes are targets of several industrial and biotech applications, such as catalysts, detergent production, food, biofuels, wastewater treatment, and others. Microbial enzymes are preferable for large scale production due to ease of production and extraction. Several studies have reported that lipases from filamentous fungi are predominantly extracellular and highly active. However, there are many factors that interfere with enzyme production (pH, temperature, medium composition, agitation, aeration, inducer type, and concentration, etc.), making control difficult and burdening the process. This work aimed to optimize the lipase production of four fungal isolates from oily residues (Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., and Aspergillus sp.). The lipase-producing fungi isolates were morphologically characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The optimal lipase production time curve was previously determined, and the response variable used was the amount of total protein in the medium after cultivation by submerged fermentation. A complete factorial design 32 was performed, evaluating the temperatures (28 °C, 32 °C, and 36 °C) and soybean oil inducer concentration (2%, 6%, and 10%). Each lipase-producing isolate reacted differently to the conditions tested, the Aspergillus sp. F18 reached maximum lipase production, compared to others, under conditions of 32 °C and 2% of oil with a yield of 11,007 (µg mL−1). Penicillium sp. F04 achieved better results at 36 °C and 6% oil, although for Aspergillus niger F16 was at 36 °C and 10% oil and Aspergillus sp. F21 at 32 °C and 2% oil. These results show that microorganisms isolated from oily residues derived from environmental sanitation can be a promising alternative for the large-scale production of lipases. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Microbial-Physical Synthesis of Fe and Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Aspergillus niger YESM1 and Supercritical Condition of Ethanol

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Abdeen ◽  
Soraya Sabry ◽  
Hanan Ghozlan ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Gendy ◽  
Everett E. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Supercritical Condition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Biophysical Method

Magnetic Fe and Fe3O4 (magnetite) nanoparticles are successfully synthesized using Aspergillus niger YESM 1 and supercritical condition of liquids. Aspergillus niger is used for decomposition of FeSO4 and FeCl3 to FeS and Fe2O3, respectively. The produced particles are exposed to supercritical condition of ethanol for 1 hour at 300°C and pressure of 850 psi. The phase structure and the morphology measurements yield pure iron and major Fe3O4 spherical nanoparticles with average size of 18 and 50 nm, respectively. The crystal size amounts to 9 nm for Fe and 8 nm for Fe3O4. The magnetic properties are measured to exhibit superparamagnetic- and ferromagnetic-like behaviors for Fe and Fe3O4 nanoparticles, respectively. The saturation magnetization amounts to 112 and 68 emu/g for Fe and Fe3O4, respectively. The obtained results open new route for using the biophysical method for large-scale production of highly magnetic nanoparticles to be used for biomedical applications.

C Fibres - Mg Matrix Composites Produced by Squeeze Casting and Friction Stir Processing: Microstructure & Mechanical Behaviour

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1221-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mertens ◽  
Aude Simar ◽  
Francis Delannay
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Squeeze Casting ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Short Fibres

Mg-Al-Zn alloys have been reinforced with carbon fibres using either theliquid stateprocess of squeeze casting (SC), or friction stir processing (FSP), asolid stateprocess developed more recently and that appears as a promising alternative for the large-scale production of C-Mg composites. Both processes have shown their ability to produce sound composites with enhanced strength compared to the non-reinforced alloys. In SC composites, the unsized woven C fabric remains intact while in the FSP composites the sized C fabric is fragmented in short fibres, with an aspect ratio typically equal to 4, homogenously distributed in the Mg alloy matrix.

scholarly journals Effect of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Isolates, a Potential Bioherbicide for Amaranthus hybridus L. in Maize Culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Oluwaseun ADETUNJI ◽  
Julius Kola OLOKE ◽  
Gandham S. PRASAD ◽  
Isaac Oluseun ADEJUMO
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Screen House

The use of phytopathogenic fungi in biological control of weeds may represent a promising alternative to the use of chemicals and may lead to the sustainability of agro-ecosystems. In the current study, strain C1136 was developed into various formulations and their activities were compared with a chemical herbicides using glyphosate in a screen house, applying standard procedure. All the bioherbicide treatments gave significantly higher yield component on the following parameters: tasselling, number of cobs, day of silking, number of ears, number of grain/cob, weight of 100 grains, number of cob, weight of cob, and length of cob from maize when compared to the chemical-treated herbicides and weedy cheek. Moreover, the bioherbicidal formulation coded BH4 (32 g of semolina + 6 g kaolin + 20 mL of glycerol + mutant strain of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae + glucose+ sucrose + fructose + dextrose + lactose sugar + peptone) showed the highest activities when compared to other formulations. Conclusively, this study revealed that Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae C1136 strain has bioherbicidal activity and could therefore be exploited for large scale production of bioherbicides for weed control in conventional farming, to improve yield and enhance food security.

scholarly journals New lipase-producing Streptomyces isolated from halo-alkaline habitat in Wadi El Natrun: polyphasic identification and statistical optimization of enzyme production

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Mohamed ◽  
Hassan M. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Wadi El Natrun ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract Background Bioprospecting lipase producers in non-conventional habitats are the way to find special enzymes of diverse applications. Halo-alkaline marshes in Wadi El Natrun in Egypt are some of the most stable ecological systems in the world, and because of the double extremities of alkalinity and salinity, they harbor individual microbes capable of adapting stress conditions. Results Eight strains were recovered from the coastline soil of Al-Beida Lake in Wadi El Natrun and have been tested for lipase production. Among the eight isolates, the strain SBLWN_MH2 was the most active producer of lipase (7.5 U/ml). The crude SBLWN_MH2 lipase showed activity over a wide pH range (3.5 to 13) with an optimum pH at 10.5, and it was able to show more than 75% of its highest activity at pH elevated up to 13. The identification using phenotypic and genotypic methods strongly indicated that the strain SBLWN_MH2 belonged to the genus Streptomyces with a similarity of 99%. Thus, it has been given the suggested name Streptomyces sp. SBLWN_MH2 (MG593538). SBLWN_MH2 produced extracellular lipase in modified starch casein medium supplemented with different oils or Tween-80, and the potential production rate has been attained in the case of linseed oil after 3 days. Further experiments have been carried out to optimize medium composition through Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology, and it was possible to achieve more than 3.5-fold increase in lipase production. Conclusions The present study indicates that Streptomyces sp. SBLWN_MH2 is a potential lipase producer and could be fruitfully employed in the large-scale production of highly alkaline lipase.

Low-Temperature Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using the HDDR Process for Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
F.G. Benitez Jara ◽  
P. D. V. Cruz ◽  
Lusinete Pereira Barbosa ◽  
J.C.S. Casini ◽  
S. K. Sakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oxide Powder ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Scale Production

In the present work, attempts of reducing a graphene oxide powder using a low temperature hydrogenation disproportionation desorption and the recombination process (L-HDDR) has been carried out. A lower processing temperature in large scale production is significant when costs are concerned. Graphite oxide was prepared using a modified Hummers’ method dispersed in ethanol and exfoliated using ultrasonication to produce Graphene Oxide (GO). Investigations have been carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results of L-HDDR processing graphene oxide powder, using unmixed hydrogen at 400°C and relatively low pressures (<2 bars) have been reported. X-ray diffraction patterns showed a reduction of graphene oxide with the L-HDDR process. The results showed that both processes, the L-HDDR as well as the standard HDDR, may be applied to the reduction of graphene oxide in order to produce supercapacitor materials. The advantage of employing the L-HDDR process is a relatively low temperature reducing the cost of treatment, what is a very important factor for producing a large amount of material. Thus, the L-HDDR process has been considered a promising alternative method of reducing graphene oxide with efficiency, with the possibility of large scale production.

scholarly journals The Realm of Microbial Pigments in the Food Color Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babita Rana ◽  
Malini Bhattacharyya ◽  
Babita Patni ◽  
Mamta Arya ◽  
Gopal K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Food Colorants ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Impact On Biodiversity

Colors are added to food items to make them more attractive and appealing. Food colorants therefore, have an impressive market due to the requirements of food industries. A variety of synthetic coloring agents approved as food additives are available and being used in different types of food prepared or manufactured worldwide. However, there is a growing concern that the use of synthetic colors may exert a negative impact on human health and environment in the long run. The natural pigments obtained from animals, plants, and microorganisms are a promising alternative to synthetic food colorants. Compared to animal and plant sources, microorganisms offer many advantages such as no seasonal impact on the quality and quantity of the pigment, ease of handling and genetic manipulation, amenability to large scale production with little or no impact on biodiversity etc. Among the microorganisms algae, fungi and bacteria are being used to produce pigments as food colorants. This review describes the types of microbial food pigments in use, their benefits, production strategies, and associated challenges.

Simplified long term large scale production of highly active human lak cells for therapy

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
P. WersÄll ◽  
G. Masucci ◽  
P. Pihlstedt ◽  
H. Wigzel ◽  
H. Mellstedt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lak Cells ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Large Scale Production

I. S. A. Baud. Forms of Production and Women's Labour: Gender Aspects of Industrialisation in India and Mexico. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 1992. 321 pp.Hardbound. Price: Indian Rs 295.00.

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Naureen Talha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Mexican Society ◽  
Small Production

The literature on female labour in Third World countries has become quite extensive. India, being comparatively more advanced industrially, and in view of its size and population, presents a pictures of multiplicity of problems which face the female labour market. However, the author has also included Mexico in this analytical study. It is interesting to see the characteristics of developing industrialisation in two different societies: the Indian society, which is conservative, and the Mexican society, which is progressive. In the first chapter of the book, the author explains that he is not concerned with the process of industrialisation and female labour employed at different levels of work, but that he is interested in forms of production and women's employment in large-scale production, petty commodity production, marginal small production, and self-employment in the informal sector. It is only by analysis of these forms that the picture of females having a lower status is understood in its social and political setting.

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