scholarly journals Determinants of unintended pregnancies among currently married women in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Wasswa ◽  
Allen Kabagenyi ◽  
Leonard Atuhaire
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
High Age

Abstract Background Unintended pregnancies are no longer bound to teenagers or school-going children, married women in Uganda, as well do experience such pregnancies though little has been investigated on them. This study examines the determinants of unintended pregnancies among currently married women in Uganda. Methods In this study, we used data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) which comprised of 10,958 married women aged 15–49 years who have ever been pregnant. The analysis was done using descriptive analysis, logistic regression, and the generalized structural equation model. Results The study showed that 37% of pregnancies among married women were unintended. Young women, living in poor households, staying in rural areas, women in the Eastern and Northern region, Muslim women, lack of knowledge on ovulation period, discontinuation of contraceptives, non-use of and intention for contraceptives, high age at sexual debut, high age at first birth, and high parity were directly associated with a higher risk of unintended pregnancies. Relatedly, discontinuation of contraceptives regardless of the place of residence, region, woman’s age, education, household wealth, access to family planning messages were associated with higher odds of unintended pregnancies. Older women and those in rural areas who had more children were also at a higher risk of similar pregnancies. However, having more children while using contraceptives, being educated, living in a wealthier household, and having access to family planning messages significantly lowered the risk of unintended pregnancies. Conclusion Increased access to family planning messages, empowering women as well as having improved household incomes are key preventive measures of unintended pregnancies. There is a need to provide quality contraceptive counseling through outreaches so that women are informed about the different contraceptive methods and the possible side effects. Having a variety of contraceptive methods to choose from and making them accessible and affordable will also encourage women to make informed choices and reduce contraceptive discontinuation. All these coupled together will help women have their desired family sizes, increase the uptake of contraceptives and significantly reduce unintended pregnancies.

scholarly journals Determinants of Unintended Pregnancies Among Currently Married Women in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Wasswa ◽  
Allen Kabagenyi ◽  
Leonard Atuhaire
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancies are no longer bound to teenagers or school going children, married women in Uganda as well experience such pregnancies though little has been investigated on them. This study therefore examines the determinants of unintended pregnancies among currently married women in Uganda.Methods: In this study, we used data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) which comprised of 11,223 married women aged 15-49 years. Analysis was done using descriptive analysis, logistic regression, Poisson regression, log-rank test for survival functions, cox proportional hazards model, and the generalized structural equation model.Results: The study revealed that 45% of the pregnancies were unintended while 3 in 10 married women were not using contraceptives. At the bivariate level; unintended pregnancy was associated with the highest wealth quintile (OR=0.45, 95%CI=0.40-0.49) while contraceptive use was associated with higher education level (OR=4.90, 95% CI=4.10-5.86). Similarly, children ever born were associated with married women from rural areas (IRR=4.34, 95% CI=4.30-4.39). At the multivariate level, married women from northern region (AOR=0.55, 95% CI=0.45-0.64) had lower odds and Muslim married women with more children (AOR=1.04, 95% CI=1.01-1.07) had higher odds of unintended pregnancy.Conclusion: Unintended pregnancies are directly and indirectly influenced by higher fertility and improver use of contraceptive. Married women who had more children and were: from poor households, with lowest education, in Central region, in rural areas, with low age at first birth, with older partners and were Muslim were more likely to have unintended pregnancies. Also, married women who were using contraceptives and were: older age, Anglican, from wealthiest households, in agricultural or domestic sector and higher parity were associated with higher risk of unintended pregnancies. The government should make efforts in reducing the fertility among married women by investing in programs and policies like: sensitization of women on the effectiveness in use of contraceptives, making contraceptives affordable and easily accessible to all people in different regions of the country with emphasis on who already have four or more children. Extension of higher education to all people will lead to reduced risks of unintended pregnancies.

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning Among Married Women in Zambia: Lessons from the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Namukoko ◽  
Rosemary Ndonyo Likwa ◽  
Twaambo E. Hamoonga ◽  
Million Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Introduction: Unmet need for family planning among married women is still high in Africa. In the year 2018, one in every five married women in Zambia had an unmet need for family planning. Unmet need for family planning can increase the number of unintended pregnancies and abortions, both of which have the potential to increase the proportion of women of child bearing age who are at high risk of birth complications. Studies have shown that factors explaining unmet need for family planning vary significantly from country to country, depending on access and availability of family planning services for women. We conducted this study to understand the determinants of unmet need for family planning in Zambia. Knowledge of factors associated with unmet need for family planning can help governments and stakeholders to identify health strategies to reduce unwanted fertility and prevent maternal and child mortality.Methods: The study used datasets from the Zambia Demographic and Health Survey which was a representative cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018. Zambia conducted a Demographic and Health to capture health indicators which are used to measure progress of implementation of health sector interventions. We did analysis on a sample of 7, 597 married women aged 15-49 years. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse determinants of unmet need for family planning. Stata version 14.2 was used to analyse weighted data and survey commands were applied to account for the complex sample design. Results: Study findings have revealed that half of the married women were still not using contraception by 2018. Unmet need for family planning among married women is still a public health issue in Zambia. In multivariate regression analysis; age, parity, household wealth and exposure to media-based family planning messages were found to be significantly associated with unmet need for family planning among married women.Conclusion: There is need to enhance family planning policy and programming in the country in order to achieve desired health outcomes. Mass media campaigns and community-based outreach activities with special focus on the young women can achieve significant results in reducing unmet need for family planning. Further, there should be some deliberate interventions to conduct family planning talks during in health facilities targeting women who visit maternal and children care clinics.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Perception on Long Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods in Adigrat Town, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alem Gebremariam ◽  
Adamu Addissie
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Contraceptive Choice ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background. Long acting and permanent contraceptive methods have the potential to reduce unintended pregnancies but the contraceptive choice and utilization in Ethiopia are highly dominated by short term contraceptives. Objective. To assess the knowledge and perception on long acting and permanent contraceptives of married women and men in Northern Ethiopia. Method. A qualitative method was conducted in Adigrat on January, 2012. Four focus group discussions with married women and men and six in-depth interviews with family planning providers were conducted. Content analysis was used to synthesize the data. Result. Participants’ knowledge on long acting and permanent contraceptives is limited to recognizing the name of the methods. Most of the participants are not able to identify permanent methods as a method of contraception. They lack basic information on how these methods work and how they can use it. Women had fears and rumors about each of these methods. They prefer methods which do not require any procedure. Family planning providers stated as they have weakness on counseling of all contraceptive choices. Conclusion. There are personal barriers and knowledge gaps on these contraceptive methods. Improving the counseling service program can help women to increase knowledge and avoid misconceptions of each contraceptive choice.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning among married women of reproductive age in a VDC of eastern Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Uprety ◽  
I S Poudel ◽  
A Ghimire ◽  
M Poudel ◽  
S Bhattrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Contraceptive use and fertility rates vary substantially among developing countries. An important factor, which affects the fertility of any population, is Contraceptive. Contraceptive use varies by age. Nepal over the past 15 years show an impressive increase in the use of modern contraceptive methods from 26 percent in 1996 to 43 percent in 2011. Objectives of the is to assess the knowledge, attitude regarding family planning and the practice of contraceptives among the married women of Dhabi VDC of Eastern Nepal. A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was done in Dhabi VDC. Total of 300 married women age 15-49 sample were taken from family planning center situated in Dhabi. Knowledge, attitude and practice on contraceptives were evaluated with the help of a predesigned questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done by using SPSS 11.5 software to obtain frequencies and percentages. Out of 300 interviewed women, the mean age was 27.94 years, 98% had heard about Family planning method. Radio was the main Source of family planning information. Regarding the usage of contraceptive methods, about 79.3% had ever used and 63.3 had current using some sort of contraception, among the method used Injectables were the commonly used methods About 71% of married women other child in the further. Despite the knowledge of all family planning methods majority of the women used Injectables. Easily accessible and easily to use were the main reasons for choosing Injectables methods. 

scholarly journals Influence of Sociodemographic Factors on the Utilization of Contraceptive Methods Among the Married Women of Jowai Town, West Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Merry C. Passah
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Jaintia Hills ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Family planning refers to the practices that help individuals or couples avoid unwanted births, regulate the intervals between pregnancies, and determine the number of children in the family. The present study was undertaken to know the extent of knowledge, attitude, and adoption of family planning methods among the married women of Jowai town, West Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya. An attempt has also been made to find out the sociodemographic factors influencing the use of contraceptive methods among the studied population. The information on awareness as well as the use of contraceptives was collected from 719 married women of the reproductive age group 15–49 years using a structured scheduled. Among the women in Jowai town, the knowledge of family planning methods is widespread. In addition, a majority of the women have a favorable attitude towards family planning. However, there exists a gap between the knowledge and the practice of contraceptive methods among the women of Jowai town. Ingesting an oral contraceptive pill is the most preferred contraceptive method among the women. Contraceptive use among women is seen to be positively correlated with educational level and income (significant at p < 0.01), and negatively correlated with current age, age at marriage, number of live births, and family type (significant at p < 0.01). Bivariate analysis substantiates the role of women’s education, household income, current age, age at marriage, number of live births, and family type in influencing the utilization of contraceptive methods.

scholarly journals Low contraceptive utilization among young married women is associated with perceived social norms and belief in contraceptive myths in rural Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247484
Author(s):  
Tariku Dingeta ◽  
Lemessa Oljira ◽  
Alemayehu Worku ◽  
Yemane Berhane
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Rural Ethiopia ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization

Introduction Despite the increasingly wider availability of contraceptives and the high levels of unmet need for family planning in rural Ethiopia, contraceptive utilization among young married women is low. Studies on associated factors in Ethiopia so far have been focused on individual factors with little emphasis on socio-cultural factors. This study aimed to assess the association between contraceptive utilization and socio-cultural factors among young married women in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based survey was conducted among young married women aged 14–24 years. A total of 3039 women were interviewed by trained data collectors using a structured questionnaire. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) was used to identify factors associated with contraceptive utilization using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The current contraceptive prevalence rate was 14.1% (95% CI: 12.8–15.5). Perceived social approval (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.60–2.30) and perception of friends’ contraceptive practice (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.20–1.54) were significantly and positively associated with contraceptive utilization. On the contrary, increased score of belief in contraceptive myths was significantly and negatively associated with contraceptive use (AOR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.49–0.73). Moreover, recent exposure to family planning information (AOR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.22–2.28), ever-mother (AOR = 9.68; 95% CI: 4.47–20.90), and secondary and above education level (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.38–2.70) were significantly associated with higher odds of contraceptive utilization. Conclusion Only about one-in-seven young married women were using contraceptive methods. Socio-cultural factors significantly influence young married women’s contraceptive utilization. Interventions to address social norms and pervasive myths and misconceptions could increase the use of contraceptive methods in young married women.

scholarly journals DETERMINAN PEMILIHAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI TRADISIONAL DI WILAYAH PERKOTAAN DAN PERDESAAN PROVINSI BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Putu Ayu Indrayathi ◽  
Istiana Marfianti ◽  
Putu Dwiki Damadita ◽  
Ni Made Ari Listiani ◽  
Luh Kadek Ratih Swandewi
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

ABSTRACT The result of 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (SDKI 2017) shows the number of traditional contraception uses in Bali Province has increased from 7% in 2012 to 13% in 2017. The use of traditional contraception methods in Bali is double that of national figures. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the choice of traditional contraception methods in urban and rural areas of married women in Bali Province. This study is a secondary data analysis from the 2017 SDKI. The sample size is 357 women ages 15-49 years. There are 22 independent variables that are studied, and the dependent variable is the use of traditional contraception methods. The results of multivariate analysis showed that significantly related factors are uppermiddle category wealth quintile (p = 0.027, OR = 11.16, 95% CI = 1.31-94.54), top category wealth quintile (p = 0.049, OR = 9.04, 95% Ci = 1.01-80.77), obtained family planning information from the pharmacist (p = 0.034, OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.05-4.17), side effects of contraception (p = 0.002, OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.48-5.88), decision making to use contraception with partner (p = 0.029, OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.09-5 , 43), and decision-makers using family planning only husband/partner (p = 0.015, OR = 4.24, 95% CI = 1.32-13.56). The variables that become protective factor is the newspaper reading variables (p = 0.008, OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.23-0.79). The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is the use of traditional contraception methods in married women in Bali Province influenced by wealth quintiles, habits of reading the newspaper, obtaining contraception information from pharmacists, side effects of using contraception and those who make decisions about using contraception.  Keywords : Contraception method, Traditional contraception, Balinesse married women.   ABSTRAK Hasil Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017 menunjukkan angka penggunaan KB tradisional di Provinsi Bali mengalami peningkatan dari 7% pada 2012 menjadi 13% pada 2017. Penggunaan alat/cara KB tradisional di Bali dua kali lipat lebih banyak dibandingkan angka nasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan alat/cara KB tradisional di daerah perkotaan dan perdesaan pada wanita kawin di Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis data sekunder dari data SDKI 2017. Besar sampel adalah 357 wanita usia subur (WUS) dengan usia 15-49 tahun. Terdapat 22 variabel bebas yang diteliti, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah penggunaan alat/cara KB tradisional. Hasil analisis multivariat menggunakan analisis regresi logistik menunjukan bahwa faktor -faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap pemilihan alat kontrasepsi tradisional adalah kuintil kekayaan kategori menengah atas (p=0,027, OR=11,16, 95% CI=1,31-94,54), kuintil kekayaan kategori teratas (p=0,049, OR=9,04, 95% Ci=1,01-80,77), mendapatkan informasi KB dari apoteker (p=0,034, OR=2,1, 95% CI=1,05-4,17), efek samping penggunaan kontrasepsi (p=0,002, OR=2,95, 95% CI=1,48-5,88), mengambil keputusan menggunakan KB bersama pasangan (p=0,029, OR=2,43, 95% CI=1,09-5,43)), dan pengambil keputusan menggunakan KB hanya suami/pasangan (p=0,015, OR=4,24, 95% CI=1,32-13,56). Variabel yang menjadi faktor protektif adalah variabel membaca koran (p=0,008, OR=0,42, 95% CI=0,23-0,79). Simpulan yang dapat ditarik dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan alat/cara KB tradisional pada wanita kawin di Provinsi Bali dipengaruhi oleh kuintil kekayaan, kebiasan membaca koran, mendapatkan informasi KB dari apoteker, efek samping penggunaan kontrasepsi dan pihak yang mengambil keputusan dalam menggunakan KB.  Kata kunci : Penggunaan alat/cara KB, KB tradisional, WUS di Bali.

scholarly journals Migration and family planning in the state with highest total fertility rate in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidhubhusan Mahapatra ◽  
Niranjan Saggurti ◽  
Raman Mishra ◽  
Monika Walia ◽  
Saradiya Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background This study examined the relationship between male out-migration and family planning (FP) behaviour of women in rural Bihar. Methods Data was collected from 937 currently married women aged 15–34 years from two districts of Bihar, namely Nawada and Gopalganj. Respondents were selected through a multi-stage systematic sampling and were recruited from both low and high male out-migration blocks. Differences in FP outcomes—use of modern contraceptive methods, intention to use contraceptives in next 12 months and access to FP services—were assessed by volume of migration, husband’s migration status, frequency of return, and duration of husband’s stay at home during visits. Results Women with migrant husbands were about 50% less likely to use modern contraceptive methods. Further, the odds of using modern contraceptives was about half among women with migrant husbands if they resided in high out-migration areas (HMA) than low out-migration areas (LMA) (15% vs 29%, AOR: 0·50, p = 0·017). A higher proportion of women with migrant husbands, specifically from HMA, reported greater intention of using contraceptives in next 12 months than their counterparts (37% vs 23%, AOR: 1·83, p = 0·015). Similarly, access to FP services was negatively associated with the volume of male out-migration, specifically for women with migrant husbands. Conclusions The migratory environment as well as the migration of husbands affect contraceptive use and access to FP services among women. Given that a significant proportion of married males leave their home states for work, it is imperative that FP programs in migration affected areas plan and implement migration-centric FP implementation strategies.

TIMING OF SEXUAL DEBUT AMONG UNMARRIED YOUTHS AGED 15–24 YEARS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Amo-Adjei ◽  
Derek Anamaale Tuoyire
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
The Impact

SummaryThis study aimed to contribute to the evidence on the timing of sexual debut in young people in sub-Saharan African countries. Data were extracted from 34 nationally representative surveys conducted in the region between 2006 and 2014. The study sample comprised unmarried women (n=167,932) and men (n=76,900) aged 15–24 years. Descriptive techniques and Cox proportional regression models were used to estimate the timing of sexual debut, and Kaplan–Meier hazard curves were used to describe the patterns of sexual debut in each country by sex. For the countries studied, sexual debut for both women and men occurred between the ages of 15 and 18 years, with median ages of 16 for women and 17 for men. Overall, education and household wealth provided significant protection against early sexual debut among women, but the reverse was found among men for wealth. Women in rural areas, in female-headed households and in Central, South and West Africa reported higher hazards of early commencement of sexual activity than their counterparts in urban, male-headed households and East Africa. However, the impact of these variables on male sexual debut did not follow a consistent pattern. Varied timing, as well as country-specific risk factors associated with sexual debut for young women and men across sub-Saharan Africa, were identified. Sexual health programmes and interventions for young people may require different approaches for young women and men.

scholarly journals A prospective study of demographic and socioeconomic factors responsible for non-acceptance of family planning methods at tertiary care teaching hospital, Gujarat, Indiaal, Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3361
Author(s):  
Neelam Joharwal ◽  
Shital Kapadia
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Background: Population explosion has been major challenge for India since Independence. The adoption of contraceptive methods remains the best solution to this problem. The objective of this study was to determine the factors for non-acceptance of different contraceptive methods among married women of postnatal ward in tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The aim of the study was to analyse about the level of awareness and attitude towards different methods of contraception among married women of reproductive age groups.Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, B. J. Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, a tertiary care teaching hospital from June 2019 to November 2020. 200 patients meeting inclusion criteria were included. Case sheets were analysed to obtain data regarding reasons for non-acceptance of contraceptive methods.Results: In our study, we found that among study population 64% women use family planning methods, which was still low as compared to developed countries. 36% women were non-users in study population. The main reason of non-acceptance of contraceptive method were desire for male child, non-allowance by religion/custom, the myth regarding price of contraceptive method, desire of more children and worry about side effects.Conclusions: To increase the use of contraceptive among women, we can increase awareness about different family planning method with counselling about various available contraceptives. It is also important to increase participation of husbands as they often influence the decision regarding reproductive health of women.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document