scholarly journals Volatile concentrate from the neotropical moss Neckeropsis undulata (Hedw.) Reichardt, existing in the brazilian Amazon

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thyago G. Miranda ◽  
Raynon Joel M. Alves ◽  
Ronilson F. de Souza ◽  
José Guilherme S. Maia ◽  
Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Enzymatic Oxidation ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Simultaneous Distillation Extraction ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Many natural compounds have been identified and synthesized by the advancement of bryophytes phytochemistry studies. This work aimed to report the composition of Neckeropsis undulata (Hedw.) Reichardt moss volatiles, sampled in the Combú Island, Belém city, Pará state, Brazil. The volatile concentrate of N. undulata was obtained by a simultaneous distillation-extraction micro-system, analyzed by GC and GC-MS, and reported for the first time. Results Ten compounds were identified in the volatile concentrate, corresponding to 91.6% of the total, being 1-octen-3-ol (35.7%), α-muurolol (21.4%), naphthalene (11.3%), and n-hexanal (10.0 %) the main constituents. Most of the constituents of the N. undulata volatile concentrate have been previously identified in other mosses, and liverworts spread wide in the world. Conclusions 1-Octen-3-ol, n-hexanal, 2-ethylhexanol, isoamyl propionate, and octan-3-one are already known metabolic products obtained from enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, belonging to the large family of minor oxygenated compounds known as oxylipins. The knowledge of the composition of volatiles from moss N. undulata could contribute to the Neckeraceae species’ chemotaxonomy.

scholarly journals Oenothera biennis l. Paradox

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (216) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Olga Kandelinskaya ◽  
◽  
Elena Grischenko ◽  
Swetlana Ogurtszova ◽  
Hleb Harbatsevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Oenothera Biennis ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Invasive Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The seeds of the medicinal plant evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.), having the invasive status in Belarus, are a source of pharmacologically valuable oil with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including ?-linolenic acid. For the first time, the authors established that oil from O. biennis seeds collected in various regions of the republic is not inferior in quality to world analogues, is balanced in the composition of PUFA, and is characterized by a pronounced hypolipidemic and immunomodulatory effect. It is assumed that strategies developed to use this species as the basis for various purpose import-substituting phytopreparations will help limit its expansion in Belarus.

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemias and Atherosclerosis

Kardiologiia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
A. V. Susekov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Normal Functioning

Along with increased levels of low-density cholesterol, lipid factors of the risk of cardiovascular complications (CVC) include hypertriglyceridemia, particularly increased plasma levels of remnant particles. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) are essential for normal functioning of cell membranes, retina, nerve tissue, skeletal muscles, etc. Among the large family of fatty acids (FA), eicosapentaenoic (EPC) and docosahexaenoic (DHX) FA are most studied. The beneficial effect of ω-3 PUFA consumption on the cardiovascular system is related with improvement of blood rheology, antiarrhythmic and anti-inflammatory effects, and a decrease in triglycerides. Large randomized studies of ω-3 PUFA (mixed EPC and DHX or only EPC) have demonstrated their efficiency and safety and a capability for reducing the incidence of CVC and sudden death as well as improvement of the prognosis in various patient populations. In the STRENGTH study (combination of omega-3 and statins), no significant decrease in the risk of CVC was achieved in patients with high triglycerides and low high-density lipoproteins. The ω-3 PUFA treatment is regulated by current international Guidelines and Consensuses as a part of combination therapy with statins for reduction of the risk of CVC and correction of pronounced hypertriglyceridemia.

scholarly journals Seed Oil from Mediterranean Aromatic and Medicinal Plants of the Lamiaceae Family as a Source of Bioactive Components with Nutritional

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
María Quílez ◽  
Federico Ferreres ◽  
Santiago López-Miranda ◽  
Eva Salazar ◽  
María J. Jordán
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
First Time

The potential use as food ingredients of 12 commercial seed species belonging to the Lamiaceae family constitutes the main goal of this research. For that, the oil yield, the lipid profile, tocopherol content, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacities were determined. Seeds from Satureja hortensis, S. montana, Lavandula angustifolia, L. latifolia and Origanum vulgare can be considered as important sources of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (50.5; 52.4; 52.1; 48.5 and 45.5 g/100 g, respectively), likewise for seed oils from Salvia lavandulifolia and Rosmarinus officinalis regarding ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (52.2 and 50.0 g/100 g, respectively). The total tocopherol concentration varied between 42.8 and 113.8 mg/100 g of oil. The highest antioxidant capacities corresponded to Thymbra capitata and Origanum vulgare seed oils, in which carvacrol was the major phenolic monoterpene quantified. The presence of cinnamoyl-apigenin derivatives and hydroxycoumarin-apigenin-derivatives in spike lavender is described for the first time. Most of these seeds can be considered as an important source of oil rich in bioactive components of interest for human nutrition.

scholarly journals Aldehyde stress and up-regulation of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant systems accompany functional adaptations in cardiac mitochondria from mice fed n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

2011 ◽  
Vol 441 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan J. Anderson ◽  
Kathleen Thayne ◽  
Mitchel Harris ◽  
Kristen Carraway ◽  
Saame Raza Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Enzymatic Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Pufa Diet

Diets replete with n−3 PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) are known to have therapeutic potential for the heart, although a specifically defined duration of the n−3 PUFA diet required to achieve these effects remains unknown, as does their mechanism of action. The present study was undertaken to establish whether adaptations in mitochondrial function and stress tolerance in the heart is evident following short- (3 weeks) and long- (14 weeks) term dietary intervention of n−3 PUFAs, and to identify novel mechanisms by which these adaptations occur. Mitochondrial respiration [mO2 (mitochondrial O2)], H2O2 emission [mH2O2 (mitochondrial H2O2)] and Ca2+-retention capacity [mCa2+ (mitochondrial Ca2+)] were assessed in mouse hearts following dietary intervention. Mice fed n−3 PUFAs for 14 weeks showed significantly lower mH2O2 and greater mCa2+ compared with all other groups. However, no significant differences were observed after 3 weeks of the n−3 PUFA diet, or in mice fed on an HFC (high-fat control) diet enriched with vegetable shortening, containing almost no n−3 PUFAs, for 14 weeks. Interestingly, expression and activity of key enzymes involved in antioxidant and phase II detoxification pathways, all mediated by Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2), were elevated in hearts from mice fed the n−3 PUFA diet, but not hearts from mice fed the HFC diet, even at 3 weeks. This increase in antioxidant systems in hearts from mice fed the n−3 PUFA diet was paralleled by increased levels of 4-hydroxyhexenal protein adducts, an aldehyde formed from peroxidation of n−3 PUFAs. The findings of the present study demonstrate distinct time-dependent effects of n−3 PUFAs on mitochondrial function and antioxidant response systems in the heart. In addition, they are the first to provide direct evidence that non-enzymatic oxidation products of n−3 PUFAs may be driving mitochondrial and redox-mediated adaptations, thereby revealing a novel mechanism for n−3 PUFA action in the heart.

scholarly journals THE ANNALISTIC PORTRAITS OF THE XI–XIII CENTURIES AND THE HIERARCHY OF MEANINGS IN THE LEXEMS ПЛЕМЯ AND РОДЪ SEMANTIC STRUCTURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
H. Mezhzherina
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
World View ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Ethical Assessment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Birth Family ◽  
First Time

The research focuses on the fragment «socio-ethical assessment of person» of the early East Slavic world view. The conceptual domain of the fragment has been illuminated in the substantive-adjectival discours. It is the first time that the hierarchy of lexicalsemantic variants in the structure of the meaning of the terms племя and родъ (descendant → family → tribe → genus, clan → social strata → people) coincides with the hierarchy of individualized and generalized socio-ethical portraits (an individualized portrait of a person → a portrait of a clan, a genus; a generalized portrait of a tribe → a portrait of a social strata → a portrait of a people) within the Kyiv Rus’ period world view. Lexems племя and родъ can be traced back to the roots with the original meaning «which multiplied, increased, grew from one root, from one ancestor» and due to this, are interchangeable in ancient Slavic writing (this is shown in the study of P. O. Lavrovskyi). The microfragment «portrait of the social strata» consists of ethical portraits of princes, princesses, clergy, etc. It was revealed that the semantics of the terms кънuзь and кънuгыни correlates with the semantics of the terms племя and родъ. In the content of all these terms there is a combination of the semantics of birth, family relationships, tribal relations with the semantics of knowledge. In our opinion, the reason for the coincidence of portraitsclergy with portraits of princes is the development of the Indo-European root reflexes (to which the term кънuзь goes back) in the direction of semantics saint, sacred. It was proved that the hierarchy of the world view microfragments repeats social-tribal relations, social and family relationships in Kyiv Rus’. Microfragment «portrait of a clan» is represented by namings Ольговичи, Володимиричи, Ростиславичи, Мстиславичи, etc. In a certain context, the term племя could denote a large family, separate branches of the genus, people, tribe. The conceptualization of an individualized image of a person was determined by its place in the family-class hierarchy. Comparison of socio-ethical portraits of persons of the princely family (grand dukes Boris, Gleb, Andryi Bogolubskyi, Alexander Nevskyi, Izyaslav Mstislavovich, etc.) revealed that the functional-semantic peculiarities of nouns and adjectives with the meanings of an ethical assessment of a person reflect subordination between family members. The article is based on the analysis of Old East Slavic literary monuments of the XI–XIII centuries.

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

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