scholarly journals Histopathological study of invasive and non-invasive Entamoeba spp. in experimental rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athraa Abd-ulameer Al-Hilfi ◽  
Maha Khalil Al-Malak ◽  
Muslim Abd-ulrahman Al-Tomah
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tissue Invasion ◽  
Mucosal Layer

Abstract Background The genus Entamoeba has many species that are invasive or non-invasive (E. histolytica, E. dispar, and E. moshkovskii).The invasive E. histolytica is the main pathogenic amoeba in human. Amoebiasis involves several stages starting with the adherence of the parasite to the intestinal epithelium, followed by degradation, tissue invasion, and distribution to other organs. Results The current study investigates the pathological changes of Entamoeba spp. infection in both rectum and cecum of experimental rats. The results showed the histological changes at the 7th, 14th, and 28th day post-infection for the three species. E. histolytica and E. moshkovskii infection showed less pathological changes compared to E. histolytica. These changes include the attachment of the trophozoites to the mucosal layer, significant surface epithelial changes such as dissociation and degeneration in the mucosal layer, and ulceration of the apical surface. Inflammatory cells infiltrate the varied regions, extending into the deep mucosa causing mild architectural alterations. These are features of amoebiasis. Conclusion The pathological changes reported in E. dispar and E. moshkovskii were less severe than E. histolytica.

A Computerized Coding System for Processing Basic Histopathological Changes – Application to Vascular Pathology

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mauriello ◽  
Y. Sambuy ◽  
E. Bonanno ◽  
A. Orlandi ◽  
G. Palmieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Sufficient Space

SummaryAmong the numerous existing computer-based systems for processing pathological data, none contains sufficient space for encoding data on the basic cytological or histological changes of a certain organ or tissue, upon which the final diagnosis is based.An “analytical record” was constructed listing all the basic changes that can be encountered in the various pathological conditions of the vascular wall. The data collected on the “analytical record” were coded by means of an alphanumeric code and stored in an Apple II 48 K minicomputer.The advantages of this system include the computerization of the data by non-specialized personnel and the possibility to’ quantitatively analyze the histocytopathological parameters used for diagnosis in vascular pathology. This coding system may easily be adapted, with minor modifications, to the histopathological study of other organs and tissues.

scholarly journals Imaging of endometrial osseous metaplasia—an uncommon but treatable cause of infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Haseeb Wani ◽  
Arshed Hussain Parry ◽  
Imza Feroz ◽  
Majid Jehangir ◽  
Masarat Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Osseous Metaplasia ◽  
Dystrophic Calcification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Urinary Tuberculosis ◽  
Hypointense Signal ◽  
Metaplastic Ossification

Abstract Background Endometrial osseous metaplasia (EOM) is an uncommon condition characterised by metaplastic transformation of endometrial tissue into osteoblasts (mature or immature bone in the endometrium). Etiopathogenesis of EOM is explained by multiple putative mechanisms like dystrophic calcification, metaplastic ossification, retained foetal bones after abortions and genito-urinary tuberculosis. EOM has varied clinical presentation ranging from patient being asymptomatic to secondary infertility. Although hysteroscopy is the gold standard for its diagnosis and treatment, non-invasive imaging comprising chiefly of ultrasonography (USG) is increasingly becoming the mainstay of diagnosis. We aim to present the imaging findings in EOM to acquaint radiologists and gynaecologists with this condition to avert misdiagnosis of this uncommon yet treatable cause of infertility. Results Mean age of patients was 31.4 ± 5.4 (S.D) years. USG revealed linear or tubular densely echogenic endometrium with posterior acoustic shadowing in all the 14 patients. MRI in 3 patients revealed diffuse or patchy areas of T1W and T2W hypointense signal intensity with unilateral (n = 2) and bilateral (n = 1) ovarian cysts. One patient who underwent CT scan revealed dense endometrial calcification. Histopathologic examination (HPE) revealed lamellar (n = 6) or trabecular (n = 4) bone within endometrium (EOM) and inflammatory cells with calcification in four patients (calcific endometritis). Twelve patients conceived after dilatation and curettage within 15 months. Conclusion Familiarity with the imaging appearances of EOM is indispensable to clinch this diagnosis and avert misdiagnosis of this rare but potentially treatable cause of infertility. USG is usually sufficient for diagnosis. MRI and CT are only supplementary tools in difficult clinical scenarios.

scholarly journals Anti-C5a complementary peptide mitigates zymosan-induced severe peritonitis with fibrotic encapsulation in rats pretreated with methylglyoxal

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. F1732-F1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Iguchi ◽  
Masashi Mizuno ◽  
Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽  
Fumiko Sakata ◽  
Shoichi Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Visceral Peritoneum ◽  
Peritoneal Encapsulation ◽  
Severe Peritonitis

In a previous study of fungal peritoneal injury in peritoneal dialysis patients, complement (C)-dependent pathological changes were developed in zymosan (Zy)-induced peritonitis by peritoneal scraping. However, the injuries were limited to the parietal peritoneum and did not show any fibrous encapsulation of the visceral peritoneum, which differs from human encapsular peritoneal sclerosis (EPS). We investigated peritoneal injury in a rat model of Zy-induced peritonitis pretreated with methylglyoxal (MGO) instead of scraping (Zy/MGO peritonitis) to clarify the role of C in the process of fibrous encapsulation of the visceral peritoneum. Therapeutic effects of an anti-C5a complementary peptide, AcPepA, on peritonitis were also studied. In Zy/MGO peritonitis, peritoneal thickness, fibrin exudation, accumulation of inflammatory cells, and deposition of C3b and C5b-9 with loss of membrane C regulators were increased along the peritoneum until day 5. On day 14, fibrous encapsulation of the visceral peritoneum was observed, resembling human EPS. Peritoneal injuries and fibrous changes were significantly improved with AcPepA treatment, even when AcPepA was administered following injection of Zy in Zy/MGO peritonitis. The data show that C5a might play a role in the development of encapsulation-like changes in the visceral peritoneum in Zy/MGO peritonitis. AcPepA might have therapeutic effects in fungal infection-induced peritoneal injury by preventing subsequent development of peritoneal encapsulation.

scholarly journals HISTOLOGIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF PATHOLOGIC CHANGE IN COMPLETE IMPACTED THIRD MOLARS DENTAL FOLLICLES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafiqa Mohammed Haidra Masdoose ◽  
Akram Thabet Nasher ◽  
Monya A. El-Zine ◽  
Ameen Abdullah Yahya Al-Akwa ◽  
Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Impacted Third Molar ◽  
Younger Age

Background: Prophylactic extraction of the asymptomatic impacted third molar is routinely practiced in Europe and the United States. The justification for prophylactic extraction includes the need to reduce the risk of pathologic changes such as cysts and tumors.   Objectives: This study aimed to study the histological and radiological changes in the tooth follicles of upper and lower complete impacted 3rd molars -which appeared radiologically normal. Material and method: A prospective study included fifty patients aged 20 years and above who were referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sana'a. Patients had follicular space between (2.5mm -3mm) as measured by the panoramic X-ray. These teeth were removed surgically and the follicle was sent for histopathological examination. Results: Most histopathological changes were in dental follicles with a size of <2.5 mm (86%), and only 14% with 2.5 mm - 3 mm. There was statistical significance between the smallest size of dental follicles with the incidence of pathological histological changes indicating a high probability of developing neoplasm (p =0.008).  Of the 50 follicular patients, 28% showed HC, nine (64%) had ameloblastoma, four (29%) had a dentigerous cyst, and only one case (7%) had a multicalcified focus with islands of odontogenic epithelium. While 72% of the samples had normal follicles and non-specific chronic inflammatory cells. There is an association between female sex and pathological histological changes (12 females: 2 males, p =0.008), age group 21-25 years (93% HC), with mandibles (65% HC). Regarding angle and histopathological changes, 36% were vertical, 29% mesioangular, 14.2% horizontal and destioangular, and 7.1% buccoangular. Conclusion:  High incidence of HC occurred in patients with DF, and it was associated with smaller dental follicle size, most HC was ameloblastoma, followed by dentigerous cyst, while 72% of samples had normal follicles and non-specific chronic inflammatory cells. There is a correlation between female gender, younger age group, and jaw position with HC. Prophylactic extraction of the asymptomatic impacted third molar should be routinely practiced in Yemen, to reduce the risk of pathological changes, especially in females and younger age groups.                            Peer Review History: Received 11 January 2021; Revised 8 February; Accepted 28 February, Available online 15 March 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] Dr. Alfonso Alexander Aguileral, University of Veracruz,  Mexico, [email protected]   Similar Articles: RADIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF THE COURSE AND VISIBILITY OF THE MANDIBULAR CANAL BY PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY

Differential localization of villin and fimbrin during development of the mouse visceral endoderm and intestinal epithelium

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Ezzell ◽  
M.M. Chafel ◽  
P.T. Matsudaira
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Visceral Endoderm ◽  
Apical Cytoplasm ◽  
Gut Epithelium ◽  
Microfilament Bundles

The apical surface of transporting epithelia is specially modified to absorb nutrients efficiently by amplifying its surface area as microvilli. Each microvillus is supported by an underlying core of bundled actin filaments. Villin and fimbrin are two actin-binding proteins that bundle actin filaments in the intestine and kidney brush border epithelium. To better understand their function in the assembly of the cytoskeleton during epithelial differentiation, we examined the pattern of villin and fimbrin expression in the developing mouse using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Villin is first detected at day 5 in the primitive endoderm of the postimplantation embryo and is later restricted to the visceral endoderm. By day 8.5, villin becomes redistributed to the apical surface in the visceral endoderm, appearing in the gut at day 10 and concentrating in the apical cytoplasm of the differentiating intestinal epithelium 2–3 days later. In contrast, fimbrin is found in the oocyte and in all tissues of the early embryo. In both the visceral endoderm and gut epithelium, fimbrin concentrates at the apical surface 2–3 days after villin; this redistribution occurs when the visceral endoderm microvilli first contain organized microfilament bundles and when microvilli first begin to appear in the gut. These results suggest a common mechanism of assembly of the absorptive surface of two different tissues in the embryo and identify villin as a useful marker for the visceral endoderm.

Pathology of Pullorum Disease and Molecular Characterization of Its Pthogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
J Alam ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MAHNA Khan ◽  
MG Haider
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Focal Necrosis ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum

This experiment was conducted to determine the pathology of pullorum disease of chickens and molecular identification of its pathogen. A total of 108 samples, including swabs from different organs were collected from different commercial layer farms of Gazipur district. The histopathological samples were collected in 10% formalin and the swabs were collected in tetrathionate broth. Samples were subjected to isolation and identification of the causal agent followed by gross and histopathological study of the affected visceral organs. Fifty eight out of 108 cloacal swabs (53.7%) were Salmonella positive. The percentage of Salmonella positive in liver swabs, spleen swabs, lung swabs and intestinal swabs from dead birds were 55.88%, 32.35%, 35.29% and 47.05%, respectively. On average, 52.94% livers of Salmonella affected birds were enlarged, congested and hemorrhagic and necrotic foci was present in 32.35% liver. Unabsorbed and coagulated yolk was found in 70.58% cases. From these 38.24% spleens were swollen and congested and 44.12 % kidneys were enlarged. At histopathology, 52.94% livers showed congestion, focal necrosis with multifocal infiltration of histiocytes in liver parenchyma. Focal necrosis and inflammatory cells were found in 70.58% spleen. Infiltration of heterophils in intestinal mucosa was found in 47.05% cases. 20.58% (7 out of 34) samples were PCR positive for Salmonella Pullorum organism. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(1) : 25-35

scholarly journals NEW FLAVONOID COMPOUND FROM ALLIUM HOOKERI THWAITES AS A GASTROPROTECTIVE AGENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Khumanthem Deepak Singh ◽  
Dipak Chetia ◽  
Biplab D. E.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Allium Hookeri ◽  
Gastroprotective Agent ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Isolated Compound

Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the antiulcer potential of an isolated flavonoid compound from Allium hookeri (AH).Methods: Oral administration of ethanol-induced ulcer to the mucosal layer of the stomach in the rats. The ulcer score and percentage protection was calculated from the stomach and gastric mucosal scrapping was carried out for the biochemical studies. Antioxidant study was carried out in liver and histopathological study of the ulcer stomach was performed.Results: Phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract of AH (MEAH) leaves afforded a new flavonoid compound characterized as 3, 5, 6-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-(6-hydroxy-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydro benzofuran-7-yl) phenyl-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (Compound 1). The flavonoid compound at the dose of 5 mg/kg showed a significant change in ulcer index by reducing the ulcer index and increased in percentage protection. It also increased the in vivo antioxidant activity by increasing the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GLU) and catalase (CAT) levels. The isolated compound reversed the increase of mucin content in the mucosal scrapings. The histopathology study showed the reversed of normal gland texture in the mucous layer of the standard and compound 1 treated stomach when compared to the negative control.Conclusion: Present findings demonstrated the significant antiulcer activity and antioxidant activity of the isolated flavonoid compound as the supporting factor.

Stanniocalcin-1 regulates endothelial gene expression and modulates transendothelial migration of leukocytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. F895-F904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arup Chakraborty ◽  
Heddwen Brooks ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Matthew R. McReynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Transendothelial Migration ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
Apical Surface

The mammalian counterpart of the fish calcium-regulating hormone stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) inhibits monocyte chemotactic protein-1- and stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)-mediated chemotaxis and diminishes chemokinesis in macrophage-like RAW264.7 and U937 cells in a manner that may involve attenuation of the intracellular calcium signal. STC1 is strongly induced in the kidney following obstructive injury. We hypothesized that STC1 may serve to attenuate the influx of inflammatory cells to the site of tissue injury. In this study, we examined the effect of STC1 on the migration of freshly isolated human macrophages, neutrophils, and T and B lymphocytes through quiescent or IL-1β-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers. STC1 inhibited transmigration of macrophages and T lymphocytes through quiescent or IL-1β-activated HUVECs but did not attenuate the transmigration of neutrophils and B lymphocytes. STC1 regulates gene expression in cultured endothelial cells and is detected on the apical surface of endothelial cells in vivo. The data suggest that STC1 plays a critical role in transendothelial migration of inflammatory cells and is involved in the regulation of numerous aspects of endothelial function.

The relation between connective tissue cells and intercellular substances, including basement membranes

1975 ◽  
Vol 271 (912) ◽  
pp. 363-377 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pathological Changes

Basement membranes are distributed widely in the body forming an extracellular matrix for epithelial and endothelial cells. The collagenous and glycoprotein constituents of basement membranes are synthesized by these two cell types. Disturbance of the interactions between basement membranes and their associated epithelial and endothelial cells can lead to the pathological changes seen in diseases involving basement membranes. These changes are illustrated here by reference to glomerulonephritis induced by the deposition of immune complexes in the glomerulus of the kidney, and chronic inflammatory changes occurring in the lung after inhalation of asbestos. In these diseases basement membrane changes can occur in several ways. Hydrolytic enzymes released from inflammatory cells degrade basement membranes while other factors released from these cells may stimulate synthesis of basement membrane constituents by epithelial and endothelial cells. Alternatively the physical separation of epithelial and endothelial cells from their basement membranes by space-occupying substances such as immune complexes can interfere with feedback mechanisms leading to synthesis of basement membrane constituents and cell proliferation. Studies of these pathological changes at a cellular level should shed new light on the ways in which cells interact with their pericellular environment.

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