Adult Affective Disorder and Early Environment

Childhood precursors of symptoms of depression and anxiety were investigated in a national population sample of over 3000 men and women, aged 36 years. Early-life data had been collected prospectively for all subjects. A number of factors, differing for men and women, were found to be significant predictors of adult disorder. Some factors showed strong effects but tended to apply to relatively few individuals, while other more common circumstances had modest influences. Overall, early environment did not seem to hold great significance for adult affective disorder, although multiple disadvantages had a cumulative deleterious effect. There was little evidence of early benefits being protective.

Download Full-text

Features of depressive and anxiety manifestations in the first episode of bipolar affective disorder

Archives of psychiatry ◽

10.37822/2410-7484.2019.25.3.142-146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 142-146

Author(s):

Yu. I. Mysula

Keyword(s):

Affective Disorder ◽

Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽

First Episode ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Men And Women ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

The Mean ◽

Gender Factor ◽

The Impact ◽

Mixed Variant

Background. The study of depression and anxiety in the first episode of BAR is important for the timely detection, treatment and prevention of poor diagnosis of the disease. Objective – the study of the features of depressive and anxiety symptoms of the first episode of bipolar affective disorder, taking into account the gender factor and the clinical type. Materials and methods. We have clinically examined 65 men and 88 women diagnosed with first episode (FE) of bipolar affective disorder (BAD). Results. In patients with depressive FE of BAD, all indicators, with the exception of the undifferentiated depression indicator, in men are slightly higher than in women: the overall indicator (respectively 22.55±3.61 points and 22.16±3.03 points); adynamic depression (17.41±2.62 points and 16.76±2.48 points); pervasive depression (9.75±3.13 points and 9.69±2.66 points); depression with fear (9.34±2.55 points and 9.51±2.27 points); undifferentiated depression (4.89±0.95 points and 5.01±1.22 points); in patients with the mixed variant are not significantly different: accordingly 15,83±2,64 points and 17,00±3,32 points; 11.00±1.67 points and 11.80±1.64 points; 6.67±1.63 points and 6.60±2.07 points; 7.33±1.21 points and 8.00±1.87 points; 3.67±1.03 points and 3.40±1.14 points; in patients with a manic type there are no signs of depression. The indicators of anxiety in men and women do not differ significantly: in the depressive variant, the total indicator was accordingly 21.41±7.01 points and 23.36±7.01 points; psychic anxiety – 13.25±3.86 points and 14.35±3.87 points; somatic anxiety – 8.16±4.05 points and 9.01±4.10 points; when mixed, accordingly, 20,00±4,52 points and 22,00±4,90 points; 13.33±3.27 points and 15.20±2.39 points; 6.67±3.27 points and 6.80±3.70 points; the manic variant showed no signs of anxiety. The mean Zung score for the depressed variant was 68.82±8.30 points and 65.97±8.41 points, accordingly, for the mixed one, 44.00±5.55 points and 50.40±5.32 points, accordingly, at a manic variant 2.13±1.64 points and 2.50±1.60 points. Conclusions. Differences in manifestations of depression and anxiety in the first episode of bipolar affective disorder are determined by the clinical option; the impact of gender on these manifestations is insignificant.

Download Full-text

The Impact of COVID-19 on Adolescent Mental Health: Preliminary Findings From a Longitudinal Sample of Healthy and At-Risk Adolescents

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.622608 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Zsofia P. Cohen ◽

Kelly T. Cosgrove ◽

Danielle C. DeVille ◽

Elisabeth Akeman ◽

Manpreet K. Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Functioning ◽

Life Stress ◽

Early Life ◽

Early Life Stress ◽

Self Report ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

The Impact ◽

At Risk Adolescents

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought on far-reaching consequences for adolescents. Adolescents with early life stress (ELS) may be at particular risk. We sought to examine how COVID-19 impacted psychological functioning in a sample of healthy and ELS-exposed adolescents during the pandemic.Methods: A total of 24 adolescents (15 healthy, nine ELS) completed self-report measures prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of COVID-19 on symptoms of depression and anxiety were explored using linear mixed-effect analyses.Results: With the onset of the pandemic, healthy but not ELS-exposed adolescents evidenced increased symptoms of depression and anxiety (ps < 0.05). Coping by talking with friends and prioritizing sleep had a protective effect against anxiety for healthy adolescents (t = −3.76, p = 0.002).Conclusions: On average, this study demonstrated large increases in depression and anxiety in adolescents who were healthy prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, while ELS-exposed adolescents evidenced high but stable symptoms over time.

Download Full-text

Symptoms of depression and anxiety and 11-year all-cause mortality in men and women undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery

Journal of Psychosomatic Research ◽

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.11.017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 106-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Galit Geulayov ◽

Ilya Novikov ◽

Daniella Dankner ◽

Rachel Dankner

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Graft ◽

Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Men And Women ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

All Cause Mortality

Download Full-text

Symptoms of depression and anxiety during adult life: evidence for a decline in prevalence with age

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291798007570 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 1321-1328 ◽

Cited By ~ 128

Author(s):

A. S. HENDERSON ◽

A. F. JORM ◽

A. E. KORTEN ◽

P. JACOMB ◽

H. CHRISTENSEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

General Population ◽

Population Sample ◽

Adult Life ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Adverse Life Events ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Striking Change

Background. To test the hypothesis that the prevalence, in the general population, of symptoms of depression and anxiety declines with age.Methods. A general population sample of 2725 persons aged 18 to 79 years was administered two inventories for current symptoms of depression and anxiety, together with measures of neuroticism and of exposures that may confer increased risk of such symptoms.Results. Symptoms of depression showed a decline with age in both men and women. For anxiety, the decline was statistically significant for women but not consistently so for men. For the risk factors examined, there was a decline with age in the neuroticism score, the frequency of adverse life events, being seriously short of money and having had parents who separated or divorced. Further analysis showed that the association between age and a declining symptom score cannot be entirely attributed to these risk factors, with the single exception of neuroticism. The latter is itself likely to be contaminated by current symptoms.Conclusion. Unless these findings are due to bias in the sample of those who agreed to participate, they add to the evidence that symptoms of depression and to a lesser extent of anxiety decline in prevalence with age. Some risk factors also decline with age. It now has to be determined if these cross-sectional observations are also to be found in longitudinal data; and what process may underlie this striking change in mental health during adulthood.

Download Full-text

Descriptive Epidemiology of Affective Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900022732 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 365-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Scott B. Patten ◽

Lawrence W. Svenson ◽

Luanne M. Metz

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

General Population ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Population Sample ◽

Age Groups ◽

Older Age ◽

Insurance Plan ◽

Billing Data ◽

Men And Women

AbstractBackground: Affective disorders present an important clinical challenge in multiple sclerosis (MS). Due to prohibitive sample size requirements, population-based studies have not yet provided an adequate description of the underlying epidemiology of this association.Objective: To describe the epidemiology of affective disorders in MS in a general population sample.Methods: The study presented here accessed administrative data from a universal healthcare insurance plan in the Canadian province of Alberta. Physician billing data recorded in the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan was used to identify members of the population ≥15 years of age with and without MS. Crude and stratified estimates of the association between affective disorders and MS were made. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate statistical interactions and to provide adjusted estimates of the association.Results: The estimated prevalence of MS in the population within the targeted age range (2.3 million individuals) was 386/100,000 and that of affective disorders was 7.7%. As expected, an association between MS and affective disorders was identified (crude relative prevalence: 2.2). The association varied in strength over age-sex categories. Although the prevalence of affective disorder was higher in women with MS than men with MS, the association of MS with affective disorders was stronger in men. The strength of association declined with age in both men and women. Affective disorder prevalence in people with MS becomes similar to that of the general population in older age groups.Conclusion: Affective disorders occur with an increased frequency in MS. This is true in men and women and across all relevant age groups, although the association gets weaker with advancing age. Higher frequencies of affective disorder occur in women with MS than in men with MS. The frequency of affective disorder in people with MS is highest in the 25–44 age group, and declines in older age categories.

Download Full-text

Early Life Stress in Adolescent Migraine and the Mediational Influence of Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in a Canadian Cohort

Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain ◽

10.1111/head.13644 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (10) ◽

pp. 1687-1699 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicole G. Hammond ◽

Serena L. Orr ◽

Ian Colman

Keyword(s):

Life Stress ◽

Early Life ◽

Early Life Stress ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Symptoms Of Depression

Download Full-text

The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.141 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 141-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 282

Author(s):

Nadia Garnefski ◽

Vivian Kraaij

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Population Sample ◽

Cognitive Strategies ◽

Emotional Problems ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽

Self Blame ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Regulation Strategies

Abstract. The psychometric properties of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) as well as its prospective relationships with symptoms of depression and anxiety were studied in an adult general population sample. The results showed that the CERQ had good factorial validity and high reliabilities, with Cronbach's αs ranging between .75 and .87. In addition, the cognitive emotion regulation strategies accounted for considerable amounts of variance in emotional problems and strong relationships were found between the cognitive strategies self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing and positive reappraisal (inversely) and symptoms of depression and anxiety, both at first measurement and at follow-up. The CERQ might therefore be considered a valuable and reliable tool in the study of individual risk and protective factors associated with emotional problems, while providing us with important targets for intervention.

Download Full-text

Seasonal affective disorder and non-seasonal affective disorders: Results from the NESDA study

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.004960 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 196-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wim H. Winthorst ◽

Annelieke M. Roest ◽

Elisabeth H. Bos ◽

Ybe Meesters ◽

Brenda W.J.H. Penninx ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Affective Disorder ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Severity Of Depression ◽

Major Depressive Episodes ◽

Depressive Episodes

BackgroundSeasonal affective disorder (SAD) is considered to be a subtype of depression.AimsTo compare the clinical picture of SAD to non-seasonal affective disorders (non-SADs).MethodDiagnoses according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) were established in 2185 participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. The Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire was administered to diagnose SAD. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were measured with the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Fear Questionnaire.ResultsParticipants with SAD, participants with a lifetime bipolar disorder and participants with a lifetime comorbid anxiety and depressive disorder scored highest in terms of psychopathology in the past year. The seasonal distribution of major depressive episodes was not different for participants with or without SAD.ConclusionsSAD may be a measure of severity of depression with a subjectively perceived worsening of symptoms in the winter months.

Download Full-text