scholarly journals Clinical and morphological features of SARS-COV-2 associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Vladimirovich Ermilov ◽  
Nikita Alexeevich Dorofeev
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Fatal Complication ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Necrosis ◽  
Similar Combination

Abstract Background The current case report presents acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy (AHNE) as an example of a fatal complication, the etiology of which could be coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with multiple organ damage along with the existing respiratory tuberculosis. Case presentation A male in his 20s had severe symptoms of central nervous system lesion, which developed against the background of COVID-19 and respiratory tuberculosis, for which he was treated in the intensive care unit. Autopsy confirmed that he died from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated AHNE in adults with severe fatal endothelial dysfunction and respiratory tuberculosis. The main morphological signs of brain damage were desquamative endotheliitis, thrombosis, parenchymal hemorrhagic necrosis, encephalitis, severe necrobiotic neuronal damage. Conclusion The defeat of endothelial cells with the development of generalized endotheliitis in COVID-19, especially in conjunction with comorbid pathology, in particular tuberculosis, can lead to a fatal complication that affects the nervous system—AHNE. Therefore, it is worth paying close attention to the appearance of neurological symptoms in patients with a similar combination of diseases.

scholarly journals Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple-organ damage / dysfunction in complicated canine babesiosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Welzl ◽  
A.L. Leisewitz ◽  
L.S. Jacobson ◽  
T. Vaughan-Scott ◽  
E. Myburgh
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Increased Risk

This study was designed to document the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in dogs with complicated babesiosis, and to assess their impact on outcome. Ninety-one cases were evaluated retro-spectively for SIRS and 56 for MODS. The liver, kidneys, lungs, central nervous system and musculature were assessed. Eighty-seven percent of cases were SIRS-positive. Fifty-two percent of the cases assessed for organ damage had single-organ damage and 48 % had MODS. Outcome was not significantly affected by either SIRS or MODS, but involvement of specific organs had a profound effect. Central nervous system involvement resulted in a 57 times greater chance of death and renal involvement in a 5-fold increased risk compared to all other complications. Lung involvement could not be statistically evaluated owing to co-linearity with other organs, but was associated with high mortality. Liver and muscle damage were common, but did not significantly affect outcome. There are manysimilarities between the observations in this study and previous human and animal studies in related fields, lending additional support to the body of evidence for shared underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in systemic inflammatory states.

scholarly journals A case report: Actinobaculum suis infection associated with formation of pyogranuloma, epididymitis and azoospermia in a boar

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Arnold ◽  
Olivia Richard ◽  
Corinne Gurtner ◽  
Heiko Nathues ◽  
Alexander Grahofer
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Organic Farm

Abstract Background Actinobaculum suis is a bacterium known to cause infections of the urogenital tract of sows. Infection can occur through close contact to boars, who frequently carry the pathogen in their preputial diverticulum but do not become clinically diseased themselves. In the current case, Actinobaculum suis was isolated from pyogranuloma of inflamed epididymis in a boar with poor fertility. Case presentation Increased return to oestrus rate, which worsened after the purchase of a new boar, was reported in an organic farm in Switzerland. During herd examination, azoospermia of the boar was diagnosed, and slaughter, followed by examination of its urogenital tract, was carried out. Pathologically, pyogranuloma formation and epididymitis were diagnosed. Bacteriology of the pyogranulomas showed growth of Actinobaculum suis and mixed flora. After the boar was replaced, the return to oestrus rate improved tremendously. Conclusion A close relative of Actinobaculum suis, namely Actinotignum schaalii, has already been associated with epididymitis in humans. Considering the present case and the parallels in human medicine, Actinobaculum suis should be included in the list of differentials of boars with poor fertility.

scholarly journals Fabry disease causes angiitis of the central nervous system:a case report

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Zheng Kong ◽  
Ya-Hui Lian ◽  
Lin-Jing Wang ◽  
Chun-Mei Wang ◽  
Yang-Yang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Treated Patient ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Black Blood ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Background: Fabry disease is very rare and often delayed in diagnosis. Described herein are Fabry disease causes angiitis of the central nervous system. MRI black blood sequence has a unique advantage in showing vascular wall. It can clearly show the angiitis. Case presentation: A 27-year-old man came to our hospital for treatment because of "diplopia 6d". The patient was eventually diagnosed with Fabry disease causes angiitis of the central nervous system by a series of examinations. Then，we treated patient with hormones and the symptoms relieved. Two months later，the initial vasculitis was gone，but the new vasculitis appeared. Four months later，the last lesion disappeared，but the new lesion appeared. Conclusions: This case prompts the clinician should use MRI black blood sequence scan in time when young patients have repeated strokes and the lesions are migratory. If vasculitis is found and other systemic lesions are combined，we should think of the possibility of Fabry disease.

scholarly journals Necrotizing fasciitis complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after breast augmentation with fat from the waist and lower extremities: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052093762
Author(s):  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Longjin Chen ◽  
Kai Chi ◽  
Liyan Xu ◽  
Yonglin Li
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Successful Recovery

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressing soft tissue infection with a mortality rate as high as 30% to 50%. However, the incidence rate of NF after liposuction is extremely low. In the current case report, we describe a woman with NF who developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after fat acquisition. The aim of this paper is to summarize the management of these patients. After debridement and drainage, correction of multiple organ failure, and plastic surgery, the patient’s organ and lower limb functions improved to a normal level. Early diagnosis, early operative treatment, and correction of systemic abnormalities are the keys to successful recovery of patients with NF complicated with MODS after liposuction.

scholarly journals Case report on Cotard’s syndrome (CS) in a patient with schizophrenia: a rare case from Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Subhas ◽  
Khin Ohnmar Naing ◽  
Chaw Su ◽  
Jiann Lin Loo ◽  
Aishah Farhana Shahbudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Diagnostic Investigations

Abstract Background Cotard’s syndrome (CS) is a neuropsychiatric condition marked by nihilistic delusional(s). Due to its rarity, misdiagnosis of the syndrome often occurs. The current case study is of a Malaysian woman who was misdiagnosed for several years by professionals due to the presence of hypochondriac symptoms before receiving the correct diagnosis. Case presentation In this case presentation, we describe the case of L, a 42-year-old Malaysian lady who was first misdiagnosed with depression. The diagnosis of schizophrenia and CS was confirmed after thorough clinical examination, diagnostic investigations, and deliberation at a departmental forum. The patient improved after receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) along with antipsychotic medications. Conclusions This case study highlights the importance of early recognition of CS by professionals as it can save time for both parties when setting up a treatment plan. Essentially, early recognition of CS in schizophrenia is paramount in the process of rapid stabilization through ECT and promotion of patient recovery.

scholarly journals Testosterone Depletion by Castration May Protect Mice from Heat-Induced Multiple Organ Damage and Lethality

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chian-Yuh Lin ◽  
Mao-Tsun Lin ◽  
Ruei-Tang Cheng ◽  
Sheng-Hsien Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

When the vehicle-treated, sham-operated mice underwent heat stress, the fraction survival and core temperature at +4 h of body heating were found to be 5 of 15 and34.4∘C±0.3∘C, respectively. Castration 2 weeks before the start of heat stress decreased the plasma levels of testosterone almost to zero, protected the mice from heat-induced death (fraction survival, 13/15) and reduced the hypothermia (core temperature,37.3∘C). The beneficial effects of castration in ameliorating lethality and hypothermia can be significantly reduced by testosterone replacement. Heat-induced apoptosis, as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl- transferase- mediatedαUDP-biotin nick end-labeling staining, were significantly prevented by castration. In addition, heat-induced neuronal damage, as indicated by cell shrinkage and pyknosis of nucleus, to the hypothalamus was also castration-prevented. Again, the beneficial effects of castration in reducing neuronal damage to the hypothalamus as well as apoptosis in multiple organs during heatstroke, were significantly reversed by testosterone replacement. The data indicate that testosterone depletion by castration may protect mice from heatstroke-induced multiple organ damage and lethality.

scholarly journals Temporary Diplopia After Gow-Gates Injection: Case Report and Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Alvear Fa ◽  
Steven R. Speaker ◽  
Alan W. Budenz
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Anesthetic Techniques ◽  
Double Vision ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Complications associated with various local anesthetic techniques have been recorded in case reports and reviews. This current case reports a transient incident of blurred, double vision (diplopia) following a Gow-Gates mandibular block injection. There is descriptive discussion on possibilities associated with intra-arterial injection, intravenous injection, diffusion through tissue planes, and the autonomic nervous system pathway to lend credence suggesting the etiology of the complication. For practitioners, recognizing when a complication arises from anesthesia delivery and managing the patient in an appropriate manner is essential to an overall agreeable outcome.

scholarly journals Camptocormia as the presenting symptom in sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Türk ◽  
Armin M. Nagel ◽  
Frank Roemer ◽  
Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt ◽  
Christian T. Thiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Nemaline Myopathy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Unknown Significance ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Treatable Condition

Abstract Background Camptocormia has been reported in a plethora of diseases comprising disorders of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the neuromuscular junction as well as hereditary and acquired myopathies. In sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy concomitant axial myopathy is common, but reports about camptocormia as the only presenting symptom in this condition are very rare. Notably, sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy is a potentially treatable condition in particular when associated with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, HIV or rheumatological disorders. Case presentation We report the case of a 62-year-old female patient, who presented with slowly progressive camptocormia. Comprehensive work-up including neurological work-up, laboratory tests, MR-imaging, muscle biopsy and genetic testing led to the diagnosis of sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy. Conclusions Our case report highlights that sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy has to be considered in patients presenting with isolated camptocormia and comprehensive work-up of camptocormia is mandatory to ascertain the individual diagnosis, especially in consideration of treatable conditions.

scholarly journals An unexpected sudden death due to a choroid plexus papilloma: an autopsy case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Amine Zaara ◽  
Sarra Gharsallaoui ◽  
Nihed Abdessayed ◽  
Sarra Mestiri ◽  
Dorra Chiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Choroid Plexus Papilloma ◽  
Acute Chest Pain ◽  
Autopsy Case ◽  
Fatal Complication ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Plexus Papilloma

Abstract Background Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are histopathologically benign and rare central nervous system tumors. These tumors remain more frequent in children than adults. It is infrequent for these tumors to cause a sudden unexpected death. We aim in this case to discuss the unusual and fatal presentation of choroid plexus papilloma and the mechanism of death. Case presentation we report the case of a 61-year-old man with no medical history, diagnosed at autopsy with a previously unknown CPP. Initial complaints were chronic headache occurring in the last month and acute chest pain for two days. The forensic autopsy including the histopathologic examination showed a tumoral mass of the choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle diagnosed as a psammomatous CPP. The cause of death in this case was attributed to a massive cerebral edema caused by the tumoral mass. Conclusions Through this case report, we stress the importance of an early and a vigorous investigation of every headache and an early detection of this tumor and we highlight as well the role of the post mortem examination to detect such a fatal complication.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) simulating as acute appendicitis: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorays Moazzam ◽  
Areej Salim ◽  
Kiran Hilal ◽  
Muhammad Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Fatal Complication ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to disrupt global affairs through a variety of manifestations, a severe presentation of some COVID-19 pediatric patients has emerged, presenting as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) that may mimic surgical conditions. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with acute, intermittent abdominal pain and fever. Further inquiry suggested a hyperinflammatory disorder affecting multiple organ systems. Upon COVID-19 PCR testing, the patient was reported as COVID-19 positive in the second test on the 2nd day of admission, after an initial negative test upon admission. We describe the course of this patient’s disease from presentation until discharge and discuss the emerging literature on this potentially fatal complication. Conclusion: MIS-C should be a differential diagnosis in patients who may present with acute abdominal pain in the emergency room.

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