scholarly journals Analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates from chickens and chicken meat products in Malaysia using PFGE, and MLST

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunita Zakaria ◽  
Latiffah Hassan ◽  
Zawiyah Sharif ◽  
Norazah Ahmad ◽  
Rohaya Mohd Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Abstract Background Salmonella is a very important foodborne pathogen causing illness in humans. The emergence of drug-resistant strains also constitutes a serious worry to global health and livestock productivity. This study investigated Salmonella isolates from chicken and chicken meat products using the phenotypic antimicrobial screening as well as the molecular characteristics of Salmonella isolates. Upon serotyping of the isolates, the antimicrobial susceptibility profiling using a panel of 9 commonly used antimicrobials was done. Subsequently, the molecular profiles of all the isolates were further determined using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and the Whole Genome Multi-Locus Sequence Type (wgMLST) analysis in order to obtain the sequence types. Results The PFGE data was input into FPQuest software, and the dendrogram generated was studied for possible genetic relatedness among the isolates. All the isolates were found to belong to the Salmonella Enteritidis serotype with notable resistance to tetracycline, gentamycin, streptomycin, and sulfadimidine. The S. Enteritidis isolates tested predominantly subtyped into the ST11 and ST1925, which was found to be a single cell variant of ST11. The STs were found to occur in chicken meats, foods, and live chicken cloacal swabs, which may indicate the persistence of the bacteria in multiple foci. Conclusion The data demonstrate the presence of S. Enteritidis among chickens, indicating its preference and reservoir status for enteric Salmonella pathogens.

scholarly journals Analysis of Salmonella enterica Enteritidis isolates from chicken and chicken meat products using PFGE, and MLST

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunita Zakaria ◽  
Latiffah Hassan ◽  
Zawiyah Sharif ◽  
Norazah Ahmad ◽  
Rohaya Mohd Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Cloacal Swab ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Abstract BackgroundSalmonella is a very important food-borne pathogen causing illness in humans. The emergence of drug-resistant strains also constitutes a serious worry to global health and livestock productivity. This study investigated Salmonella isolates from poultry and poultry products using the phenotypic antimicrobial screening as well as the molecular characteristics of Salmonella isolates. Upon serotyping of the isolates, the antimicrobial susceptibility profiling using a panel of 9 commonly used antimicrobials was done. Subsequently, the molecular profiles of all the isolates were further determined using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and the Whole Genome Multi-Locus Sequence Type (wgMLST) analysis in order to obtain the sequence types. ResultsThe PFGE data was input into FPQuest software, and the dendrogram generated was studied for possible genetic relatedness among the isolates. All the isolates were found to belong to the S. Enteritidis serotype with notable resistance to tetracycline, gentamycin, streptomycin, and sulfadimidine. The S. Enteritidis isolates tested predominantly subtyped into the ST11 and ST1925, which was found to be a single cell variant of ST11. The STs were found to occur in chicken meat, food, and live chicken cloacal swab, which may indicate the persistence of the bacteria in multiple foci. ConclusionThe data demonstrate the presence of S. Enteritidis among chicken, indicating its preference and reservoir status for enteric salmonella pathogens.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pullorum Isolated from Fresh Chicken Meat: Antibiotic Resistance and Genomic Traits of an Emerging Foodborne Pathogen

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (23) ◽  
pp. 8155-8163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor Borges ◽  
Andrea Santos ◽  
Cristina Belo Correia ◽  
Margarida Saraiva ◽  
Armelle Ménard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Type Vi Secretion System ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meat Samples

ABSTRACTMeat and meat products are important sources of human intestinal infections. We report the isolation ofHelicobacter pullorumstrains from chicken meat. Bacteria were isolated from 4 of the 17 analyzed fresh chicken meat samples, using a membrane filter method. MIC determination revealed that the four strains showed acquired resistance to ciprofloxacin; one was also resistant to erythromycin, and another one was resistant to tetracycline. Whole-genome sequencing of the four strains and comparative genomics revealed important genetic traits within theH. pullorumspecies, such as 18 highly polymorphic genes (including a putative new cytotoxin gene), plasmids, prophages, and a complete type VI secretion system (T6SS). The T6SS was found in three out of the four isolates, suggesting that it may play a role inH. pullorumpathogenicity and diversity. This study suggests that the emerging pathogenH. pullorumcan be transmitted to humans by chicken meat consumption/contact and constitutes an important contribution toward a better knowledge of the genetic diversity within theH. pullorumspecies. In addition, some genetic traits found in the four strains provide relevant clues to how this species may promote adaptation and virulence.

scholarly journals Virulence genotyping and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from meat and meat products in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Younis ◽  
R. M. Elkenany ◽  
H. A. Dowidar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene

Abstract Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica) is one of the food-borne entero-pathogen responsible for yersiniosis in humans. The purpose of this research was to survey the prevalence, virulence-associated genes, and antimicrobial resistance of Y. enterocolitica isolated from meat and meat product samples in Egypt. Forty-one (5.9%) out of 700- samples of chicken meat, beef, ground beef, and sausage were positive Y. enterocolitica with a high prevalence in chicken meat (12%). Five virulence genes (ail, inv, ystA, ystB, and yadA) were characterized among 41 Y. enterocolitica isolates with variable frequencies. Among the strains tested, the ystB gene was detected with a high percentage (78.1%), followed by inv gene (70.7%), ail gene (14.6%), ystA gene (12.2%), and yadA gene (2.4%). A high resistance rate was estimated to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100%), followed by cefazolin (95%), ampicillin (65.9%), and doxycycline (51.2%), whilst a high sensitivity rate was observed to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin (97.6% each). Interestingly, the multidrug resistance was specified in the 70.7% of strains and showing 13 resistance patterns. Based on nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16s rRNA gene, the phylogenetic tree showed the genetic relatedness amongst Y. enterocolitica isolates. These findings highlighted the emergence of virulent and multidrug-resistant pathogenic Y. entrocolitica in retailed meat and meat products in Egypt.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Chicken Meat in the west of Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
omid zarei ◽  
Leili Shokoohizadeh ◽  
Hadi Hossainpour ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Level

Abstract Objective: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is known as a crucial zoonotic foodborne pathogen. Totally, 257 raw chicken meat were collected from markets in Hamadan, west of Iran. The samples were cultured on selective culture media and the virulence genes of E. coli isolates were analyzed by PCR. The antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the disk diffusion method. The genetic relatedness of the E. coli O157 isolates was analyzed by ERIC-PCR. Results: Totally, 93 (36%; 95% CI 41.9- 30.1%) isolates were identified as E. coli. Based on microbiological tests, 36 (38.7%; 95% CI 48.6-28.8), 7 (7.5%; 95% CI 12.8-2.2%), and 12 (12.9%; 95% CI 19.7- 6.1%) of the E. coli isolates were characterized as STEC, Enteropathogenic E. coli, and attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC) strains, respectively. A high level of resistance to nalidixic acid (91.4%; 95% CI 97.1- 85.7%), tetracycline (89.8%; 95% CI 96.2-83.5%), ampicillin (82.8%; 95% CI 90.2-75.1%), and sulfametoxazole-trimotoprime (71%; 95% CI 80.2-61.8%) was detected among the E. coli isolates. The analysis of ERIC-PCR results showed five different ERIC types among the E. coli O157 isolates. Based on findings, control and check-up of poultry meats should be considered as a crucial issue for public health.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance is lower in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from antibiotic-free raw meat as compared to conventional raw meat

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haskell Kyler J. ◽  
Schriever Samuel R. ◽  
Fonoimoana Kenisi D. ◽  
Haws Benjamin ◽  
Hair Bryan B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
Resistance Selection ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

AbstractThe frequent use of antibiotics contributes to antibiotic resistance in bacteria, resulting in an increase in infections that are difficult to treat. Livestock are commonly administered antibiotics in their feed, but there is current interest in raising animals that are only administered antibiotics during active infections. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a common pathogen of both humans and livestock raised for human consumption. SA has achieved high levels of antibiotic resistance, but the origins and locations of resistance selection are poorly understood. We determined the prevalence of SA and MRSA in conventional and antibiotic-free (AF) meat products, and also measured rates of antibiotic resistance in these isolates. We isolated SA from raw conventional turkey, chicken, beef, and pork samples and also from AF chicken and turkey samples. We found that SA contamination was common, with an overall prevalence of 22.64% (range of 2.78-30.77%) in conventional meats and 13.0% (range of 12.5-13.2%) in AF poultry meats. MRSA was isolated from 15.72% of conventional raw meats (range of 2.78-20.41%) but not from AF-free meats. The degree of antibiotic resistance in conventional poultry products was significantly higher vs AF poultry products for a number of different antibiotics, and while multi-drug resistant strains were relatively common in conventional meats none were detected in AF meats. The use of antibiotics in livestock contributes to high levels of antibiotic resistance in SA found in meat products. Our results support the use of AF conditions for livestock in order to prevent antibiotic resistance development in SA.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Chicken Meat in the west of Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
omid zarei ◽  
Leili Shokoohizadeh(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Hadi Hossainpour ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani(New Corresponding Author)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Meat Samples

Abstract Objective: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is known as a crucial zoonotic foodborne pathogen. A total of 257 raw chicken meat samples were collected from different markets in Hamadan, west of Iran, from January 2016 to May 2017. The samples were cultured on selective and differential culture media and the virulence genes of E. coli isolates were analyzed by PCR assay. The antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli isolates were determined by the disk diffusion method. The genetic relatedness of the E. coli O157 isolates was analyzed by ERIC-PCR. Results: In total, 93 (36%) of the isolates were identified as E. coli in this study. Based on serological and microbiological tests, 36 (38.7%), 7 (7.5%), and 12 (12.9%) of the E. coli isolates were characterized as STEC, Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC) strains, respectively. A high level of resistance to nalidixic acid (91.4%), tetracycline (89.8), ampicillin (82.8%), and sulfametoxazole-trimotoprime (71%) was detected among the E. coli isolates. The analysis of the ERIC-PCR results showed five different ERIC types among the E. coli O157 isolates. Based on our findings, control and check-up of poultry meats should be considered as a crucial issue for public health.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Chicken Meat in the west of Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
omid zarei ◽  
Leili Shokoohizadeh ◽  
Hadi Hossainpour ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
High Level

Abstract Objective: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is known as a crucial zoonotic foodborne pathogen. Totally, 257 raw chicken meat were collected from markets in Hamadan, west of Iran. The samples were cultured on selective media and the virulence genes of E. coli isolates were analyzed by PCR. The antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the disk diffusion method. The genetic relatedness of the E. coli O157 isolates was analyzed by ERIC-PCR. Results: Totally, 93 (36%; 95% CI 41.9- 30.1%) isolates were identified as E. coli. Based on microbiological tests, 36 (38.7%; 95% CI 48.6-28.8), 7 (7.5%; 95% CI 12.8-2.2%), and 12 (12.9%; 95% CI 19.7- 6.1%) of the E. coli isolates were characterized as STEC, Enteropathogenic E. coli, and attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC) strains, respectively. A high level of resistance to nalidixic acid (91.4%; 95% CI 97.1- 85.7%), tetracycline (89.8%; 95% CI 96.2-83.5%), ampicillin (82.8%; 95% CI 90.2-75.1%), and sulfametoxazole-trimotoprime (71%; 95% CI 80.2-61.8%) was detected among the E. coli isolates. The analysis of ERIC-PCR results showed five different ERIC types among the E. coli O157 isolates. Based on findings. Control and check-up of poultry meats should be considered as a crucial issue for public health.

Design, Synthesis and Antiplasmodial Evaluation of Sulfoximine-triazole Hybrids as Potential Antimalarial Prototypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy F. Mabasa ◽  
Babatunde Awe ◽  
Dustin Laming ◽  
Henok H. Kinfe
Keyword(s):  
Alkyl Substituent ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
Falciparum Strain ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Background:Malaria, caused by the deadly Plasmodium falciparum strain, claims the lives of millions of people annually. The emergence of drug-resistant strains of P. falciparum to the artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), the last line of defense against malaria, is worrisome and urges for the development of new chemo-types with a new mode of action. In the search of new antimalarial agents, hybrids of triazoles and other known antimalarial drugs have been reported to possess better activity than either of the parent compounds administered individually. Despite their better activity, no hybrid antimalarial drugs have been developed so far.Objective:In the hope of developing new antimalarial prototypes, we propose the design, synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of novel sulfoximine-triazole hybrids owing to their interesting biological and physiological properties.Methods:The sulfoximine part of the hybrid will be synthesized via imidation of the corresponding sulfoxide. Propargylation of the NH moiety of the sulfoximine followed by copper-catalyzed click chemistry with benzyl azide was envisaged to provide the target sulfoximine-triazole hybrids.Results:Five novel sulfoximine-triazole hybrids possessing various substituents on the sulfoximine moiety have been successfully synthesized and evaluated for their antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity activities. The results revealed that the co-presence of the sulfoximine and triazole moieties along with a lipophilic alkyl substituent on the sulfur atom impart significant activity.Conclusion:Sulfoximine-triazole hybrids could be used as a prototype for the synthesis of new derivatives with better antiplasmodial activities.

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