Evaluation of self-esteem in adolescents of secondary school level

AimsTo assess the frequency of low self-esteem among adolescents of secondary school level in private schools of KarachiMethodIt was a cross-sectional descriptive study done in ten private schools of Karachi for a period of 6 months. The proposal of the study was accepted by ethical committee of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi (called Institutional Review Board or IRB).The subjects fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled after obtaining informed consent by their parents. A semi-structured Performa was used to assess students’ particulars and included Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire as a part of Performa. The data were analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Frequencies & percentages were generated for the level of self-esteem.Stratified analysis was done with a p value <0.05 taken as significant.ResultOut of the 246 students, 39.8% were of 14yrs of age, 36.2% were 15 years of age, while only 24% of adolescents were 16 years of age. Majority (64.2%) of the students were males while females were 35.8%. 70.3% of the students had normal level of self-esteem, whereas 28.9% of students had low self-esteem and only 0.8% of students had high self-esteem. Relationship of all the variables was found to be non-significant except that of educational level (p-value 0.047).ConclusionSelf-esteem was found to be normal in most of the adolescents of secondary school level but still more than 1/4th of the study participants had low self-esteem which if assessed and addressed early may save the individuals from mental health issues as well as problems at work and home life.Having a better understanding of self-esteem, can help us to identify the adolescents who have low self-esteem and are predisposed to develop mental health difficulties in future.It can lead to not only early intervention and reducing the burden of disease but also help in developing programs to help improve self-esteem in adolescents,hence increasing their overall motivation and productivity.

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Pengaruh Pendidikan Mencuci Tangan Terhadap Perilaku Cuci Tangan Enam Tahap Pada Keluarga Pasien

Edu Masda Journal ◽

10.52118/edumasda.v5i1.119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Gita Ayuningtyas ◽

Nita Ekawati ◽

Rahma Puspitasari

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Hand Washing ◽

School Level ◽

P Value ◽

Quantitative Methodology ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Secondary School Level ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Impact

Nosocomial contamination is a disease that shows up in patients while going through treatment in a clinic or other wellbeing office that doesn't exist when the patient enters. Every patient undergoing treatment at the hospital is at risk of being exposed to nosocomial infections. The patient's family can be an intermediary that can transmit the infection. Hand washing is a compelling method to break the chain of contamination. Providing handwashing education to the patient's family must be carried out by the entire community of the hospital. Increasing the patient's family's understanding of six-step washing can affect handwashing behavior. The purpose behind the examination was to decide the impact of hand washing schooling on six-venture handwashing conduct in the patient's family. The examination strategy utilized a quantitative methodology with a cross sectional plan did on 198 responden utilizing surveys and perceptions. The outcomes showed that most of respondents matured 36-45 years (41%), female sex 110 (56%), training at the secondary school level as much as 77 (39%), and experience with handwashing instruction expressed 90% of respondents had been uncovered. It tends to be closed from the chi-square test that there was a critical impact among hand washing instruction on six-venture handwashing conduct in the patient's family (p-value = 0.046).Suggestions can be given, namely nurses need to improve the provision of six-step hand washing education to the patient's family consistently and continuously.Keywords: EducationHand washingBehaviorPatient’s family ABSTRAKInfeksi nosokomial mengacu pada infeksi yang terjadi ketika pasien dirawat di rumah sakit atau fasilitas medis lain, dan infeksi ini tidak tersedia saat masuk. Setiap pasien rumah sakit berisiko terkena infeksi yang didapat di rumah sakit. Keluarga pasien dapat menjadi perantara yang dapat menyebarkan infeksi. Cuci tangan merupakan cara efektif untuk memutus rantai infeksi. Pemberian edukasi cuci tangan kepada keluarga pasien harus dilakukan oleh seluruh civitas rumah sakit. Peningkatan pemahaman keluarga pasien tentang cuci tanagn enam tahap dapat berpengaruh terhadap perilaku mencuci tangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui impak pendidikan cuci tangan terhadap konduite mencuci tangan enam tahap pada famili pasien. Metode penelitian memakai ancangan kuantitatif dengan memakai pola cross sectional yang dilakukan kepada 198 responden memakai kuesioner dan observasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan mayoritas usia responden 36-45 tahun (41%), jenis kelamin wanita 110 (56%), pendidikan pada jenjang SMA sebanyak 77 (39%), dan pengalaman terhadap edukasi cuci tangan menyatakan 90% responden pernah terpapar. Dari uji chi-square dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendidikan cuci tangan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku cuci tangan enam tahap keluarga pasien (p value = 0,046). Saran yang dapat diberikan yaitu perawat perlu meningkatkan pemberian edukasi cuci tangan enam tahap pada keluarga pasien secara konsisten dan berkesinambungan.Kata Kunci: EdukasiCuci tanganPerilakuKeluarga pasien

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Homework Emotion Management at the Secondary School Level: Antecedents and Homework Completion

Teachers College Record ◽

10.1177/016146811111300303 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 113 (3) ◽

pp. 529-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jianzhong Xu

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Secondary School ◽

Emotion Management ◽

School Level ◽

Individual Student ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Class Level ◽

Secondary School Level ◽

Homework Completion

Background/Context For many children, doing homework becomes an emotionally charged event and one of the most disappointing aspects of school life. It is surprising to note, however, that homework emotion management is noticeably absent from much contemporary homework literature. Purpose The primary propose of the present study was to propose and test empirical models of variables posited to predict homework emotion management at the secondary school level, with the models informed by (a) research and theory on emotion regulation and (b) findings from homework research that alluded to a number of factors that may influence homework emotion management. Another purpose of the present study was to examine whether homework emotion management is related to homework completion, one of the major outcome variables in the homework process. Research Design The study reported here used cross-sectional survey data. The participants were 1,895 students from 111 classes in the southeastern United States, including 1,046 eighth graders from 63 classes and 849 11th graders from 48 classes. Results Results from the multilevel analyses revealed that most of the variance in homework emotion management occurred at the student level, with grade level appearing as the only significant predictor at the class level. At the student level, the variation in homework emotion management was positively associated with teacher feedback, peer-oriented reasons for doing homework, arranging the environment, managing time, and monitoring motivation. Girls reported statistically significant higher scores in managing homework emotion than did boys. Follow-up analyses further revealed that homework emotion management was positively associated with homework completion. Conclusion As most of the variance in homework emotion management occurred at the student level rather than at the class level, homework emotion management was largely a function of individual student characteristics and experiences. The present study further suggests that monitoring motivation and managing time play a predominant role in homework emotion management (compared with other variables included in the present study). Consequently, there is a critical need to conceptualize these variables in the process of emotion regulation in general, and in homework emotion management in particular. In addition, there is a critical need for secondary schools to strategically engage students in the homework process to better manage their emotion while doing homework.

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Mental Health Problems and Self-Esteem among the Schoolchildren of Secondary School in Dharan

Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.3126/jaar.v6i1.35365 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 65-76

Author(s):

Kamala Poudel ◽

Bhuwan Kumari Dangol ◽

Roshana Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Problem ◽

Health Problem ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Health Problems ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Mental health and its related problems are growing concerns over the country. It is challenge to determine the epidemiology of childhood mental disorders. Early detection and effective intervention is necessary for holistic development of the futures citizens. Objectives: To assess the mental health problems and self-esteem of schoolchildren studying in urban Schools of Dharan Sub-metropolitan City. Materials and method: Cross-sectional descriptive research design was followed. The study population included schoolchildren studying in grade 9 and 10 in schools of Dharan (n = 450). Simple random sampling technique was used to select the school and students. Mental health problems were assessed using self-administered Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and self-esteem level was monitored using self-administered Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Majority (55.6%) of the students were male. Among the total students 12.9% had mental health problems. Gender difference was statistically significant as girls had higher (14.5%) mental health problem (p value = 0.027).Girls (15%) were statistically significant more likely to have emotional problems within domain of mental health problem than boys (p value = 0.003).) whereas boys had conduct problem. Self-esteem level was significantly negatively correlated with mental health problems (r = -0.256, p= 0.000). Conclusion: Mental health problem is high prevalent among school children. There was statistically significant negative correlation between mental health problems and self-esteem of the schoolchildren.

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Status of self-esteem in medical students of a college in Kathmandu: A descriptive cross sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.72824.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 1031

Author(s):

Bikal Shrestha ◽

Stuti Yadav ◽

Subodh Dhakal ◽

Pooja Ghimire ◽

Yubika Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Institutional Review ◽

The Status

Background: Self-esteem is vital to living a happy, confident and content life. Medical students experience various forms of stress due to academic, financial and social pressures which could affect their levels of self-esteem. This study aims to study the status of self-esteem among undergraduates of a medical college at Tribhuvan University, Nepal. Methods: After receiving the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of NAIHS; we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among the first- to fifth-year medical students from December 2020 to April 2021. 190 were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling technique. This study used the Rosenberg self-esteem scale to measure self–esteem of the participants. A Google Forms questionnaire was sent to the participants via email. Then, the data obtained were entered in the Google sheet and later analyzed using SPSS 27. A Chi-square test was used to identify potential differences in self-esteem scores among different variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study included a total of 180 participants, among which, 18.9% (13.19% to 24.61%; at 95% CI) students showed low self -esteem. 74.4% (68.02% to 80.78%; at 95% CI) students had normal self-esteem and 6.7% (3.05% to 10.35%; at 95% CI) students had high self-esteem. The mean self-esteem score was 19.19 (15.01 to 23.37; at 95% CI). Female participants suffered more than males from low self-esteem, and third-year students had the highest percentage of low self-esteem (30.77%). Conclusion: The majority (74.4%) of medical students had normal self-esteem. However, 18.9% students had low self-esteem, among which, third-year students suffered the most (30.77%). Likewise, females exhibited higher prevalence of low self-esteem compared to males. Interventions to boost the level of self-esteem should be carried out to help medical students become confident and efficient doctors.

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Assessment of Knowledge, Qualification, Experience, and Medication Dispensing Practices in South Karachi, Pakistan

Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18502/sjms.v16i2.9292 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nauman Haider Siddiqui ◽

Abdullah Dayo ◽

Mudassar Iqbal Arain ◽

Muhammad Ali Ghoto ◽

Saira Shahnaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Professional Education ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

School Level ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Secondary School Level ◽

Dispensing Practices ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: Drug stores in Pakistan are run by dispensers with varied knowledge, qualification, and experience. The current study was sought to explore the knowledge, qualification, experience, and dispensing practices among dispensers working in drugstores in South Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected from medical stores in South Karachi which were then categorized, coded, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Relationship among different study variables with pharmacist’s availability and personal experience was assessed using statistical non-parametric Chi-square test. A total of 385 samples obtained using a simple random sampling method were included in the study. However, only 210 responses on questionnaire were complete which were then selected for study analysis between October and December 2018. Results: Of the 210 surveyed drugstores, 9% of their staff had studied only till primary school, 5.7% till the eighth grade, 25.2% up to secondary school level, 26.7% till higher secondary school level, 15.7% had non-professional education, and 8.1% were professional graduate. Only 9% of them had a degree in Pharm. D or B. Pharm, while 0.5% had a post-graduation qualification. Furthermore, 44.8% of pharmacies had a valid pharmacy license but the pharmacist was physically absent in 91% of the drugstores. Majority of pharmacies did not maintain appropriate temperature (refrigerator and/or room temperature). Majority of dispensers did not review prescription particulars before dispensing medications and also dispensed medications on older prescriptions as well as without prescription. Conclusion: In conclusion, the overall knowledge and practices of dispensers working in drugstores was poor. However, the presence of pharmacist was associated with good dispensing practices to a certain extent.

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Perceptual Study of Instructor Physical Education and Students regarding the Use and Adaptation of Innovative Teaching Strategies in Physical Education at Higher Secondary School Level

Global Physical Education & Sports Sciences Review ◽

10.31703/gpessr.2018(i-i).05 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol I (I) ◽

pp. 27-31

Author(s):

Awias Arif ◽

Muhammad Asghar Khan ◽

Muhanmad iftekhar khan

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Secondary School ◽

Teaching Strategies ◽

School Level ◽

Modern Concept ◽

College Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Innovative Teaching ◽

Health And Physical Education ◽

Secondary School Level

The modern concept of physical education is of a very vast discipline and is no more confined to games and sports only. This wide scope of physical education demands very specific concentration and effective teaching planning, in order to take full advantage of the discipline, which can be passed on to students. The particular study is also a try through which researcher wants to develop the field of sports sciences and physical education. In order the researcher conduct the study under the topic "Perception of instructor physical education and students regarding the use and adaptation of innovative teaching strategies in physical education at higher secondary school level and students about the use and adaptation of innovative teaching strategies in physical education at degree college level of KP Pakistan" quantitative method as well as cross-sectional approach design was adopted for the complication and investigating the existing phenomena. All the IPEs and students at higher secondary school of KP was the population of the study. A 969 respondent was taken as sample using LR Gay method for the current study. Self-administered questionnaire was use for the data collection. Inferential statistic (t-test ) adopted to test the set hypotheses. It was concluded that IPEs and students agreed upon the use and adaptation of innovative teaching strategies with reference to health and physical education at higher secondary school level.

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Chapter 9 Discussion and Conclusions

10.31219/osf.io/cfq38 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

AISDL

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Secondary School ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Research Question ◽

Health Problems ◽

School Level ◽

Complex Field ◽

Main Research ◽

Secondary School Level

This chapter presents a reflection on the main findings of the research performed for this thesis, and the conclusions drawn from the results. The research was guided by the following main research question: How can the complex field of mental health problems among adolescents in Vietnam be understood and addressed with sustainable and accessible developments at the secondary school level?

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Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medical students in Sudan, 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-530738/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla Omer ◽

Ahd Alaaeldin Hussain Shareef ◽

Ala'a Mirghani Babiker Al-lahawi ◽

Hassan Hamed Mohammed Alhaj ◽

Khalid Mohammed Ali

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

P Value ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Burden ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging infection causing a widely spread pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The current COVID-2019 pandemic is prompting fear of falling sick, dying, helplessness and stigma so urgent and timely understanding of mental health status is needed to help the community. The aim of our study is to assess the psychological impact of COVID19 pandemic on medical students in Sudan. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional descriptive research was done among medical student in Sudan during COVID 19 pandemic in August 2020. DASS-21 scales were used to determine the level of depression, anxiety and stress among medical students through an online questionnaire, their responses were taken relatable to 21 items of DASS scale. The data was analyzed by means of SPPS version 25.0. Results: The mean (SD) age of our study participants was 21.8 (2.4) with female to male ratio of 2.1. Most of the participants were residing during the time the of the study in middle stats of Sudan (50.8%) and 83% were staying with their families. Interestingly, more than 40.5% of the study participants were free of depression while more than 13% had extremely severe depression. On the other hand, only 4.4% had extremely severe stress. However, anxiety ranked the higher numbers with 23% had extremely severe anxiety. Adjusted linear regression model revealed that lower levels in the medical school and open colleges during the lock down period were associated with more anxiety (p value 0.01,0.006 respectively), while having a family member working in the medical field is associated with less stress (p value 0.02). Conclusion : Our study provides good idea about the magnitude of the psychological burden upon medical students during the COVID- 19 pandemic and showed many factors that can inﬂuence mental health so as to emphasize the need to adopt new strategies to improve psychological services. In addition, it's important to support high-risk groups especially those with preexisting mental illness to offer advanced psychological interventions. So our study can be used to construct and formulate a psychological intervention and implement mental health strategies directed toward vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic.

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Predicting Homework Distraction at the Secondary School Level: A Multilevel Analysis

Teachers College Record ◽

10.1177/016146811011200705 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 112 (7) ◽

pp. 1937-1969

Author(s):

Jianzhong Xu

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Student Attitudes ◽

School Level ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Class Level ◽

Secondary School Level ◽

Eleventh Graders

Background Students continue to struggle with homework distraction well into the secondary school years. Recently, the concern over homework distraction has been growing, as new electronic media have offered diverse and nearly ubiquitous forms of diversion to students while they are doing homework. It is surprising to note, however, that a systematic examination of a broad spectrum of factors that contribute to homework distraction is noticeably absent from much contemporary literature. Thus, there is a critical need to examine a range of variables that may influence homework distraction and, consequently, what implications might be drawn from this line of research to help students better handle homework distraction. Purpose The aim of the present study is to propose and test empirical models of variables posited to predict homework distraction at the secondary school level, with the models informed by (a) relevant theoretical approaches (e.g., volitional control) and (b) findings from homework research that alluded to a number of factors that may influence homework distraction. Research Design The study reported here used cross-sectional survey data. Participants The participants were 1,800 students from 97 classes in the southeastern United States: 969 eighth graders from 52 classes, and 831 eleventh graders from 45 classes. Results Results from the multilevel analyses revealed that most of the variance in homework distraction occurred at the student level, with grade level as the only significant predictor at the class level. Findings further revealed that at the student level, the variation in homework distraction was influenced by gender, self-reported grades, the context of doing homework at home, and student attitudes toward homework.

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Suicide Attempters, Suicide Ideators, and Non-Ideators

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000554 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 294-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tobias Teismann ◽

Laura Paashaus ◽

Paula Siegmann ◽

Peter Nyhuis ◽

Marcus Wolter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reasons For Living ◽

Suicide Attempters

Abstract. Background: Suicide ideation is a prerequisite for suicide attempts. However, the majority of ideators will never act on their thoughts. It is therefore crucial to understand factors that differentiate those who consider suicide from those who make suicide attempts. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the role of protective factors in differentiating non-ideators, suicide ideators, and suicide attempters. Method: Inpatients without suicide ideation ( n = 32) were compared with inpatients with current suicide ideation ( n = 37) and with inpatients with current suicide ideation and a lifetime history of suicide attempts ( n = 26) regarding positive mental health, self-esteem, trust in higher guidance, social support, and reasons for living. Results: Non-ideators reported more positive mental health, social support, reasons for living, and self-esteem than suicide ideators and suicide attempters did. No group differences were found regarding trust in higher guidance. Suicide ideators and suicide attempters did not differ regarding any of the study variables. Limitations: Results stem from a cross-sectional study of suicide attempts; thus, neither directionality nor generalizability to fatal suicide attempts can be determined. Conclusion: Various protective factors are best characterized to distinguish ideators from nonsuicidal inpatients. However, the same variables seem to offer no information about the difference between ideators and attempters.

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