scholarly journals Repair cell first, then regenerate the tissues and organs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bing Fu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Basic Process ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Healing Tissue ◽  
Organ Repair ◽  
And Function

AbstractWound healing, tissue repair and regenerative medicine are in great demand, and great achievements in these fields have been made. The traditional strategy of tissue repair and regeneration has focused on the level of tissues and organs directly; however, the basic process of repair at the cell level is often neglected. Because the cell is the basic unit of organism structure and function; cell damage is caused first by ischemia or ischemia-reperfusion after severe trauma and injury. Then, damage to tissues and organs occurs with massive cell damage, apoptosis and even cell death. Thus, how to achieve the aim of perfect repair and regeneration? The basic process of tissue or organ repair and regeneration should involve repair of cells first, then tissues and organs. In this manuscript, it is my consideration about how to repair the cell first, then regenerate the tissues and organs.

scholarly journals The Cross-Talk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Carl Randall Harrell ◽  
Valentin Djonov ◽  
Vladislav Volarevic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Function

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, rapidly proliferating, multipotent stem cells which reside in almost all post-natal tissues. MSCs possess potent immunoregulatory properties and, in juxtacrine and paracrine manner, modulate phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs produce various pro-angiogenic factors and promote neo-vascularization in healing tissues, contributing to their enhanced repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration.

scholarly journals Wound healing center establishment and new technology application in improving the wound healing quality in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Fu
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Healing Tissue ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Made In

Abstract Wound healing, tissue repair and regenerative medicine are in great demand, and great achievements in these fields have been made. In recent years, many of these successes have benefitted patients, especially in the field of chronic skin wounds. However, perfect tissue repair and regeneration of damaged tissues and organs are still great challenges in the management of trauma and diseases. In this paper, the main achievements in wound healing, tissue repair and regeneration in China are reviewed and the establishment of wound healing centers and new technology application in improving wound healing quality in patients in China is highlighted.

scholarly journals Human endothelial stem/progenitor cells, angiogenic factors and vascular repair

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Watt ◽  
Athanasios Athanassopoulos ◽  
Adrian L. Harris ◽  
Grigorios Tsaknakis
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Endothelial Lineage ◽  
And Function ◽  
Endothelial Development

Neovascularization or new blood vessel formation is of utmost importance not only for tissue and organ development and for tissue repair and regeneration, but also for pathological processes, such as tumour development. Despite this, the endothelial lineage, its origin, and the regulation of endothelial development and function either intrinsically from stem cells or extrinsically by proangiogenic supporting cells and other elements within local and specific microenvironmental niches are still not fully understood. There can be no doubt that for most tissues and organs, revascularization represents the holy grail for tissue repair, with autologous endothelial stem/progenitor cells, their proangiogenic counterparts and the products of these cells all being attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Historically, a great deal of controversy has surrounded the identification and origin of cells and factors that contribute to revascularization, the use of such cells or their products as biomarkers to predict and monitor tissue damage and repair or tumour progression and therapeutic responses, and indeed their efficacy in revascularizing and repairing damaged tissues. Here, we will review the role of endothelial progenitor cells and of supporting proangiogenic cells and their products, principally in humans, as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for wound repair and tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Signals and Mechanisms Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Activation in the Pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7960
Author(s):  
Chao-Yi Wu ◽  
Huang-Yu Yang ◽  
Jing-Long Huang ◽  
Jenn-Haung Lai
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Inflammatory Joint Diseases ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Related Cell ◽  
Key Players

Monocytes (Mos) and macrophages (Mφs) are key players in the innate immune system and are critical in coordinating the initiation, expansion, and regression of many autoimmune diseases. In addition, they display immunoregulatory effects that impact inflammation and are essential in tissue repair and regeneration. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term describing inflammatory joint diseases in children. Accumulated evidence suggests a link between Mo and Mφ activation and JIA pathogenesis. Accordingly, topics regarding the signals and mechanisms regulating Mo and Mφ activation leading to pathologies in patients with JIA are of great interest. In this review, we critically summarize recent advances in the understanding of how Mo and Mφ activation is involved in JIA pathogenesis and focus on the signaling pathways and mechanisms participating in the related cell activation processes.

scholarly journals Interactome Analysis of iPSC Secretome and Its Effect on Macrophages In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 958
Author(s):  
Luca Tamò ◽  
Kleanthis Fytianos ◽  
Fabienne Caldana ◽  
Cedric Simillion ◽  
Anis Feki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Macrophage Phenotype ◽  
Gene Interaction Network ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Secretory Pattern

Induced pluripotent stem cell secretome (iPSC-CM) mitigate organ injury and help in repair. Macrophages play a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration and can be directed to promote tissue repair by iPSC-CM, although the exact mechanisms are not known. In the current investigative study, we evaluated the possible mechanism by which iPSC-CM regulates the phenotype and secretory pattern of macrophages in vitro. Macrophages were obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and differentiated to various subpopulations and treated with either iPSC-CM or control media in vitro. Macrophage phenotype was assessed by flow cytometry, gene expression changes by qRT PCR and secretory pattern by multiplex protein analysis. The protein and gene interaction network revealed the involvement of Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAVL-1) both present in the iPSC-CM to play an important role in regulating the macrophage phenotype and their secretory pattern. This exploratory study reveals, in part, the possible mechanism and identifies two potential targets by which iPSC-CM regulate macrophages and help in repair and regeneration.

Splanchnic Hypoperfusion-Directed Therapies in Trauma: A Prospective, Randomized Trial

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Cohn ◽  
Stephen M. Cohn ◽  
Orlando Kirton ◽  
Margaret Brown ◽  
S. Morad Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Unit Group ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Prospective Randomized Trial ◽  
Gastric Tonometry ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Splanchnic Perfusion ◽  
Splanchnic Hypoperfusion

Splanchnic hypoperfusion as reflected by gastric intramucosal acidosis has been recognized as an important determinant of outcome in shock. A comprehensive splanchnic hypoperfusion-ischemia reperfusion (IRP) protocol was evaluated against conventional shock management protocols in critical trauma patients. The study was a prospective randomized trial comparing three therapeutic approaches to hypoperfusion after severe trauma in 151 trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Group 1 patients received hemodynamic support based on conventional indicators of hypoperfusion. In group 2, resuscitation was further guided by gastric tonometry-derived estimates of splanchnic hypoperfusion and included more invasive hemodynamic monitoring and additional administration of colloid or crystalloid solutions, or inotropic support. Group 3 patients additionally received therapies specifically aimed at optimizing splanchnic perfusion and minimizing oxidant-mediated damage from reperfusion. The three groups were similar based on age, Injury Severity Score, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II Scores. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality rates, organ dysfunction, ventilator days, or length of stay between any of the interventions. Techniques of optimization of splanchnic perfusion and minimization of oxidant-mediated reperfusion injury evaluated in this study were not advantageous relative to standard resuscitation measures guided by conventional or tonometric measures of hypoperfusion in the therapy of occult and clinical shock in trauma patients.

scholarly journals Lipidomics Provides New Insight into Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of the Ischemia—Reperfusion Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2798
Author(s):  
Zoran Todorović ◽  
Siniša Đurašević ◽  
Maja Stojković ◽  
Ilijana Grigorov ◽  
Slađan Pavlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Enzyme Inactivation ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Tissue Ischemia ◽  
Insight Into

Lipids play an essential role in both tissue protection and damage. Tissue ischemia creates anaerobic conditions in which enzyme inactivation occurs, and reperfusion can initiate oxidative stress that leads to harmful changes in membrane lipids, the formation of aldehydes, and chain damage until cell death. The critical event in such a series of harmful events in the cell is the unwanted accumulation of fatty acids that leads to lipotoxicity. Lipid analysis provides additional insight into the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) disorders and reveals new targets for drug action. The profile of changes in the composition of fatty acids in the cell, as well as the time course of these changes, indicate both the mechanism of damage and new therapeutic possibilities. A therapeutic approach to reperfusion lipotoxicity involves attenuation of fatty acids overload, i.e., their transport to adipose tissue and/or inhibition of the adverse effects of fatty acids on cell damage and death. The latter option involves using PPAR agonists and drugs that modulate the transport of fatty acids via carnitine into the interior of the mitochondria or the redirection of long-chain fatty acids to peroxisomes.

scholarly journals Design of epidermal growth factor immobilization on 3D biocompatible scaffolds to promote tissue repair and regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Bavaro ◽  
Sara Tengattini ◽  
Refaya Rezwan ◽  
Enrica Chiesa ◽  
Caterina Temporini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Peptide Mapping ◽  
Rnase A ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Native State ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Cell Proliferative Activity

AbstractExogenous application of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) stimulates epidermal wound healing. The aim of this study was to develop bioconjugates based on hEGF mimicking the protein in its native state and thus suitable for tissue engineering applications, in particular for treating skin-related disorders as burns. Ribonuclease A (RNase A) was used to investigate a number of different activated-agarose carriers: cyanogen bromide (CNBr)-activated-agarose and glyoxyl-agarose showed to preserve the appropriate orientation of the protein for receptor binding. EGF was immobilized on these carriers and immobilization yield was evaluated (100% and 12%, respectively). A peptide mapping of unbound protein regions was carried out by LC–MS to take evidence of the residues involved in the immobilization and, consequently, the flexibility and surface accessibility of immobilized EGF. To assess cell proliferative activities, 10, 25, 50, and 100 ng/mL of each immobilized EGF sample were seeded on fibroblast cells and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 h. The immobilized growth factor showed significantly high cell proliferative activity at 50 and 100 ng/mL compared to control and soluble EGF. Although both of the immobilized samples show dose-dependency when seeded with high number of fibroblast cells, CNBr-agarose-EGF showed a significantly high activity at 100 ng/mL and 72 h incubation, compared to glyoxyl-agarose-EGF.

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