scholarly journals Service innovation: the first year of lifestyle clinics for psychiatric out-patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Hamilton ◽  
Mark Harrison ◽  
Simon Naji ◽  
Carol Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
First Year ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Physical Health Screening

Aims and MethodWe sought to develop and introduce annual physical health checks and offer lifestyle advice for out-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in two semi-rural areas in the north-east of Scotland. the results for the first year of the clinics are presented.ResultsSeventy-eight patients were invited to the clinics in the first year. Attendance rates varied from 76% in one centre to 38% in the other; 75 individual significant physical health problems were identified and highlighted to the patient and their general practitioner.Clinical ImplicationsThe high attendance rate in one half of the catchment area demonstrates the potential for physical health screening for this vulnerable group of patients. the identification of significant levels of previously undiagnosed physical morbidity offers opportunity for intervention. Several innovative lifestyle interventions arose from the project and have been maintained.

‘Out of pocket’ costs to stroke patients during the first year after stroke – results from the North East Melbourne Stroke Incidence Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M Dewey ◽  
Amanda G Thrift ◽  
Cathy Mihalopoulos ◽  
Rob Carter ◽  
Richard A.L Macdonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Quality of Elementary Education in India’s Rural Areas: Results from Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2014

Social Change ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-559
Author(s):  
Sangram Charan Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Two Factors

The quality of elementary education plays a critical role in an individual’s growth. Thus it has the capacity to develop a nation’s human resources. This study has examined the capabilities of young students who enrolled at the elementary level in schools located in India’s rural areas and their proficiency in different subjects, specifically their own regional language, mathematics and their knowledge of English. In order to measure the performances of students enrolled in Classes 1–VIII, the study used the principal component analysis (PCA) on original, 12 correlated variables. A standardised regression score of two factors, generated from PCA, was used to measure the status of education at the elementary level for different states. By considering the total score of two factors, using the PCA, it was found that most of the states in the southern parts of the country, that is, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, and the North-East region, that is, Assam, Mizoram, Tripura, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh, exhibited better academic performances as compared to other states.

Population Geography and Settlement Studies

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
R. I. Lawless
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Interregional Migration ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration ◽  
Settlement Studies

Oil wealth has transformed Libya, a desertic and sparsely populated country, bringing dramatic demographic changes (Zoghlami 1979). El Mehdawi and Clarke (1982) and Lawless and Kezeiri (1983) describe and analyse the growing polarisation of the population in the north-west and north-east coastal regions which contain the two largest cities, Tripoli and Benghazi. They show that in recent years spatial duality has been sharply intensified by strong rural to urban migration and also by an increase in interregional migration. The concentration of new development programmes in certain urban centres has been the main cause of the development differential among the regions. As a result the regions which include the most important urban centres have become the most prosperous and the others have become less developed or even depressed. This has been the main cause of the rapid increase in both rural to urban migration and interregional migration. The inhabitants of the less developed regions have continued to move in increasing numbers to those which are more developed. The large majority of migrants who moved from these less developed regions are represented by rural people who have changed their place of residence and their occupation. They have left their work in the rural sector to seek employment in the industrial and service sector. As a result agricultural production has declined. The agrarian sector now employs less than a quarter of the Libyan workforce and the percentage of nomads and semi-nomads has declined to under 10% of the population. Albergani and Vignet-Zunz (1982) have shown that colonial invasion and occupation followed by the Second World War threatened the Bedouin of the Jebel Akhdar with extinction, not through sedentarisation but through the mass migration of a devastated rural population. The advent of oil and the high salary levels available in urban centres further encouraged this tendency. Gannous (1979) studied the movement of Bedouin from rural areas to the town of Al Abiyar and the erosion of Bedouin culture by urban values.

scholarly journals Cesarean delivery in Nigeria: prevalence and associated factors―a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O Adewuyi ◽  
Asa Auta ◽  
Vishnu Khanal ◽  
Samson J Tapshak ◽  
Yun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and factors associated with caesarean delivery in Nigeria.DesignThis is a secondary analysis of the nationally representative 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data. We carried out frequency tabulation, χ2test, simple logistic regression and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses to achieve the study objective.SettingNigeria.ParticipantsA total of 31 171 most recent live deliveries for women aged 15–49 years (mother–child pair) in the 5 years preceding the 2013 NDHS was included in this study.Outcome measureCaesarean mode of delivery.ResultsThe prevalence of caesarean section (CS) was 2.1% (95% CI 1.8 to 2.3) in Nigeria. At the region level, the South-West had the highest prevalence of 4.7%. Factors associated with increased odds of CS were urban residence (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.51, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.97), maternal age ≥35 years (AOR: 2.12, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.11), large birth size (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.74) and multiple births (AOR: 4.96, 95% CI 2.84 to 8.62). Greater odds of CS were equally associated with maternal obesity (AOR: 3.16, 95% CI 2.30 to 4.32), Christianity (AOR: 2.06, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.68), birth order of one (AOR: 3.86, 95% CI 2.66 to 5.56), husband’s secondary/higher education level (AOR: 2.07, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.33), health insurance coverage (AOR: 2.01, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.95) and ≥4 antenatal visits (AOR: 2.84, 95% CI 1.56 to 5.17).ConclusionsThe prevalence of CS was low, indicating unmet needs in the use of caesarean delivery in Nigeria. Rural–urban, regional and socioeconomic differences were observed, suggesting inequitable access to the obstetric surgery. Intervention efforts need to prioritise women living in rural areas, the North-East and the North-West regions, as well as women of the Islamic faith.

scholarly journals Field validity and spatial accuracy of Food Standards Agency Food Hygiene Rating scheme data for England

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Kirkman ◽  
Bruce Hollingsworth ◽  
Amelia Lake ◽  
Stephanie Hinke ◽  
Stewart Sorrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Spatial Accuracy ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Food Standards

Abstract Background The study aimed to evaluate the validity and spatial accuracy of the Food Standards Agency Food Hygiene Rating online data through a field audit. Methods A field audit was conducted in five Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) in the North East of England. LSOAs were purposively selected from the top and bottom quintiles of the Index of Multiple Deprivation and from urban and rural areas. The FHRS data validity against the field data was measured as Positive Predictive Values (PPV) and sensitivity. Spatial accuracy was evaluated via mean difference in straight line distances between the FHRS coordinates and the field coordinates. Results In all, 182 premises were present in the field, of which 162 were in the FHRS data giving a sensitivity of 89%. Eight outlets recorded in the FHRS data were absent in the field, giving a PPV of 95%.The mean difference in the geographical coordinates of the field audit compared to the FHRS was 110 m, and <100 m for 77% of outlets. Conclusions After an evaluation of the validity and spatial accuracy of the FHRS data, the results suggest that it is a useful dataset for surveillance of the food environment and for intervention evaluation.

Part II. The Grave Circle

1954 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 244-247
Author(s):  
A. J. B. Wace ◽  
F. H. Stubbings
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
East Side ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
South Side ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Made In

In 1950 and 1952, in view of recent discussions about the date of the Grave Circle, we decided to make some fresh soundings in its supporting wall to see if any fresh evidence could be obtained. In the first year the work was confined to soundings in the battered supporting wall on the south side opposite the north-east corner of the House of the Warrior Vase, and was undertaken by Mr. Kenneth Rowe. In 1952 further soundings were made in the battered supporting wall, the wall at its base on the west was further examined, and a sectional cut was made across the double ring of standing slabs on the north-east side about midway between the entrance and the then surviving cover slabs. The work was then directed by Dr. F. H. Stubbings.At the time of Schliemann's excavations the western part of the double ring of vertical poros slabs of the Grave Circle, which rests on the battered supporting wall, was in a very ruinous condition. This can be seen clearly in Schliemann's illustration and in the photographs published later. After the close of Schliemann's and Stamatakes' excavations the supporting wall was restored both on the west and on the south, and the western half of the double ring of standing slabs was reconstructed. When Keramopoullos excavated the fallen rock in the centre of the circle the Greek Archaeological Service undertook some further work of conservation.

scholarly journals Subnational estimates of maternal mortality in Nigeria: Analysis of female siblings’ survivorship histories. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Oluwatosin Babajide ◽  
Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi ◽  
Olusola Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
The South ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West

Abstract BACKGROUND High Maternal Mortality (MM) in Nigeria is further complicated by the lack of reliable estimates for subnational levels such as states and geopolitical regions. Disaggregating maternal mortality estimates by subnational levels is crucial to ensuring policy decisions and program implementation are adapted to areas with a high burden of mortality. This study involves a novel adaptation of small area estimation techniques to derive plausible estimates of levels and trends in Maternal Mortality rates and ratios for states and geopolitical regions in Nigeria. METHODS. Survivorship history data of 293,769 female siblings were provided by 114,154 women in the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys of 2008, 2013 and 2018. MM Rates and Ratios were estimated using the Empirical Bayesian technique for small area demographic estimates. The James-Stein estimator was used to shrink the estimates closer to the population mean values with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). RESULTS Levels of MMRatio were highest in the rural areas, States and regions in Northern Nigeria. MMRatio was consistently lower in the South West (2008=281; 2013=367; 2018=392) and higher among the Northern regions of the country, particularly the North-East (2008=654; 2013=612; 2018=901) for three consecutive surveys. Over the three surveys, mortality trends declined about 18% in the North West and 54.2% in the South East region. However, there was a 4.8% increase in MMRatio for South West between 2008 to 2018. CONCLUSIONS Nigeria has geopolitical and sub-national disparities that pose a burden to the country’s maternal health. Since several states in the Northern geopolitical zone still show high maternal mortality, targeted intervention at state levels should be explored to ensure that mothers who need help get it to ensure the sustainable development goals are met.

scholarly journals The structure of the seed herbage of the pannonian clover (Trifolium pannonicum Jacq.) variety Snezhok in the conditions of the Kirov region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359
Author(s):  
E. V. Popova ◽  
E. G. Arzamasova ◽  
I. V. Shihova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Number Of Stems

The article presents the results of 2016-2020 study of the characteristics of growth and development of the pannonian clover variety Snezhok, bred at the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky, while using the herbage for seeds. Uneven-aged herbage was assessed in the breeding nursery of 2016 sowing according to the characteristics of winter hardiness, the duration of individual interphase periods of development, plant height, structure of seed herbage, fruiting and seed yield. The overwintering of plants in all the years of research was high ‒ 100%. With an increase in the age of the stand, the prefloral (from growing to the beginning of flowering) and growing seasons from 47 to 72 and from 92 to 125-130 days (days) were lengthened. The height of plants in the phase of maturation of heads and seeds with the age of the stand also increased from 66.6 (1 year of use (y.u.)) to 97.1 cm (4 y.u.), the tendency of herbage to lodging increased from 0 (1 y.u.) to 30.9% (4 y.u.). In the first year of seed use (the 2 nd year of life (y.l.)), the minimum values of such structural indicators as the number of stems and heads per 1 m2 (245 and 151 pcs.), The content of generative stems in the total amount (42.8%), weight of seeds per 1 m2 (15.3 g). Starting from the 2 nd y.u. the listed structure indicators significantly increased and herbage stands were formed annually for three years, allowing them to be classified as highly productive: with the stem density of 366-405 pcs / m2 and a share of generative ones in them - 59.0-84.2 %, the number of heads - 350 -500 pcs / m2 , seed weight - 31.5-46.1 g / m2 . The level of seed productivity of pannonian clover depended to a greater extent on the age of the stand than on weather conditions during the period from regrowth to seed ripening. It was revealed that the biological (potential) seed yield in favorable years with sufficient technical support can reach 4.33 c/ha, while the actual (economic) average over the years of research was 0.54 c/ha, with changes from 0.20 (2017) up to 0.74 c/ha (2020).

scholarly journals New Assessment of Development Status among the People Living in Rural Areas: an Alternative Approach for Rural Vitality

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-192
Author(s):  
Costică Mihai ◽  
Simona-Roxana Ulman ◽  
Mihaela David
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Status ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

In the process of development, the rural areas meet a wide range of economic, environmental and social challenges. This study theoretically discusses the concept of rural development and attempts to evaluate the development status among the people living in rural areas. In this scope, we propose the personal rural development index (PRDI), which is composed to, on one hand, an individual dimension and, on the other hand, a community one, related to different aspects of rural vitality. In this regard, three socio-economic components, namely economy, education – including a sub-dimension regarding culture, and health – with an environment sub-dimension were considered. These dimensions are influenced by the rural activities, especially the agricultural ones, that generates, nearby the economic results, as main objective for the individual or economic agent, also a set of economic, social or environmental externalities, from the category of public goods and of which both the stable and transitional residents of the area benefit. So, the complexity of the personal rural development index is high, aiming to put into light both individual and public components. The data used was obtained through a survey applied in seven rural communities from the North-East Region of Romania.

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