Quantifying Directional Dependencies from Infrastructure Restoration Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad R. Zorn ◽  
Asaad Y. Shamseldin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Dependency Index ◽  
Insight Into

Lifeline utilities and critical infrastructures are becoming increasingly interactive and dependent on one another for normal operation. With a natural disaster or disruptive event, these dependencies can be studied under stressed conditions. To replicate events and inform future simulations, such dependencies can be quantified in both magnitude and direction. This paper builds on recent efforts by proposing a new dependency index methodology that gives importance to the direction of dependency between coupled infrastructures and equally weighting the multiple dependencies that may be realized across a variety of lag times. The effectiveness of this methodology is presented as a case study for the 22 February 2011 earthquake experienced in Christchurch, New Zealand. Dependencies are quantified for a range of critical infrastructure couplings, which provide insight into the future application of these results and the requirement for integration with qualitative studies to accurately inform interdependency models.

A case study of children’s lived experience and meaning of a natural disaster

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Tami Maes Fragedakis, PhD ◽  
Carmen Vincent Russoniello, PhD ◽  
Sharon Knight, PhD ◽  
Susan McGhee, PhD ◽  
Richard Williams, EdD
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Recreational Therapy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Insight Into

The purpose of this study was to document how children described their experiences of an unanticipated natural disaster in the form of a flood which followed a hurricane, focusing on strategies that helped them cope with the event. Four participants engaged in a qualitative study, which was conducted 6 years after the disaster. A qualitative analysis of the data was conducted. The overarching theme that emerged from the analysis was coping with the experience during the following time frames: (a) during the disaster, (b) immediately after the disaster, and (c) continued long-term effects post-disaster. Findings provide insight into children’s post-disaster experiences and clinical implications for recreational therapy.

Interdependent critical infrastructures resilience: methodology and case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Robert ◽  
Luciano Morabito ◽  
Irène Cloutier ◽  
Yannick Hémond
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Coherence Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
Good For

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a coherence analysis to evaluate the resilience for a critical infrastructure (CI). This is the new way to evaluate the CI and demonstrate that the authors need to pass from the protection towards resilience. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use two approaches for this research. First is a consequence-based approach to evaluate the resilience. This approach has been used many times for evaluating the interdependencies between CIs. The second is a systemic approach to characterize the system and doing the coherence analysis. Findings – This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the coherence in a context of CIs protection. The coherence analysis in resilience is a new concept and the first result to the application seems very good for the user of the research. Originality/value – The originality of this paper is the coherence analysis applied to a resilience evaluation. The criteria for coherence analysis is innovative and it is a new way to consider the resilience and the relation between an organization and it is partners. Another value is the need for a wider scope in the analysis of hazards and how to address them that includes the infrastructure system itself, but also other related organizations and infrastructure systems.

Enabling Electronic Medicine at Kiwicare

2011 ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Nabeel Al Qirim
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Adoption Decision ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Rural Patients ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insight Into

Telemedicine emerges as a viable solution to New Zealand health providers in reaching out to rural patients, in offering medical services and conducting administrative meetings and training. No research exists about adoption of telemedicine in New Zealand. The purpose of this case study was to explain factors influencing adoption of telemedicine utilizing video conferencing technology (TMVC) within a New Zealand hospital known as KiwiCare. Since TMVC is part of IT, tackling it from within technological innovation literature may assist in providing an insight into its adoption within KiwiCare and into the literature. Findings indicate weak presence of critical assessment into technological innovation factors prior to the adoption decision, thereby leading to its weak utilization. Factors like complexity, compatibility and trialability were not assessed extensively by KiwiCare and would have hindered TMVC adoption. TMVC was mainly assessed according to its relative advantage and to its cost effectiveness along with other facilitating and accelerating factors. This is essential but should be alongside technological and other influencing factors highlighted in the literature.

scholarly journals Business Continuity for Critical Infrastructure Operators

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Ruoslahti
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Business Continuity ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Infrastructure Resilience

Critical infrastructures often lack resilience and easily lose critical functionalities if hit by adverse events. Continuity management strategies for critical infrastructure operators and the networks that they form, rely also on the functionality of other interrelated networks. Disruptions in operations may affect society and for this reason, securing the operations of critical infrastructure operators is important. The technological impacts of CPS become evident to the resilience of all fields of critical infrastructure, but there is also human elements to take into account. The research question of this study is: How to enhance business continuity of critical infrastructure? This case study research uses qualitative methods collected by conducting interviews of resilience and continuity professionals who work with Finnish critical infrastructure. Resilience and continuity management are key for critical infrastructure operators. Important factors identified were identifying risks, critical activities, key personnel, creating guidelines and procedures, and open communication, which themes were recognised as important to improve resilience and manage continuity.

scholarly journals Critical Infrastructure Protection

2011 ◽  
pp. 214-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Pye ◽  
Matthew Warren ◽  
William Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Critical Infrastructure Protection ◽  
Infrastructure Protection ◽  
Ethical Imperative ◽  
Ethical Choice ◽  
Made In

The protection of Australian critical infrastructures and the choices made in terms of priorities and cost all impact upon the planning, precautions, and security aspects of protecting these important systems. Often, the choices made will have an ethical imperative that is difficult to assess at the time the decision is taken, and it is only after an incident that the truth of the choices made become fully evident. This is the focus of this discussion that highlights the issues of earlier resource funding choices made and how an ethical choice had to be made, with regard to protecting the security of a water supply infrastructure, or that of a community under the threat of bushfire as outlined in the case study.

Enabling Electronic Medicine at KiwiCare

2006 ◽  
pp. 232-246
Author(s):  
Nabeel Al Qirim
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Adoption Decision ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Rural Patients ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insight Into

Telemedicine emerges as a viable solution to New Zealand health providers in reaching out to rural patients, in offering medical services and conducting administrative meetings and training. No research exists about adoption of telemedicine in New Zealand. The purpose of this case study was to explain factors influencing adoption of telemedicine utilizing video conferencing technology (TMVC) within a New Zealand hospital known as KiwiCare. Since TMVC is part of IT, tackling it from within technological innovation literature may assist in providing an insight into its adoption within KiwiCare and into the literature. Findings indicate weak presence of critical assessment into technological innovation factors prior to the adoption decision, thereby leading to its weak utilization. Factors like complexity, compatibility and trialability were not assessed extensively by KiwiCare and would have hindered TMVC adoption. TMVC was mainly assessed according to its relative advantage and to its cost effectiveness along with other facilitating and accelerating factors. This is essential but should be alongside technological and other influencing factors highlighted in the literature.

Achieving the Objectives in the Field of Consequences Management at the National Level, By Preparing the Economy and the Territory for Defense

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Dorel Badea ◽  
Daniel Roman ◽  
Dumitru Iancu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
National Level ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Topical Area

AbstractThis article presents some lines of effort to reach the specific objectives, for a topical area of collective security, the management of consequences. Conceptual correlations in this spectrum are highlighted between emergencies, critical infrastructures, community resilience. Theoretical research is accompanied by examples taken from practice, the case study at national level being focused on the contribution made to the efficient management of the consequences of the processes specific to the preparation of the economy and the territory for defense. It is emphasized, based on the experience of the specific events of the Covid 19 dynamics, the role and importance of this sector of administrative activity in the critical infrastructure security plan.

scholarly journals Analysing the Cascading Effects on Critical Infrastructure in Torbay Coastal/Pluvial Flooding with Climate Change

10.29007/cwx1 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gibson ◽  
Albert S Chen ◽  
Mehdi Khoury ◽  
Lydia Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia ◽  
Dave Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Eu

Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are commonly designed, built and maintained based on rigorous standards in order to withstand the climate and weather-related pressures. However, shifts in climate characteristics may result in increases of the magnitude and frequency of potential risks, or expose specific CI to new or increased risks not previously considered. As vital components of the normal functioning of modern societies, their resilience encompasses the operational elements, their structural integrity and the capacity to maximize business output under climate stressors. In this work, we propose an integrated and participatory methodological approach to assess the risk and enhance the resilience of interconnected CIs to urban flooding under climate change. The proposed methodology has been applied to the Torbay case study in the EU-CIRCLE project that is also presented in the paper.

The Legislative Reference on Software Vulnerability of Foreign Critical Infrastructure

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 2182-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Le He ◽  
Li Bo Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Software Vulnerability ◽  
Main Factors

The software vulnerability is the main app roach for propagating virus, Trojan and bad information. It seriously blocks the effective circulation of IT products and breaks the normal operation of critical infrastructures. The software vulnerability has become one of the main factors threatening the critical infrastructure safety. So it is of great importance on understanding the software vulnerability and perfecting relevant legislative system to research the concepts, characteristics and foreign related laws of critical infrastructure software vulnerability.

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