Leucocytosis: Its Relation to, and Significance in, Acute Mental Disorders

1908 ◽  
Vol 54 (227) ◽  
pp. 669-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. F. McDowall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Aspect ◽  
Extended Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
One Step ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
True Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

This paper has for its object the placing on record of a considerable number of observations made during the past eighteen months upon the blood of the insane. It was after the perusal of Dr. Lewis Bruce's work upon the clinical aspect of mental diseases that this special subject suggested itself to me as one deserving minute and extended study. Whereas Bruce deals somewhat minutely with the various constituents of theblood, I have confined my observations to the changes that occur in the number and variety of the white blood-cells, and the relationship these alterations have to the acute mental diseases in which they are found. These researches, though still in their infancy, hold out great encouragement to the belief that in such directions we may yet succeed in arriving at a true knowledge of the pathology of mental diseases, and at the same time advance at least one step in what has hitherto baffled all research-the conditions governing the mutual relations of mind and matter.

Candida albicans Shunt Infection: Report of Two Cases

Neurosurgery ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Gower ◽  
Kerry Crone ◽  
Eben Alexander ◽  
David L. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Shunt Infection ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts ◽  
Previous Therapy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Infection of cerebrospinal fluid shunts with Candida albicans is reported in two patients. Scanning electron microscopy in one case demonstrates the relationship of the Candida hyphae to the white blood cells and to silicone plastic. A review of 10 previously reported cases of Candida shunt infection indicates that the infection usually follows a major bacterial infection or direct contamination or occurs spontaneously, Previous therapy has usually involved removal of the shunt, and the role of parenteral antifungal therapy is still unclear. Overall mortality to date is 25%.

Direct freezing of whole blood enables analysis of leucocyte markers by flow cytometry: a proof-of-concept study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pénélope Bourgoin ◽  
Inès Ait Belkacem ◽  
Isabelle Arnoux ◽  
Pierre-Emmanuel Morange ◽  
Fabrice Malergue
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Step Flow ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
One Step

Aim: A new one-step flow cytometry procedure has been recently demonstrated for identifying subjects with infections, but only for fresh whole blood samples. The goal of this study was to assess its applicability on frozen samples, by proposing a new method to perform the sample freezing directly and easily. Methods: Fresh blood was tested, then frozen either directly or with dimethylsulfoxide and serum. Common markers of white blood cells as well as infection-related biomarkers were tested. Results: All percentages of leucocyte subsets and levels of infection-related biomarkers were significantly correlated between frozen and fresh samples. Conclusion: The direct freezing method enables an accurate assessment of common cellular sub-populations and of levels of important infectious biomarkers via flow cytometry.

Influence of technological stress on the immunological reactivity of piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
O.V. Kryachko ◽  
◽  
A.O. Budnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Immunological Reactivity ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technological Stress ◽  
Lenin Grad

Hematological leukocyte indexes reflect the relationship between different classes of cells of the leukocyte formula and can provide information about intoxication and the state of the immune response in sick animals. Moreover, calculated leukocyte indexes can become an alternative to complex and expen-sive studies to determine the immunogram, cytokine content, and a number of other bio-chemical parameters. In this paper, we con-sidered the nature of changes in immunologi-cal indicators in piglets under technological stress as a result of weaning and regrouping, and we used calculated leukocyte indexes. To organize the research, we selected clini cally healthy Landrace piglets (n=5) in one of the pig breeding complexes in the Lenin-grad region. The studies were conducted one day before weaning of piglets from sows, age 25 days, and two weeks after weaning at the age of 41 days. Blood was collected us-ing a standard method and examined on a hematological analyzer to determine the morphological composition of white blood cells. The calculation of leukocyte indices was performed using formulas that charac-terize the ratio of the content of various forms of white blood cells, and in some cas-es, the rate of precipitation of red blood cells. The functional changes observed by the piglets 'immune system as a result of regrouping stress confirm the negative im-pact of the technological process on the ani-mals' immunity and provide a prerequisite for studying the ways and mechanisms of increasing their protective forces at this stage of the technological cycle. Analysis of integral leukocyte indexes showed an imbal-ance of specific (adaptive) and non-specific (innate) components of immunity in the dy-namics of changes in immunocompetent blood cells against the background of stress.

scholarly journals See with Your Eyes, Hear with Your Ears and Listen to Your Heart: Moving from Dyadic Teamwork Interaction towards a More Effective Team Cohesion and Collaboration in Long-Term Spaceflights under Stressful Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Aggeliki Vlachostergiou ◽  
Andre Harisson ◽  
Peter Khooshabeh
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interactional Context ◽  
One Step ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific study of teamwork in the context of long-term spaceflight has uncovered a considerable amount of knowledge over the past 20 years. Although much is known about the underlying factors and processes of teamwork, much is left to be discovered for teams who operate in extreme isolation conditions during spaceflights. Thus, special considerations must be made to enhance teamwork and team well-being for long-term missions during which the team will live and work together. Being affected by both mental and physical stress during interactional context conversations might have a direct or indirect impact on team members’ speech acoustics, facial expressions, lexical choices and their physiological responses. The purpose of this article is (a) to illustrate the relationship between the modalities of vocal-acoustic, language and physiological cues during stressful teammate conversations, (b) to delineate promising research paths to help further our insights into understanding the underlying mechanisms of high team cohesion during spaceflights, (c) to build upon our preliminary experimental results that were recently published, using a dyadic team corpus during the demanding operational task of “diffusing a bomb” and (d) to outline a list of parameters that should be considered and examined that would be useful in spaceflights for team-effectiveness research in similarly stressful conditions. Under this view, it is expected to take us one step towards building an extremely non-intrusive and relatively inexpensive set of measures deployed in ground analogs to assess complex and dynamic behavior of individuals.

scholarly journals At the Margins of the World: The Nature of Limits in Terrence Malick’s "The Thin Red Line"

Text Matters ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Human Existence ◽  
Thin Red Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Introductory Essay ◽  
The World ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Red Line ◽  
War Film

Terrence Malick’s The Thin Red Line (1998) is an anti-war film which can be read as an Orphic narrative meditating on the relationship between humans and “nature.” Many scholarly readings of the film have been attracted by analyzes that explore the influences of Cavell and Heidegger on Malick (Critchley, Furstenau and MacCavoy, Sinnerbrink). Kaja Silverman’s recent opus, Flesh of My Flesh (2009), contains a chapter titled “All Things Shining.” She elegantly examines how Malick’s film explores the theme of “finitude.” She argues that, ontologically speaking, human existence gains a more intense “glow” when humans are made aware of their mortality. The present becomes paramount. But like Orpheus, the present seeks to make amends with the past. Taking Silverman’s analysis one step further involves exploring finitude through the film’s many animal, arboreal and geological images. Nature can be read as a “margin” that more fully enhances the film’s exploration of connection and finitude. To this end, the opening chapter of Jacques Derrida’s Margins of Philosophy (1986) is invaluable. Entitled “Tympan,” Derrida’s introductory essay introduces a wealth of ecological metaphors. These stimulate an interaction between Silverman’s model of finitude, Derrida’s surprising ecologies at the margin and Malick’s quest for what shines in all beings.

One-Step Microfluidic Purification of White Blood Cells from Whole Blood for Immunophenotyping

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (20) ◽  
pp. 13230-13236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeongyeon Kim ◽  
Kyung Hwan Kim ◽  
Yunjung Chang ◽  
Suyeon Shin ◽  
Eui-Cheol Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
One Step

Dictators and Rebellious Civilians

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-851
Author(s):  
András Bozóki
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clear Link ◽  
One Step ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Relationship

Thanks to research conducted in the past few years, our understanding has been significantly expanded concerning democracy and authoritarian regimes, as well as the means of both destroying and rebuilding democratic institutions. While there is a clear link between a developed economy and democracy, the relationship is not self-evident in all cases. Also, economic growth is not conducive to the development of democracy under all circumstances, especially when the distribution of wealth is not considered fair by all citizens. In and of itself an election, even a competitive one—long considered a democratic minimum—does not guarantee the survival of a democracy, as strongmen have learned how to run an authoritarian system behind an electoral veil. The majority of autocratic leaders use the concept of democracy as a screen for building a political regime antithetical to the spirit and practice of a real democracy. Autocrats adopt a number of democratic institutions only to subvert their original purposes. While they pose as democrats, instead of a liberal democracy they initially organize a majoritarian democracy, followed by an illiberal democracy that ignores human rights. This is but one step away from an autocratic turning point, the rejection of all democratic principles. “Potemkin democracies” may even hold (limited) open elections organized so that the outcome will not threaten the foundations of the existing regime.

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