scholarly journals Anxiety disorders and accelerated cellular ageing

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josine E. Verhoeven ◽  
Dóra Révész ◽  
Patricia van Oppen ◽  
Elissa S. Epel ◽  
Owen M. Wolkowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Cellular Ageing

BackgroundAnxiety disorders increase the risk of onset of several ageing-related somatic conditions, which might be the consequence of accelerated cellular ageing.AimsTo examine the association between anxiety status and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) as an indicator of cellular ageing.MethodData are from individuals with current (n = 1283) and remitted (n = 459) anxiety disorder, and controls (n = 582) with no psychiatric disorder from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. We determined DSM-IV anxiety diagnoses and clinical characteristics by structured psychiatric interviews and self-report questionnaires; LTL was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and converted into base pairs (bp).ResultsPatients in the current anxiety group (bp = 5431) had significantly shorter LTL compared with the control group (bp = 5506, P = 0.01) and the remitted anxiety group (bp = 5499, P = 0.03) in analyses adjusted for sociodemographics, health and lifestyle. The remitted anxiety group did not differ from the control group (P = 0.84), however, time since remission was positively related with LTL. Furthermore, anxiety severity scores were associated with LTL in the whole sample, in line with a dose–response association.ConclusionsPatients with current – but not remitted – anxiety disorder had shorter telomere length, suggesting a process of accelerated cellular ageing, which in part may be reversible after remission.

scholarly journals Telomere length and epigenetic age acceleration in adolescents with anxiety disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica Cerveira de Baumont ◽  
Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann ◽  
Andressa Bortoluzzi ◽  
Gabriel R. Fries ◽  
Patrícia Lavandoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Epigenetic Age ◽  
Epigenetic Age Acceleration ◽  
Variable Group ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvidence on the relationship between genetics and mental health are flourishing. However, few studies are evaluating early biomarkers that might link genes, environment, and psychopathology. We aimed to study telomere length (TL) and epigenetic age acceleration (AA) in a cohort of adolescents with and without anxiety disorders (N = 234). We evaluated a representative subsample of participants at baseline and after 5 years (n = 76) and categorized them according to their anxiety disorder diagnosis at both time points: (1) control group (no anxiety disorder, n = 18), (2) variable group (anxiety disorder in one evaluation, n = 38), and (3) persistent group (anxiety disorder at both time points, n = 20). We assessed relative mean TL by real-time quantitative PCR and DNA methylation by Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. We calculated AA using the Horvath age estimation algorithm and analyzed differences among groups using generalized linear mixed models. The persistent group of anxiety disorder did not change TL over time (p = 0.495). The variable group had higher baseline TL (p = 0.003) but no accelerated TL erosion in comparison to the non-anxiety control group (p = 0.053). Furthermore, there were no differences in AA among groups over time. Our findings suggest that adolescents with chronic anxiety did not change telomere length over time, which could be related to a delay in neuronal development in this period of life.

Rates of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in a Residential Mother–Infant Unit for Unsettled Infants

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 836-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Phillips ◽  
Louise Sharpe ◽  
Stephen Matthey
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Current ◽  
Infant Behaviour

Objective: Depression and anxiety are known to be common among women presenting to residential mother–infant programmes for unsettled infant behaviour but most studies have used self-report measures of psychological symptomatology rather than diagnostic interviews to determine psychiatric diagnoses. The aim of the present study was to determine rates of depressive and anxiety disorders and rates of comorbidity among clients of the Karitane residential mother–infant programme for unsettled infant behaviour. Method: One hundred and sixty women with infants aged 2 weeks–12 months completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and were interviewed for current and lifetime history of depressive and anxiety disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV diagnosis (Research version). Results: A total of 25.1% of the sample met criteria for a current diagnosis of major depression, 31.7% had met criteria for major depression since the start of the pregnancy, and 30.5% of clients met criteria for a current anxiety disorder. Of note were the 21.6% who met criteria for generalized anxiety disorder or anxiety disorder not otherwise specified (worry confined to the topics of the baby or being a mother). High levels of comorbidity were confirmed in the finding that 60.8% of those with an anxiety disorder had experienced major or minor depression since the start of their pregnancy and 46.3% of those who had experienced depression since the start of their pregnancy also met criteria for a current anxiety disorder. Conclusions: There are high levels of psychiatric morbidity among clients attending residential mother–infant units for unsettled infant behaviour, highlighting the importance of providing multifaceted interventions in order to address both infant and maternal psychological issues.

Utility of Telomere in Diagnosis of Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4793-4793
Author(s):  
Hasan Ahmed Abdel-ghaffar ◽  
Hosam Zaghloul ◽  
Ahmed El-Waseef ◽  
Mohamed El-Naggar ◽  
Mohamed Mabed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Relative Telomere Length ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and aim of the work: Bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) includes inherited and acquired conditions. Inherited bone marrow failure includes a number of syndromes; with Fanconi anemia (FA) being the most common one of them. Telomeres are eroded with cell division, but in hematopoietic stem cell, maintenance of their length is mediated by telomerase. Short telomeres can result in instability of cell function where diseases occur. Bone Marrow Failure might be developed due to low telomerase activity or short telomeres. Our study is aiming to evaluate the utility of Real Time Quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) in measuring the relative telomere length and its significance in diagnosis and prognosis of patients with BMFS. Materials and methods: The study includes 3 groups: A group of congenital BMF (29 patients), a group of acquired BMF (10 patients) and a third control group (15 cases). The relative telomere length is evaluated for them using RT-qPCR. Results: We have found that there is a significant difference in relative telomere length between congenital group and controls (p=0.001), also a significant difference between acquired group and controls (p= 0.029). However, there is no significant difference between congenital and acquired groups (p= 0.479). There is no significant correlation between the telomere length and the overall survival or prognosis of the patients of BMFS. Conclusion: We conclude that the telomere length is significantly altered in patients with BMFS whether being congenital or acquired compared to the control group. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Prolonged rooming-in in infancy is associated with generalized anxiety disorder in the adolescent period

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazan Kaymaz ◽  
Emel Sarı Gökten ◽  
Mehmet Erdem Uzun ◽  
Şule Yıldırım ◽  
Mustafa Tekin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Bed Sharing ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Long Time

Abstract Objective: This study aims to investigate whether anxiety disorders in adolescents have a link with the separation time of bed/bedroom sharing with parents. It also aims to raise awareness in society about the issue of minimizing anxiety disorders in childhood. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Şevket Yılmaz Training and Research Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014. The participants included 51 adolescents who were diagnosed as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) with no-comorbidity and 71 healthy adolescents as the control group, who were chosen randomly. Diagnosis of GAD was based on the criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed) by child and adolescent psychiatry doctors. The Turkish version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used for the control group. A special survey about demographics and bed-sharing statements was constructed for the purpose of the study. The groups were analyzed in terms of duration of co-sleeping (bed-sharing) and rooming-in (keeping the mother and the baby in same room) with parents during infancy and the development of anxiety disorders in later period. Results: Mean duration of rooming-in was significantly longer in the case group than in the control group (p=0.009). Similarly, mean duration of co-sleeping in the case group was longer than that of the control group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.529). Conclusion: Sleeping in the same room with children for a long time may result in anxiety disorders in later period due to possible difficulties in bonding and/or less self-confidence.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Clinical Global Impression Scale among individuals with social anxiety disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. ZAIDER ◽  
R. G. HEIMBERG ◽  
D. M. FRESCO ◽  
F. R. SCHNEIER ◽  
M. R. LIEBOWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Global Impression ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Global Impression Scale ◽  
Additional Variance

Background. The clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) is commonly used as a primary outcome measure in studies evaluating the efficacy of treatments for anxiety disorders. The current study evaluated the psychometric properties and predictors of clinicians' ratings on an adapted version of the CGI among individuals with social anxiety disorders.Method. An independent assessor administered the CGI Severity of Illness and Improvement ratings to 123 patients at baseline and the subset of treated patients again mid- and post-treatment.Results. Improvement ratings were strongly related to both concurrent Severity of Illness and changes in Severity of Illness ratings from baseline. Additionally, both CGI ratings were positively correlated with both self-report and clinician-administered measures of social anxiety, depression, impairment and quality of life. Measures of social anxiety symptoms accounted for a large portion of the variance in Severity of Illness ratings, with significant additional variance accounted for by measures of impairment and depression. Changes in social anxiety symptoms from baseline accounted for significant variance in Improvement ratings, but no significant additional variance was accounted for by changes in impairment and depressive symptoms.Conclusions. Our findings support the utility of the CGI as an index of global severity and symptom-specific improvement among individuals with social anxiety disorder.

Ghrelin and leptin levels in children with anxiety disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1043-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Ozmen ◽  
Asilay Şeker ◽  
Esra Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Important Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Serum Ghrelin

Abstract Background Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric disorders in childhood and an important health problem that is associated with the risk of serious mental, educational and economical problems. Researchers have mentioned many different mechanisms in the etiopathology of anxiety disorders. This study aimed to investigate ghrelin and leptin levels in children with anxiety disorders and thus to contribute to the clarification of anxiety in children. Methods Forty-three children aged 6–12 years with a diagnosis of the Anxiety Disorder according to DSM 5 and 21 healthy children age- and gender-matched to the study group were included. All the subjects were assessed with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C) scale. Blood samples were obtained in the morning and serum ghrelin and leptin levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results In the anxiety group the ghrelin levels were higher than the control group (p = 0.037) but there was no significant difference between the leptin levels (p = 0.430). Also, when the girls in the anxiety group and the girls in the control group were compared, ghrelin levels were higher in the anxiety group (p < 0.01). Conclusions These findings suggest that ghrelin may play a significant role in the etiologic mechanisms of anxiety disorders. However, more detailed studies are needed to explain the linkage between anxiety disorders and neuropeptides.

Differences in Suicide Risk Severity Among Suicidal Youth With Anxiety Disorders

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Herres ◽  
Annie Shearer ◽  
Tamar Kodish ◽  
Barunie Kim ◽  
Shirley B. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive

Abstract. Background: Adolescent suicidality is a growing public health concern. Although evidence supports a link between anxiety and suicidality, little is known about risk associated with specific anxiety disorders. Aims: This study examined the prevalence of anxiety disorders in a sample of adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation and the associations between specific anxiety disorders and suicide ideation severity and attempt history. Method: The sample consisted of 115 adolescents ( Mage= 14.96 years; 55.8% African American) entering a clinical trial for suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. Prior to treatment, adolescents completed self-report and interview measures. Results: In all, 48% of the sample met criteria for an anxiety disorder, 22% met criteria for social anxiety disorder (SAD), and 40% met criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD). SAD was uniquely associated with more severe suicidal ideation. Limitations: Findings may not generalize to all suicidal adolescents, and non-measured variables may account for the observed relationships. Conclusion: Future research should examine whether targeting social anxiety would improve treatment response for suicidal adolescents.

Decreased leukocyte telomere length in male patients with chronic bipolar disorder: lack of effect of long-term lithium-treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Ewa Ferensztajn-Rochowiak ◽  
Ewa Kurczewska ◽  
Błażej Rubiś ◽  
Michalina Lulkiewicz ◽  
Hanna Hołysz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Abstract Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) may be connected with accelerated aging, the marker of this can be shorter telomere length (TL). Some data suggest that lithium may exert a protective effect against telomere shortening. The study aimed to compare the telomere length between patients with bipolar disorder and control subjects. The effect of long-term lithium treatment was also assessed. Methods: The study group comprised 41 patients with BD, including 29 patients treated longitudinally with lithium (mean 16.5 years) and 20 healthy people. Telomere length was assessed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: In the control group, the TL was significantly longer in males than in females. Male bipolar patients had significantly shorter TL compared with the control male group. In bipolar patients, there was no correlation between TL and duration of treatment. The TL was negatively correlated with age in male bipolar patients. Conclusion: The study did not confirm the lithium effect on TL in bipolar patients. TL showed gender differences, being shorter in BD males, compared to control males, and longer in healthy males, compared to control females.

Abstract 167: Predictors of Anxiety Disorder Episodes and Device Related Distress in the First Five Years following Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Placement

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Magyar-Russell ◽  
Christopher H Morrell ◽  
Gordon F Tomaselli
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I

Trait anxiety is a dispositional factor that predisposes individuals to respond to perceived threats with more frequent and intense elevations in emotional states associated with arousal of the autonomic nervous system, which is thought to lead to the development of anxiety disorders. Trait anxiety has demonstrated promise in the empirical literature as a potential predictor of long term outcomes in ICD recipients. The present study adds novel information to this body of literature by studying the relation of trait anxiety to clinical diagnoses of anxiety disorders based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID). Two hundred and seven recipients of ICDs within the past five years were evaluated using the SCID to establish past and current anxiety disorder diagnoses. Self-report questionnaires were administered to assess device-related appraisals and functional impairment. Participants were 70% (n=144/207) male, 63% (n=130/207) married and 29% currently working (60/207) with a mean age of 63.0 (±12.3) years. Ninety-seven (47%) shocked and 110 (53%) non-shocked ICD recipients were interviewed. ICD recipients high in trait anxiety (n = 59/207, 29%) had significantly higher rates of current episodes of obsessive compulsive disorder (χ 2 = 9.05; p<.01), and anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition (GMC; χ 2 = 6.38; p<.05) during the first five years post ICD implant in comparison to those low in trait anxiety (n=147/207, 71%). Additionally, ICD recipients high in trait anxiety had significantly higher rates of a history of episodes of anxiety disorder due to GMC (χ 2 = 9.05; p<.001). ICD recipients high in trait anxiety (n = 59, 29%) reported greater device-related distress ( t = 5.65;p<.001), greater body image concerns ( t =2.39;p<.01), and greater fear of shock ( t = -3.98;p<.001), as well as fewer positive perceptions of their ICD ( t = 2.39; p<.05). Moreover, ICD recipients high in trait anxiety reported greater functional limitations ( t = 5.69; p<.001), and greater perceptions of disability in work, social, and family life ( t = -4.09; p<.001). Women (n=63/207; 30%) reported greater mean levels of trait anxiety ( t = -2.10; p<.05) and fear of shock ( t = -2.41; p<.05) in comparison to men. Individuals who met criteria for current panic disorder ( t = 2.86; p<.01), agoraphobia ( t = 4.78; p<.001), social phobia ( t = 3.04; p<.05), posttraumatic stress disorder ( t = 3.82; p<.01), and anxiety due to GMC ( t = 3.94; p<.001) were significantly younger than those without these diagnoses. The results from the current study suggest that assessment of trait anxiety may help clinicians identify individuals at risk for poor adjustment following ICD placement, even before implantation. Early identification of risk for maladjustment via pre-implant predictors might allow ICD recipients to enjoy the full benefits associated with these devices - longer and better quality of life.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis of Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in the Treatment of Child and Young Person Anxiety Disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Ewing ◽  
Jeremy J. Monsen ◽  
Ellen J. Thompson ◽  
Sam Cartwright-Hatton ◽  
Andy Field
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Young People ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Background: Previous meta-analyses of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for children and young people with anxiety disorders have not considered the efficacy of transdiagnostic CBT for the remission of childhood anxiety. Aim: To provide a meta-analysis on the efficacy of transdiagnostic CBT for children and young people with anxiety disorders. Methods: The analysis included randomized controlled trials using transdiagnostic CBT for children and young people formally diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. An electronic search was conducted using the following databases: ASSIA, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Current Controlled Trials, Medline, PsycArticles, PsychInfo, and Web of Knowledge. The search terms included “anxiety disorder(s)”, “anxi*”, “cognitive behavio*, “CBT”, “child*”, “children”, “paediatric”, “adolescent(s)”, “adolescence”, “youth” and “young pe*”. The studies identified from this search were screened against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 20 studies were identified as appropriate for inclusion in the current meta-analysis. Pre- and posttreatment (or control period) data were used for analysis. Results: Findings indicated significantly greater odds of anxiety remission from pre- to posttreatment for those engaged in the transdiagnostic CBT intervention compared with those in the control group, with children in the treatment condition 9.15 times more likely to recover from their anxiety diagnosis than children in the control group. Risk of bias was not correlated with study effect sizes. Conclusions: Transdiagnostic CBT seems effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety in children and young people. Further research is required to investigate the efficacy of CBT for children under the age of 6.

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