scholarly journals Slime molds as a valuable source of antimicrobial agents

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Tafakori
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Slime Molds ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

AbstractGiven the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens, the number of effective antimicrobial agents to deal with the threat of bacterial and fungal resistance has fallen dramatically. Therefore, the critical solution to deal with the missing effective antibiotics is to research new sources or new synthetic antibiotics. Natural products have different advantages to be considered antimicrobial agents. There are different natural sources for antimicrobial agents, such as bacteria, fungi, algae, slime molds, and plants. This article has focused on antibiotics from slime molds, especially Myxomycetes. The reason why slime molds have been chosen to be studied is their unique bioactive metabolites, especially over the past couple of decades. Some of those metabolites have been demonstrated to possess antibiotic activities. Hence, this article has focused on the potential of these creatures as an alternative source of antibiotics.

Klebsiella pneumoniae in Germany: An overview on spatiotemporal distribution and resistance development in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Rapid Dissemination

The emerging of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is increasing worldwide. Rapid dissemination and increase of its incidence in Germany are observed and becoming a significant challenge for clinical laboratories and physicians. The current review highlights its chronological sequence of appearance and resistance development in humans in the past two decades in Germany. Emerging resistance problems of K. pneumoniae to the vast majority of available antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems and those of the ß-lactam group, were observed since the end of the last century and strains carrying diverse resistance patterns have emerged in most federal states of Germany. Still, several aspects of resistance development and pathogenesis are not fully understood. To date, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) isolates have been rarely isolated from German patients. The most frequent resistance genes identified are blaOXA-48, blaCTX-M-15, blaKPC-2, blaOXA-9, blaSHV-11, blaSHV-5 blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-14, blaVIM-1 and the plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance (PMQR) gene. One Health genomic surveillance of K. pneumoniae strains from different reservoirs is required. This would help to understand in great detail the mechanisms leading to resistance development, spread and transmission, and developing alternative treatment regimens

Antibacterial activity of bacteria isolated from Phragmites australis against multidrug-resistant human pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-303
Author(s):  
Vania Delfino ◽  
Carmela Calonico ◽  
Antonella Lo Nostro ◽  
Lara Mitia Castronovo ◽  
Sara Del Duca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Novel Antibiotics

Background: Rising number of multidrug-resistant human pathogens demands novel antibiotics: to this aim, unexplored natural sources are investigated to find new compounds. In this context, bacteria associated to medicinal plants, including Phragmites australis, might represent an important source of antimicrobial compounds. Materials & methods: In the present work, 21 bacterial endophytes isolated from P. australis roots were tested, by cross-streaking, for their inhibitory activity against 36 multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from food, clinical patients and hospitals. Results & conclusion: Seven endophytes, belonging to Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas, were able to inhibit the growth of most of the target strains. In conclusion, this preliminary work could pave the way for the discovery of new antibiotics against superbugs.

scholarly journals A New Micromonospora Strain with Antibiotic Activity Isolated from the Microbiome of a Mid-Atlantic Deep-Sea Sponge

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Catherine R. Back ◽  
Henry L. Stennett ◽  
Sam E. Williams ◽  
Luoyi Wang ◽  
Jorge Ojeda Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Microbial Life ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Fermentation Broths

To tackle the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, it is essential to identify new bioactive compounds that are effective against resistant microbes and safe to use. Natural products and their derivatives are, and will continue to be, an important source of these molecules. Sea sponges harbour a diverse microbiome that co-exists with the sponge, and these bacterial communities produce a rich array of bioactive metabolites for protection and resource competition. For these reasons, the sponge microbiota constitutes a potential source of clinically relevant natural products. To date, efforts in bioprospecting for these compounds have focused predominantly on sponge specimens isolated from shallow water, with much still to be learned about samples from the deep sea. Here we report the isolation of a new Micromonospora strain, designated 28ISP2-46T, recovered from the microbiome of a mid-Atlantic deep-sea sponge. Whole-genome sequencing reveals the capacity of this bacterium to produce a diverse array of natural products, including kosinostatin and isoquinocycline B, which exhibit both antibiotic and antitumour properties. Both compounds were isolated from 28ISP2-46T fermentation broths and were found to be effective against a plethora of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. This study suggests that the marine production of isoquinocyclines may be more widespread than previously supposed and demonstrates the value of targeting the deep-sea sponge microbiome as a source of novel microbial life with exploitable biosynthetic potential.

Based Natural Products as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors in E. Coli: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Cardiliya ◽  
A. Selvaraj ◽  
M.J. Nanjan ◽  
M.J.N. Chandrasekar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

: The existence of multidrug–resistant (MDR) E .coli (superbugs) is a global health issue confronting humans, livestock, food processing units, and pharmaceutical industries. The quorum sensing (QS) controlling ability of the E .coli to form biofilms has become one of the important reasons for the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Quorum signaling activation and formation of biofilm lead to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance of the pathogens increasing the therapy difficulty for treating bacterial diseases. There is a crucial need, therefore, to reinforce newer therapeutic designs to overcome this resistance. As the infections caused by E .coli are attributed via the QS-regulated biofilm formation, easing this system by QS inhibitors is a possible strategy for treating bacterial diseases. Plant based natural products have been reported to bind to QS receptors and interrupt the QS systems of pathogens by inhibiting biofilm formation and disrupting the formed biofilms, thus minimizing the chances to develop a resistance mechanism. The present report reviews critically the QS capability of E .coli to form biofilms leading to multidrug resistant pathogens and the investigations that have been carried out so far on plant acquired natural products as QS inhibitors.

Antibiotic Resistance: What Is the Impact of Agricultural Uses of Antibiotics on Children’s Health?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Shea
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Drug Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Antimicrobial resistance has reached crisis stage in human medicine. The rapid acceleration of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the past 2 decades has overtaken new drug development, and patients and clinicians are faced with the prospect of untreatable infections. Although much of the problem stems from overuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents in human medicine, large-scale use of antimicrobials in agriculture also contributes to the crisis. Agricultural uses of antibiotics produce environmental exposures in a variety of reservoirs, which select for resistant microbes and microbial genes. This article presents the major lines of evidence documenting the risks to human health of some of the agricultural uses of antimicrobials. A brief review of the microbiologic antecedents of resistance is followed by a discussion of agricultural uses of antimicrobials and a targeted review of the literature, which provides the background knowledge and evidence necessary for pediatricians and other clinicians to be informed and to advocate for judicious use of antimicrobials in all sectors.

scholarly journals Drugs from the Cloudforest: The Search for New Medicines from Monteverde, Costa Rica

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601
Author(s):  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
University Of Alabama ◽  
The Past ◽  
The University ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents

The University of Alabama in Huntsville Natural Products Research Group has been investigating the phytopharmaceutical potential of tropical rainforest higher plants from the Monteverde region of northwestern Costa Rica for the past twenty years. The group has focused primarily on anticancer agents, antimicrobial agents, and antiparasitic agents. This review presents an overview of some of our efforts in natural products drug discovery from Monteverde, Costa Rica.

scholarly journals Cheminformatic Characterization of Natural Antimicrobial Products for the Development of New Lead Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3970
Author(s):  
Samson Olaitan Oselusi ◽  
Alan Christoffels ◽  
Samuel Ayodele Egieyeh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

The growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of pathogenic organisms to currently prescribed drugs has resulted in the failure to treat various infections caused by these superbugs. Therefore, to keep pace with the increasing drug resistance, there is a pressing need for novel antimicrobial agents, especially from non-conventional sources. Several natural products (NPs) have been shown to display promising in vitro activities against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Still, only a few of these compounds have been studied as prospective drug candidates. This may be due to the expensive and time-consuming process of conducting important studies on these compounds. The present review focuses on applying cheminformatics strategies to characterize, prioritize, and optimize NPs to develop new lead compounds against antimicrobial resistance pathogens. Moreover, case studies where these strategies have been used to identify potential drug candidates, including a few selected open-access tools commonly used for these studies, are briefly outlined.

scholarly journals Study of Various Chemically and Structurally Diverse Currently Clinically Used and Recently Developed Antimycobacterial Drugs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Alghamdi ◽  
Mohammad Asif
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens ◽  
Recent Attention

Infectious diseases originate from pathogens and increased severely in current years. Despite numerous important advances in antimicrobial therapy, the extensive use and misuse of these antimicrobial drugs have caused the emergence of microbial resistance, which is a serious risk to public health. In particular, the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has become a serious difficulty in the therapy of pathogenic diseases. Therefore, the progress of novel drugs to deal with resistant pathogens has become one of the most essential areas of antimicrobial research today. In addition to the development of novel and efficient antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant pathogens, recent attention has focused on the treatment of tuberculosis. Therefore, recent developments have been directed towards examining currently used and newly developed antimycobacterial drugs and their toxicities and mechanism of action.

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