scholarly journals Colchicine effects on the ploidy level and morphological characters of Katokkon pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from North Toraja, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reisky Megawati Tammu ◽  
Tri Rini Nuringtyas ◽  
Budi Setiadi Daryono
Keyword(s):  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
Red Peppers

Abstract Background Productivity and quality of crops can be increased through polyploidy plants induced by colchicine. The use of colchicine has never been applied to Katokkon pepper, a local red pepper variety from North Toraja Indonesia. This pepper is characterized by its unique shape like the small-bell pod type of paprika and its strong spicy taste. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of colchicine treatment on the ploidy level and morphological characters of Katokkon pepper. Results Flow cytometer analysis showed that all colchicine concentration treatments ranging from 0.025 to 0.1% with 24 h immersion time generated two plant groups based on their ploidy level; 50% of the total treatment plants was diploid while the rest plants were mixoploid. All colchicine treatment plants were significantly different in their width of stomata guard cells from the control plant. The effect of colchicine was also significantly on the plant height, thickness of fruit flesh, and the number of fruits per plant. Conclusions The results of this study showed that colchicine treatment had a significant effect on the ploidy level and several morphological characters of the Katokkon pepper. The colchicine treatment increased the number of fruits per plant and thicker flesh of fruits but reduced the size and weight of Katokkon pepper. Our findings provide essential information to obtain tetraploid Katokkon plants through colchicine treatment in further research. This study benefits as a preliminary step for increasing the productivity and quality of the local red peppers in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Intraspecific variation in the Cambrian: new observations on the morphology of the Chengjiang euarthropod Sinoburius lunaris

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Schmidt ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Xianguang Hou ◽  
Joachim T. Haug ◽  
Carolin Haug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Chengjiang Biota ◽  
3D Software

Abstract Background The Chengjiang biota from southwest China (518-million-years old, early Cambrian) has yielded nearly 300 species, of which more than 80 species represent early chelicerates, crustaceans and relatives. The application of µCT-techniques combined with 3D software (e.g., Drishti), has been shown to be a powerful tool in revealing and analyzing 3D features of the Chengjiang euarthropods. In order to address several open questions that remained from previous studies on the morphology of the xandarellid euarthropod Sinoburius lunaris, we reinvestigated the µCT data with Amira to obtain a different approach of visualization and to generate new volume-rendered models. Furthermore, we used Blender to design 3D models showing aspects of intraspecific variation. Results New findings are: (1) antennulae consist of additional proximal articles that have not been detected before; (2) compared to other appendages, the second post-antennular appendage has a unique shape, and its endopod is comprised of only five articles (instead of seven); (3) the pygidium bears four pairs of appendages which are observed in all specimens. On the other hand, differences between specimens also have been detected. These include the presence/absence of diplotergites resulting in different numbers of post-antennular appendages and tergites and different distances between the tip of the hypostome and the anterior margin of the head shield. Conclusions Those new observations reveal intraspecific variation among Chengjiang euarthropods not observed before and encourage considerations about possible sexual dimorphic pairs or ontogenetic stages. Sinoburius lunaris is a variable species with respect to its morphological characters, cautioning that taxon-specific variabilities need to be considered when exploring new species.

scholarly journals Colchicine in the Treatment of Recurrent Oral Aphthous Ulcer -Open Clinical Trial in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hassan ◽  
Z Ahmed ◽  
R Ali ◽  
F Ara ◽  
N Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Aphthous Ulcer ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Aphthous Ulceration ◽  
Benign Nature ◽  
Medical University

Background: Recurrent aphthous Ulceration (RAU) is characterized by necrotizing ulcers of the oral mucosa that persist, remit, and recur for variable periods of time. Despite the benign nature of the disease, RAU frequently affects quality of life as a result of long lasting and recurrent episodes of burning pain.Aim and objective: the aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of colchicine in treatment of recurrent oral aphthous ulcer.Methods: A clinical trial was conducted among 30 samples in the department of dermatology and venereology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Study was performed among those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data was collected from 1st September 2007 to 29th February. 2008 and enrolled data was analyzed by using statistical SPSS win 13.Results: Among 30 patients, 24 (80%) were male and 6(20%) were female. Mean age of the patients was 26.20 (±6.65) years. 26(87.7%) patients found ulcer in oral mucosa and 4(13.3%)in tongue, but previous family history was present in only 20% cases out of 30 patients. All patients experienced a marked decrease in symptoms during colchicine treatment in where; mean aphthae count was 3.27 (±1.05) before treatment and 0.43 (±0.68) during treatment. Pain score also reduced during treatment from 6.80 (±2.12) to 1.13 (±.1.11) which was statistically highly significant.Conclusions: Colchicine may be a promising modality of treatment in the therapeutic armamentarium for RAU.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v39i3.9948 BMJ 2010; 39(3)

scholarly journals Efficacy and prognosis following combined cinepazaide maleate/nimodipine therapy in cerebral vasospasm patients after hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1999-2004
Author(s):  
Tao Wu ◽  
Fangshu Chen ◽  
Hanyan Xiao ◽  
Tianying Xu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Total Treatment

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and prognosis following treatment of cerebral vasospasm (CVS) patients with a combination of cinnarizide maleate and nimodipine after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Methods: Eighty-eight patients with CVS after SAH were selected and divided into control group (CG) and study group (EG), each with 44 patients (n = 44). Patients in CG were treated with intravenous infusion of cinnarizide maleate, while those in EG received intravenous infusion of cinnarizide maleate together, and their clinical efficacy and prognosis were compared.Results: Compared with CG, total treatment effectiveness (response) in EG was significantly higher, while levels of inflammatory factors were lower (p < 0.05). Serum protein levels of S100 β and ET-1, and MCA blood flow velocity in EG were notably lower (p < 0.05), but GCS scores were highercompared with CG (p < 0.05). The NIHSS scores were lower and BI indices were higher in EG than in CG (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Treatment of CVS patients after SAH using a combination of cinnarizide maleate and nimodipine effectively reduces the levels of inflammatory factors, improves quality of prognosis, and relieves symptoms of CVS, when compared with administration of cinnarizide maleate only. Therefore, the combination treatment is recommended for the management of CVS after SAH.

Information Systems Management in the Supply Chain in an Official Pharmaceutical Laboratory

2017 ◽  
pp. 350-373
Author(s):  
Jorge Lima de Magalhães ◽  
Arlene Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Information Systems Management ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
System Information ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Entity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Laboratories

The official pharmaceutical laboratories are strategic to the government in actions such as production of specific medicines (neglected medicines), research and development in new neglected molecules, public policies, price regulators etc.; especially to the health public in Brazilian population. In this sense, it is important that the information's system of the supply chain in this laboratory must have effectiveness of the activities and processes in the in order to cooperate efficiently and effectively with strategic planning. This work aim to analyze the quality of information's in the catalog of materials as a potential instrument to improvement the process purchase flows standardization, economy in purchases and essential information to the decision-makers. A methodology is proposal to the management in the information's system in purchase department with a standard in the quality catalogue in order to subsidize buyers regarding the detailed description of the purchase item and your specifications. The work conceptualizes and highlights the quality of information and its relevance by adding values to the services and products in supply chain of the official pharmaceutical lab. In this case study was shown details of problems from initial quality description to the final acquisition. In conclusion, to promote the management in the quality of the system information of the catalog of materials is necessary. Therefore, it's possible a better supply chain in public entity, even in an official pharmaceutical laboratory.

Wireless Heartrate Monitoring Along Prioritized Alert Notification Using Mobile Techniques

2020 ◽  
pp. 230-243
Author(s):  
Rajasekaran Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Hospital Database ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New System

The increasing number of problems that need to be addressed in the hospital sector calls for innovation in this field. It brings us the need to find cost-effective and memory-efficient solutions to handle the vast data and sector it into essential information to operate on the patient. There used to be many systems to manage clinical records which are fixed at a place. It is quite complicated to get the information and make this data available at a patient's bedside. This leads to a considerable amount of wasted time in moving to those storage PCs and also the cost afforded is comparatively high. A computer system that controls and accomplishes all the data in the hospital database to provide effective healthcare is called hospital information system (HIS). The introduction of HIS made billing and inventor easier for the staff. This paper discusses diverse methods that improve the cost, demands of HIS, and provide techniques to function efficiently using wireless networks. Also, the paper gives a comparative study on different aspects such as cost, quality of service, transportation, and security. A new system is proposed by combining the wireless healthcare system along prioritized alert notification.

scholarly journals Towards a phylogeny of the Metazoa: evaluating alternative phylogenetic positions of Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and Gnathostomulida, with a critical reappraisal of cladistic characters

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Jenner
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Cladistic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽  
Data Matrices

This paper critically assesses all morphological cladistic analyses of the Metazoa that were published during the last one and a half decades. Molecular and total evidence analyses are also critically reviewed. This study focuses on evaluating alternative phylogenetic positions of the ‘acoelomate’ worms: Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and Gnathostomulida. This paper consists of two parts. In Part I, all recently proposed sister group hypotheses and the supporting synapomorphies for these phyla are evaluated. Discrepancies in the treatment of corresponding characters in different cladistic analyses are identified, and where possible, resolved. In Part II, the overall phylogenetic significance across the Metazoa of all characters relevant for placing the ‘acoelomate’ worms is examined. The coding and scoring of these characters for other phyla are evaluated, and uncertainties in our understanding are pointed out in order to guide future research. The characters discussed in this paper are broadly categorized as follows: epidermis and cuticle, reproduction and sexual condition, development, larval forms, coeloms and mesoderm source, nervous system and sensory organs, nephridia, musculature, digestive system, and miscellaneous characters. Competing phylogenetic hypotheses are compared in terms of several criteria: 1) taxon sampling and the fulfillment of domain of definition for each character; 2) character sampling; 3) character coding; 4) character scoring and quality of primary homology; 5) quality of the proposed diagnostic synapomorphies as secondary homologies. On the basis of this study I conclude that a sister group for the Platyhelminthes has not yet been unambiguously established. A clade minimally composed of Neotrochozoa (Mollusca, Sipuncula, Echiura, Annelida) emerges as the most likely sister group of the Nemertea on the basis of morphological and total evidence analyses. Finally, morphological data currrently favor a sister group relationship of Gnathostomulida and Syndermata (probably plus Micrognathozoa). In contrast, molecular or total evidence analyses have not identified a reliable sister group of Gnathostomulida.Further progress in our understanding of metazoan phylogeny crucially depends on the improvement of the quality of currently adopted cladistic data matrices. A thorough reassessment of many of the more than 70 morphological characters discussed here is necessary. Despite the recent compilation of comprehensive data matrices, the power to test competing hypotheses of higher-level metazoan relationships is critically compromised due to uncritical data selection and poor character study in even the most recently published cladistic analyses.

scholarly journals The Preventive Effects of Asparagus officinalis Extract on Sodium Selenite-Induced Cataractogenesis in Experimental Animal Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Momammad Azadbakht ◽  
Mohammad Asghari ◽  
Kiumars Nowroozpoor Dailami ◽  
Ali Davoodi ◽  
Amirhossein Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
And Control

Background and Objectives. Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Although surgery is now considered the most successful cure, the development of alternative treatments is needed due to postsurgical complications. Oxidative stress in the lens is considered to be the most crucial factor in the formation of cataracts. Therefore, the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Asparagus officinalis L, a traditional antioxidative plant, on cataract formation of sodium selenite were evaluated. Materials and Methods. Neonatal rats received a single dose of sodium selenite as an intraperitoneal injection (30 μmol/kg) on day 10 postnatal to induce cataract. Animals were then posttreated with various oral solutions of A. officinalis extract at 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg once daily on days 10–16 postnatal. Cataract was evaluated by slit-lamp, and lens opacification was analyzed in each group 24 hours after the last treatment at day seven postadministration of the extracts or vehicle. The total protein concentration of lenses, glutathione reductase activity as the glutathione antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde content as a marker of lipid peroxidation were further assessed in removed rat lenses on day 30 postnatal. Results. All lenses in the healthy and control plant groups were clear. Sodium selenite significantly increased cataract grade (2.8 ± 0.2) when compared to the healthy group p = 0.001 . However, cataract grades were decreased considerably as 1.9 ± 0.72 and 1.5 ± 0.85 in groups that received 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg oral extract of A. officinalis, respectively. A. officinalis extract also restored all abnormalities of biochemical markers induced by sodium selenite. Conclusion. Our data suggest that A. officinalis could be a promising candidate as a safe alternative treatment in cataracts upon further clinical trials. This effect is probably associated with the antioxidant activity of A. officinalis.

Variability in Island Populations of the House Finch

The Auk ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M. Power
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Carpodacus Mexicanus ◽  
House Finch ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Variation Parameter ◽  
Guadalupe Island

Abstract Coefficients of variation and generalized variances are compared for nine morphological characters from five mainland and four island populations of the House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus). The purpose is to test the idea that variability is reduced in isolated populations and that there is a "population variation parameter" that determines the level of variation in most characters. Variability is greater in bill characters for Guadalupe and San Benito Islands than for mainland and other island populations. There are no consistent differences among samples in variability of wing, tail, or hind-limb characters, except for a tendency toward increased tarsus-length variability in a southern Baja California population and reduced variability in this character in San Clemente Island and Guadalupe Island populations. In bill characters, increased variability is found in the most divergent populations. The results do not support the generalization that geographic (= genetic) isolation per se causes much of a change in variability in island populations of birds, nor is there support for the idea of a pervasive quality of the gene pool that determines the level of variability in most characters.

scholarly journals Brief Educational Intervention Improves Content of Intern Handovers

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Shaughnessy ◽  
Kimberly Ginsbach ◽  
Nicole Groeschl ◽  
Dawn Bragg ◽  
Michael Weisgerber
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Patient Acuity ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Educational Workshop ◽  
Teaching Resident

Abstract Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires residency programs to ensure safe patient handovers and to document resident competency in handover communication, yet there are few evidence-based curricula teaching resident handover skills. Objective We assessed the immediate and sustained impact of a brief educational intervention on pediatrics intern handover skills. Methods Interns at a freestanding children's hospital participated in an intervention that included a 1-hour educational workshop on components of high-quality handovers, as well as implementation of a standardized handover format. The format, SAFETIPS, includes patient information, current diagnosis and assessment, patient acuity, a focused plan, a baseline exam, a to-do list, anticipatory guidance, and potential pointers and pitfalls. Important communication behaviors, such as paraphrasing key information, were addressed. Quality of intern handovers was evaluated using a simulated encounter 2 weeks before, 2 weeks after, and 7 months after the workshop. Two trained, blinded, independent observers scored the videotaped encounters. Results All 27 interns rotating at the Children's Hospital consented to participate in the study, and 20 attended the workshop. We included all participant data in the analysis, regardless of workshop attendance. Following the intervention, intern reporting of patient acuity improved from 13% to 92% (P &lt; .001), and gains were maintained 7 months later. Rates of key communication behaviors, such as paraphrasing critical information, did not improve. Conclusions A brief educational workshop promoting standardized handovers improved the inclusion of essential information during intern handovers, and these improvements were sustained over time. The intervention did not improve key communication behaviors.

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