scholarly journals Prevention of postpartum suicidality in Israel

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Brunstein Klomek
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Mental Health Settings ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Postpartum suicidality in Israel had not been systematically studied until the recent important investigation by Glasser and colleagues. The authors review rates, trends, and characteristics of postpartum women who considered, attempted, or completed suicide in Israel. This commentary argues that, although postpartum suicidality is relatively rare, it is extremely tragic—not just for the women, but for the entire family and community. The main aim of this commentary is to emphasize that preventive efforts should continue and expand, especially among at-risk groups. At-risk groups include the youngest age group, postpartum Arab women, and postpartum former Soviet Union immigrants. Identification of women at risk or suffering from postpartum depression (PPD) is mandated in Israel. Efforts should include broader screening for various types of suicide ideation and behavior. Assessments should specifically include passive suicide ideation, active suicide ideation with method, intent, and plan, as well as various types of suicide attempts and preparatory behaviors. In addition, specific interventions formulated on evidence-based psychotherapies should be provided in family practice, obstetric, and pediatric settings. These settings are less stigmatized in comparison to mental health settings. Potential therapies can be (among others) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT), which are effective in preventing perinatal depression.

A Study of Psychiatric Emergencies: Part II. Suicide

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Browning ◽  
Robert L. Tyson ◽  
Sheldon I. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Service ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Prevention Center ◽  
Suicide Prevention Center

Suicide attempts or suicide ideation are often of critical importance in defining a psychiatric emergency. Follow-up studies of the psychiatric emergency population for the subsequent incidence of attempted or completed suicide are needed to identify high and low risk groups and to measure the effectiveness of the psychiatric emergency service. Suicide problems were presenting symptoms in 28.2 percent of psychiatric emergency evaluations seen in a three month period. The 10–29 decades for females and the 10–19 decade for males were represented significantly more often than older decades. Race and marital status were not related to suicide problems. There were seventeen known suicide attempts, but no known suicides in a six month follow-up period. This finding was contrasted with the results of a similar study done nine years previously at the same hospital and with a study done by the Cleveland Suicide Prevention Center, both of which found several suicides in the follow-up period. Possible reasons for the different results are discussed.

scholarly journals The risk of multidrug- or rifampicin-resistance in males versus females with tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 2000626
Author(s):  
C. Finn McQuaid ◽  
Katherine C. Horton ◽  
Anna S. Dean ◽  
Gwenan M. Knight ◽  
Richard G. White
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Purchase Power Parity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Increased Risk

Males are at an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease compared to females. Additionally, several risk factors for multidrug-resistant (MDR) or rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB disease are more common in males, hence male TB patients may have a higher relative risk of MDR/RR-TB than female TB patients.We used sex-disaggregated data of TB patients reported to the World Health Organization for 106 countries to calculate male-to-female (M:F) risk ratios of having MDR/RR-TB.There was no evidence of either sex being more at risk of MDR/RR-TB in 81% (86 out of 106) of countries, with an overall random-effects weighted M:F risk ratio of 1.04 (95% CI 0.97–1.11). In 12% (13 out of 106) of countries there was evidence that males were more at risk, while in 7% (seven out of 106), females were more at risk. The risk of having TB that was MDR/RR increased for males compared to females as MDR/RR-TB incidence increased, and was higher for males than females in the former Soviet Union, where the risk ratio was 1.16 (1.06–1.28). Conversely, the risk increased for females compared to males as gross domestic product purchase power parity increased, and was higher for females than males in countries where the majority of TB burden was found in the foreign-born population, where the risk ratio was 0.84 (0.75–0.94).In general, the risk of MDR/RR-TB, among those with TB, is the same for males as for females. However, males in higher MDR/RR-TB burden countries, particularly the former Soviet Union, face an increased risk that their infection is MDR/RR-TB, highlighting the need for a sex-differentiated approach to TB case-finding and care.

Pulling Together – The Protective Role of Belongingness for Depression, Suicidal Ideation and Behavior Among Suicide-Bereaved Individuals

Crisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yossi Levi-Belz ◽  
William Feigelman
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Suicide Bereaved

Abstract. Background: While belongingness has frequently been investigated in the general population as an antidote to experiencing depression, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behavior, it has rarely been evaluated as a protective factor among individuals bereaved by suicide. Aims: We examined whether perceived belongingness could moderate the differences between suicide-bereaved, suicide-exposed, and nonexposed respondents regarding depression, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts. Method: We conducted an online survey of the adult Israeli population ( N = 806), with 203 suicide-bereaved, 266 suicide-exposed, and 377 nonexposed respondents. Participants completed several questionnaires tapping depression and suicidality as well as perceived belongingness levels. Results: Individuals bereaved by suicide reported the highest levels of depression, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts in comparison with suicide-exposed and nonexposed individuals. However, belongingness was found to moderate these distinctions concerning suicide ideation and suicide attempts. Limitations: Belongingness was assessed by only a single question, and the online survey suffered from a relatively high nonresponse rate. Conclusion: Our results suggest that belongingness may act as a potent antidote to the adverse mental health consequences among individuals bereaved by suicide. Clinicians should accord adequate attention to fostering social connectedness among their clients bereaved by suicide.

Suicide attempts and suicide ideation in adolescents: SDQ scores in the Spanish sample of “saving and empowering young lives in Europe” (SEYLE) project

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1609-1609
Author(s):  
P. Burón ◽  
S. Al-Halabí ◽  
E. Díaz-Mesa ◽  
M. Garrido ◽  
G. Galván ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Peer Problems ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Young Lives

IntroductionBehaviour disorders in adolescents are a risk factor associated with suicidal behavior.AimTo examine the distribution of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores in the Spanish sample of adolescents from the “Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe” (SEYLE) project and study the differences according to the gender and the relationship with both suicide attempts (SA) and suicidal ideation (SI).Method875 pupils from 12 secondary schools sited in Asturias (Spain) [50.7% males; mean age (SD) =14.5 (0.72)] were assessed through the SDQ and Paykel Suicide Scale (PSS).ResultsNo significant differences were found in the SDQ total score by gender, but were found (p< 0.001) in some subscales as emotional symptoms (t=-6.769) (women scoring higher), hyperactivity (t=3.283) and prosocial (t=5.260) (men scoring higher). Regarding PSS, 3.1% tried to take their life during past six months. No significant differences were found in SA by gender but were found (p< 0.050) for the thought that life not worth (t=-3.597), women scoring higher, and about wish to be dead (t=-2.630), men scoring higher. Previous SA were significant related (p< 0.001) with SDQ total score (X2=38,437), emotional symptoms (X2=25,528), hyperactivity (X2=13,572) and behaviour disorders (X2=7,505). SI was significant related (p< 0.001) with SDQ total score (X2=38,437), emotional symptoms (X2=31,077), behaviour disorders (X2=33,011), peer problems (X2=35,161) and prosocial behavior (X2=17,978).ConclusionSA and SI were related with difficulties (SDQ criteria), mainly on emotional symptoms and behaviour disorders. Prevention strategies in high risk groups are likely to become increasingly important.

scholarly journals Suicide rates and risk factors for suicide among Israeli immigrants from Ethiopia (1985–2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Youngmann ◽  
Nelly Zilber ◽  
Ziona Haklai ◽  
Nehama Goldberger
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Ethiopian Immigrants ◽  
Suicide Rates

Abstract Background Suicide rates among Ethiopian immigrants to Israel (EI) are relatively high. This study sought to identify suicide-risk factors in this population in order to suggest some potentially preventive measures to mental health policymakers who are struggling to prevent suicide among EI. Method Nationwide age-adjusted suicide rates were calculated for EI, Former Soviet Union immigrants (FSUI) and Israeli-born (IB) Jews by age, gender, and year of death and, for EI, by marital status and immigration period in the years 1985–2017 (1990–2017 for FSUI). Results Age-adjusted suicide rates for the period 1990–2017 confirmed the significantly higher rate among EI––3.1 times higher than for FSUI and 4.1 times higher than for IB. Similar rates were obtained for both genders, within each age group, and in all study years. Comparable male/female rate ratios were found among EI and IB (3.3, 3.6, respectively). Over the years of the study, only among the Ethiopian immigrants were there large fluctuations in suicide rates: a decrease (1992–2001), followed by an increase (2001–2006), and then a progressive decrease (from 2006). The secular changes differed greatly according to age. Among females, these fluctuations were smaller, the decrease began earlier and was greater, and the subsequent increase was much smaller. Marriage was found to be less protective for Ethiopian immigrants than for the other surveyed populations. Conclusions The considerable gap between the EI’s and FSUI’s suicide rates highlights the critical role of immigrants’ integration difficulties. These difficulties among EI lead to ongoing conflict within the family, which may explain why marriage is less protective for EI. Nevertheless, progressive integration is occurring as indicated by the decline in suicide rates since 2006. The fluctuations in EI suicide rates over time seem to be associated with modifications in social welfare allowances, which are crucial for EI of low socioeconomic status. Groups at risk, particularly EI men facing socioeconomic challenges and EI with considerable family conflict, typically identified by HMOs and welfare services, should be screened for suicide risk, and those identified as at risk referred to tailored workshops sensitive to Ethiopian culture.

Risk Factors Associated With Various Severities of Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Self-Harm Among Israel Defense Forces Soldiers—A Nested Case–Control Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizan Shakarchy ◽  
Lucian Tatsa-Laur ◽  
Ron Kedem ◽  
Ariel Ben Yehuda ◽  
Leah Shelef
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Nested Case Control

ABSTRACT Objective Severe suicide attempt is a major risk factor for completed suicide. The aim of the present study was to focus on suicide behavior and timing to gain better understanding of these populations. Method The nested case–control retrospective study based on medical records of 246,866 soldiers, who demonstrated suicide attempts of varying severity, including death by suicide were compared with soldiers who did not demonstrate such behavior. Results Risk for death by suicide was associated with males, military seniority of less than 12 months. High frequency of visits with mental health care professionals was associated with being severe suicide attempters (SAs). Moderate suicide attempts were associated with being a male, visiting a primary care physician frequently, and belonging to one of the two latest immigrant groups in Israel (Ethiopians and former Soviet Union). Mild suicide attempts were associated with having a psychiatric diagnosis on the enlistment day, visiting a mental health care professional at high or average frequency, visiting a primary care physician at high or average frequency, being a male, and being born in the former Soviet Union. While the proportion of males demonstrating suicidal behavior was higher than the females’, severe SAs were higher among females. There was a clear tendency of female suicide attempters at all levels to act toward the end of their military service. Conclusions Although half of the SAs were females, their characteristics may be similar to those of the male SAs, contrary to the sex differences in suicide behavior among civilians.

scholarly journals Representation of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students Among Students With Learning Disabilities

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401668615
Author(s):  
Constantinos Vouyoukas ◽  
Maria Tzouriadou ◽  
Eleni Anagnostopoulou ◽  
Lito E. Michalopoulou
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Linguistically Diverse Students

Ongoing research has demonstrated that culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students may be disproportionately represented among students with learning disabilities (LDs). The main aim of this research was to identify groups of CLD students at risk for LDs using the achievement criterion. To that end, 158 students participated in the current research: 78 Greeks and 80 Pontian Greeks from the former Soviet Union (Greek FSU-Pontian). Research findings indicated that the use of the achievement criterion alone is inadequate to accurately identify a student being at risk for LDs, given that CLD students’ language competence and achievement are low mainly due to their bilingualism and that language acquisition competence is positively associated to language achievement. Professional judgments based on psychoeducational evaluation data are used to classify a student as having a LD. Professional judgment is presented as a possible explanation for the disproportionate representation of CLD students among students with LDs.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

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