scholarly journals Neurofibromin expression by normal salivary glands

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloá Borges Luna ◽  
Pâmella Pinho Montovani ◽  
Rafaela Elvira Rozza-de-Menezes ◽  
Karin Soares Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Neurofibromatosis 1 ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Sublingual Gland ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Ductal Cells

AbstractIntroductionNeurofibromin, a protein encoded by theNF1gene, is mutated in neurofibromatosis 1, one of the most common genetic diseases. Oral manifestations are common and a high prevalence of hyposalivation was recently described in individuals with neurofibromatosis 1. Although neurofibromin is ubiquitously expressed, its expression levels vary depending on the tissue type and developmental stage of the organism. The role of neurofibromin in the development, morphology, and physiology of salivary glands is unknown and a detailed expression of neurofibromin in human normal salivary glands has never been investigated.AimTo investigate the expression levels and distribution of neurofibromin in acinar and ductal cells of major and minor salivary glands of adult individuals without NF1.Material and methodTen samples of morphologically normal major and minor salivary glands (three samples of each gland: parotid, submandibular and minor salivary; and one sample of sublingual gland) from individuals without neurofibromatosis 1 were selected to assess neurofibromin expression through immunohistochemistry. Immunoquantification was performed by a digital method.ResultsNeurofibromin was expressed in the cytoplasm of both serous and mucous acinar cells, as well as in ducts from all the samples of salivary glands. Staining intensity varied from mild to strong depending on the type of salivary gland and region (acini or ducts). Ducts had higher neurofibromin expression than acinar cells (p = 0.003). There was no statistical association between the expression of neurofibromin and the type of the salivary gland, considering acini (p = 0.09) or ducts (p = 0.50) of the four salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, minor salivary, and sublingual gland). Similar results were obtained comparing the acini (p = 0.35) and ducts (p = 0.50) of minor and major salivary glands. Besides, there was no correlation between the expression of neurofibromin and age (p = 0.08), and sex (p = 0.79) of the individuals, considering simultaneously the neurofibromin levels of acini and duct (n = 34).ConclusionNeurofibromin is expressed in the cytoplasm of serous and mucous acinar cells, and ductal cells of salivary glands, suggesting that this protein is important for salivary gland function.

scholarly journals Morphologic Characteristics of the Submandibular Salivary Gland of the Collared Peccary (Tayassu Tajacu)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Souza Reginato ◽  
Cristina de Sousa Bolina ◽  
Moacir Franco Oliveira ◽  
Sonia Regina Yokomizo Almeida ◽  
Ii-sei Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Collared Peccary

Introduction Most salivary glands is located on the inside and around the oral cavity, and are divided into major and minor salivary glands. The aim of the present study was to describe the structural and ultrastructural morphological characteristics of the lingual tissue of the submandibular glands of the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu). Materials and Methods The submandibular glands (n = 10) of adult male collared peccaries ( T. tajacu) were used for histological and ultrastructural analysis. The techniques used were light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results The submandibular salivary glands of the collared peccary (T. tajacu) showed a capsule formed by a connective tissue containing the acinus and duct cells. Histologically, the nuclei located at the basal region of the cells was observed. The light polarized microscopy clearly showed the presence of type I and type III collagen. In the SEM image, the submandibular salivary gland revealed a round aspect separated in several lobules with bundles of collagen fibers. The vibratome sections showed the groupings of acinar cells, with intermingled secretory ducts containing vessels of different diameters. The secretory granules were noted in the apical portion of the acinar and ductal cells. The thick bundles of collagen fibers formed a glandular capsule and were identified around of the acinar and ductal cells in three-dimensional SEM images. The TEM images showed a number of secretory granules, especially in the apical region of the cytoplasm of the acinar cells and in the basal portion of the nuclei. The granular endoplasmic reticulum area, the euchromatic nuclei and the cytoplasmic projections may be seen. Mucous acinar cells separated by fine collagen fibers were also observed. Conclusion The morphological characteristics of the submandibular gland of the collared peccary is similar to that of other mammals with the same eating habits and habitat.

Peculiar histopathological features in minor salivary gland in lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1706-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Bologna ◽  
M M S Nico ◽  
G Florezi ◽  
W S Cavalcante ◽  
S V Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Vacuolar Degeneration ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology

Salivary glands (SGs) can be affected by lupus erythematosus (LE). Many authors debate whether this condition is a secondary manifestation of Sjögren syndrome (SS) or a glandular aspect of LE. The present study investigated the histopathological aspects of biopsied minor salivary glands from LE patients to analyze their peculiar features that lead to xerostomia. Twenty-three minor labial salivary gland (MLSG) cases were included in the study; the diagnosis of LE was rendered according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Twenty-three healthy MLSGs were used as a control, for comparison. Regarding lupus MLSG, the presence of hyalinization and thickening of ductal basement membrane, perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, epithelial spongiosis with no ductal lymphocytic aggression, vacuolar degeneration of the ductal cells and acinar serous metaplasia were statistically significant compared to the control group. In the LE group, there was a statistically significant correlation between acinar atrophy and acinar fibrosis; acinar atrophy and ductal ectasia; acinar fibrosis and ductal ectasia; ductal atrophy and ductal spongiosis with no lymphocytic focus, interstitial inflammatory infiltrate intensity and vasculitis as well as vascular thrombi and vasculitis. There were no morphological differences between the three subtypes of lupus analyzed. Minor salivary glands from patients diagnosed with LE present peculiar histopathological changes and may be a multisystemic presentation.

Terminal duct adenocarcinomas of the parotid gland

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie L. Kemp ◽  
John G. Batsakis ◽  
Adel K. El-Naggar ◽  
Sophia N. Kotliar ◽  
Mario A. Luna
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Parotid Neoplasms ◽  
Clinicopathological Study

AbstractThe major salivary glands are considered to rarely be the sites of primary terminal duct adenocarcinomas, a neoplasm with a considerable predilection for origin from intraoral minor salivary glands. We present a clinicopathological study of 22 terminal duct adenocarcinomas of the parotid gland, the largest single series to date. A comparison between the parotid neoplasms and over 200 minor salivary gland terminal duct adenocarcinomas indicates there is little difference in biological behaviour and confirms the low-grade quality of the carcinomas, regardless of site of origin.

scholarly journals Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Cervical Heterotopic Salivary Gland: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saman Vegari ◽  
Masoud Naderpour ◽  
Alireza Hemmati ◽  
Hosein Baybordi
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Pathologic Evaluation ◽  
Painless Mass

Introduction. Although pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm of the salivary glands, this tumor most commonly involves the minor salivary glands of palatal and rarely occurs in cervical region.Case Report. A 21-year-old female referred to our clinic due to painless mass of right upper region of neck. After paraclinical and pathologic evaluation, it was diagnosed as cervical pleomorphic adenoma.Conclusion. Pleomorphic adenoma may be rarely involving the neck. Although the prognosis is good, the choice treatment is the complete resection of the tumor.

SPM Receptor Expression and Localization in Irradiated Salivary Glands

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 523-534
Author(s):  
Harim Tavares dos Santos ◽  
Kihoon Nam ◽  
Jason P. Hunt ◽  
Luke O. Buchmann ◽  
Marcus M. Monroe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Resolution Of Inflammation ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
And Function

Radiation therapy–mediated salivary gland destruction is characterized by increased inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis, both of which ultimately lead to salivary gland hypofunction. However, current treatments (e.g., artificial saliva and sialagogues) only promote temporary relief of symptoms. As such, developing alternative measures against radiation damage is critical for restoring salivary gland structure and function. One promising option for managing radiation therapy–mediated damage in salivary glands is by activation of specialized proresolving lipid mediator receptors due to their demonstrated role in resolution of inflammation and fibrosis in many tissues. Nonetheless, little is known about the presence and function of these receptors in healthy and/or irradiated salivary glands. Therefore, the goal of this study was to detect whether these specialized proresolving lipid mediator receptors are expressed in healthy salivary glands and, if so, if they are maintained after radiation therapy–mediated damage. Our results indicate that specialized proresolving lipid mediator receptors are heterogeneously expressed in inflammatory as well as in acinar and ductal cells within human submandibular glands and that their expression persists after radiation therapy. These findings suggest that epithelial cells as well as resident immune cells represent potential targets for modulation of resolution of inflammation and fibrosis in irradiated salivary glands.

Salivary gland diseases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Robinson ◽  
Keith Hunter ◽  
Michael Pemberton ◽  
Philip Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Endocrine Disturbances ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Gland Function

The salivary glands consist of three paired major glands—parotid, sub­mandibular, and sublingual—and the countless minor salivary glands found in almost every part of the oral cavity, except the gingiva and anterior regions of the hard palate. The secretion of saliva is essential for the normal function and health of the mouth, and disorders of salivary gland function predispose to oral disease. Functional disorders in salivary secretion may be associated with primary salivary gland disease but in other cases are a consequence of systemic factors, such as medi­cations, endocrine disturbances, and neurological disease, which are discussed in Chapter 10. Developmental anomalies of the salivary glands are rare. Aplasia of one or more major glands and atresia of one or more major salivary gland ducts have been reported. Congenital aplasia of the parotid gland may be associated with other facial abnormalities, e.g. ectodermal dysplasia, mandibulofacial dysostosis, and hemifacial microsomia. Heterotopic salivary tissue has been reported from a variety of sites in the head and neck region, the most frequent being its inclusion at the angle, or within the body, of the mandible, called a Stafne bone cavity. It is usually an incidental radiological finding and appears as a round or oval, well-demarcated radiolucency between the premolar region and angle of the jaw, and is typically located beneath the inferior dental canal. The radiographic appearances are due to a saucer-shaped depression or concavity of varying depth on the lingual aspect of the mandible, which contains salivary tissue in continuity with the submandibular gland. Accessory parotid tissue within the cheek or masseter muscle is rela­tively common and is subject to the same diseases that may affect the main gland. Age changes can be detected in both major and minor salivary glands. Reduction in the weights of submandibular and parotid glands has been reported with increasing age, associated in the submandibular gland with an age-dependent reduction in flow rates. By contrast, sev­eral studies have demonstrated that there is no significant reduction in parotid flow rates in the elderly.

scholarly journals An unusual pleomorphic adenoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Christiano Sampaio QUEIROZ ◽  
Roberto Almeida de AZEVEDO ◽  
Antonio Irineu TRINDADE NETO ◽  
Caetano Guilherme Carvalho PONTES ◽  
Rafael de Queiroz MOURA
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Recommended Treatment

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm in major and minor salivary glands. It constitutes approximately 90% of all benign salivary gland lesions and the parotid is the most affected location. When the minor salivary glands are affected, it mostly occurs at the junction of the hard and soft palates. The diagnosis is complex because of the great histological variety and biological behavior of this tumor, a histopathological examination being essential. The recommended treatment is surgical excision. For lesions located superficially in the parotid gland, superficial parotidectomy - identifying and preserving the facial nerve - is necessary. Lesions in the palate or gums sometimes demand a margin of safety, being excised below the periosteum, including the overlying mucosa. With correct surgical removal, the prognosis is excellent. The aim of this study is to report a case of an unusual minor salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma in the hard palate, describing the most important aspects of this pathology.

Human Kallikrein 14 (Klk14) Expression in Salivary Gland Tumors

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly N. Hashem ◽  
Thomas W. Mara ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed ◽  
Irene Zhang ◽  
Kevin Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Staining ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Ductal Cells

Objective To analyze the expression of human kallikrein 14 (KLK14) in salivary gland tumors. Methods A standard immunoperoxidase staining technique was used to assess the expression profile of KLK14 in normal salivary glands and tumors including pleomorphic adenoma (PA; n=17), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; n=13) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC; n=9). Tumor stage, grade, patient age and gender, and site of occurrence were recorded. These clinical parameters were correlated with KLK14 levels in malignant tumors. The expression profiles for KLK3, 5, 6, 8 and 13 were also retrieved. Results Normal salivary glands, PA, ACC and MEC showed strong expression of KLK14 in ductal and non-ductal cells. Both PA and ACC showed higher KLK14 levels than normal glands and MEC tissues. There were no statistically significant associations between levels of KLK14 and clinical parameters. Conclusions The differences in the levels of KLK14 suggest that KLKs may aid in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumors. The coexpression of KLKs suggests their possible involvement in an enzymatic pathway activated in salivary gland. KLK14 may be a promising new biomarker in salivary gland tumors.

scholarly journals Myoepithelioma of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report with Review of the Literature and Classic Histopathology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Weitzel ◽  
Jason E. Cohn ◽  
Harvey Spector
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Salivary Gland Neoplasm ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Basal Plasma Membrane ◽  
Basal Plasma

Myoepithelioma is a rare salivary gland neoplasm. They most commonly affect the major and minor salivary glands with the parotid gland being the most common, approximately 40%. Only 1% of all salivary gland neoplasms are myoepitheliomas. Myoepithelioma is usually a benign tumor arising from neoplastic myoepithelial or basket cells which are found between the basement membrane and the basal plasma membrane of acinar cells. They also contain multiple cellular elements. We present a case of a 73-year-old female with myoepithelioma of the parotid gland, an extremely rare neoplasm. There have been approximately 42 cases reported through 1985 and fewer than 100 cases through 1993. We will discuss the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of such neoplasms.

scholarly journals Pleomorphic Adenoma of Minor Salivary Gland in Buccal Mucosa: an Uncommon Finding

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 047-050
Author(s):  
Gourav Ahuja ◽  
Jaideep Marya ◽  
Poonam Sood
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Neck Tumors

AbstractSalivary gland tumors account for less than 3% of the head and neck tumors. Among various salivary gland tumors, pleomorphic adenoma is most common and accounts for 60- 70% of the benign tumors of salivary glands. However, the involvement of minor salivary glands of buccal mucosa is extremely uncommon and reported to be 4% only. Salivary glands may present with a diverse range of lesions presenting a challenge to even the most experienced clinician. We report two rare cases of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of buccal mucosa in a 45 year old female and 70 years old male respectively. It includes clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the tumor.

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