Achieving the Objectives in the Field of Consequences Management at the National Level, By Preparing the Economy and the Territory for Defense

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Dorel Badea ◽  
Daniel Roman ◽  
Dumitru Iancu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
National Level ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Topical Area

AbstractThis article presents some lines of effort to reach the specific objectives, for a topical area of collective security, the management of consequences. Conceptual correlations in this spectrum are highlighted between emergencies, critical infrastructures, community resilience. Theoretical research is accompanied by examples taken from practice, the case study at national level being focused on the contribution made to the efficient management of the consequences of the processes specific to the preparation of the economy and the territory for defense. It is emphasized, based on the experience of the specific events of the Covid 19 dynamics, the role and importance of this sector of administrative activity in the critical infrastructure security plan.

Interdependent critical infrastructures resilience: methodology and case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Robert ◽  
Luciano Morabito ◽  
Irène Cloutier ◽  
Yannick Hémond
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Coherence Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
Good For

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a coherence analysis to evaluate the resilience for a critical infrastructure (CI). This is the new way to evaluate the CI and demonstrate that the authors need to pass from the protection towards resilience. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use two approaches for this research. First is a consequence-based approach to evaluate the resilience. This approach has been used many times for evaluating the interdependencies between CIs. The second is a systemic approach to characterize the system and doing the coherence analysis. Findings – This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the coherence in a context of CIs protection. The coherence analysis in resilience is a new concept and the first result to the application seems very good for the user of the research. Originality/value – The originality of this paper is the coherence analysis applied to a resilience evaluation. The criteria for coherence analysis is innovative and it is a new way to consider the resilience and the relation between an organization and it is partners. Another value is the need for a wider scope in the analysis of hazards and how to address them that includes the infrastructure system itself, but also other related organizations and infrastructure systems.

Quantifying Directional Dependencies from Infrastructure Restoration Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad R. Zorn ◽  
Asaad Y. Shamseldin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Dependency Index ◽  
Insight Into

Lifeline utilities and critical infrastructures are becoming increasingly interactive and dependent on one another for normal operation. With a natural disaster or disruptive event, these dependencies can be studied under stressed conditions. To replicate events and inform future simulations, such dependencies can be quantified in both magnitude and direction. This paper builds on recent efforts by proposing a new dependency index methodology that gives importance to the direction of dependency between coupled infrastructures and equally weighting the multiple dependencies that may be realized across a variety of lag times. The effectiveness of this methodology is presented as a case study for the 22 February 2011 earthquake experienced in Christchurch, New Zealand. Dependencies are quantified for a range of critical infrastructure couplings, which provide insight into the future application of these results and the requirement for integration with qualitative studies to accurately inform interdependency models.

scholarly journals Business Continuity for Critical Infrastructure Operators

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Ruoslahti
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Business Continuity ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Infrastructure Resilience

Critical infrastructures often lack resilience and easily lose critical functionalities if hit by adverse events. Continuity management strategies for critical infrastructure operators and the networks that they form, rely also on the functionality of other interrelated networks. Disruptions in operations may affect society and for this reason, securing the operations of critical infrastructure operators is important. The technological impacts of CPS become evident to the resilience of all fields of critical infrastructure, but there is also human elements to take into account. The research question of this study is: How to enhance business continuity of critical infrastructure? This case study research uses qualitative methods collected by conducting interviews of resilience and continuity professionals who work with Finnish critical infrastructure. Resilience and continuity management are key for critical infrastructure operators. Important factors identified were identifying risks, critical activities, key personnel, creating guidelines and procedures, and open communication, which themes were recognised as important to improve resilience and manage continuity.

scholarly journals Critical Infrastructure Protection

2011 ◽  
pp. 214-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Pye ◽  
Matthew Warren ◽  
William Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Critical Infrastructure Protection ◽  
Infrastructure Protection ◽  
Ethical Imperative ◽  
Ethical Choice ◽  
Made In

The protection of Australian critical infrastructures and the choices made in terms of priorities and cost all impact upon the planning, precautions, and security aspects of protecting these important systems. Often, the choices made will have an ethical imperative that is difficult to assess at the time the decision is taken, and it is only after an incident that the truth of the choices made become fully evident. This is the focus of this discussion that highlights the issues of earlier resource funding choices made and how an ethical choice had to be made, with regard to protecting the security of a water supply infrastructure, or that of a community under the threat of bushfire as outlined in the case study.

scholarly journals Analysing the Cascading Effects on Critical Infrastructure in Torbay Coastal/Pluvial Flooding with Climate Change

10.29007/cwx1 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gibson ◽  
Albert S Chen ◽  
Mehdi Khoury ◽  
Lydia Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia ◽  
Dave Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Eu

Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are commonly designed, built and maintained based on rigorous standards in order to withstand the climate and weather-related pressures. However, shifts in climate characteristics may result in increases of the magnitude and frequency of potential risks, or expose specific CI to new or increased risks not previously considered. As vital components of the normal functioning of modern societies, their resilience encompasses the operational elements, their structural integrity and the capacity to maximize business output under climate stressors. In this work, we propose an integrated and participatory methodological approach to assess the risk and enhance the resilience of interconnected CIs to urban flooding under climate change. The proposed methodology has been applied to the Torbay case study in the EU-CIRCLE project that is also presented in the paper.

scholarly journals A Case Study of an Industrial Power Plant under Cyberattack: Simulation and Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2568
Author(s):  
Marilena Stănculescu ◽  
Sorin Deleanu ◽  
Paul Cristian Andrei ◽  
Horia Andrei
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electrical Parameter ◽  
National Level ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Process Flow ◽  
Access Methods

For critical infrastructures, technological developments regarding real-time data transmission and processing improve the system's operability and reliability. However, vulnerabilities are introduced in the case of implementing new remote access methods or where redundancy is low. At the national level, most critical infrastructures are connected, and, therefore, achieving a level of security and resilience is based on identifying a multitude of risks. In this respect, the reduction of risk to acceptable levels directly affects the quality of citizens' lives and decreases losses in the industry. This study starts from the threats to power systems, namely cyberattacks, which are much more dangerous, although less visible, to operators, and almost invisible to the public or the media. From this point of view, it was proved that the most vulnerable parts of the power system were human–machine interfaces, electrical equipment, Surveillance, Control, and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. This paper's main achievements include the simulation of cyberattacks on existing electrical equipment from a petrochemical plant (case study), which consists of modifying the remote data transmitted by the SCADA system. Two locations were submitted to simulated cyberattacks that were considered critical for the overall plant operation. Furthermore, the changes that occur following each fault resulting from the cyberattack and the influence of the electrical parameter changes upon the process flow were analyzed. Furthermore, by using Electrical Power System Analysis Software—ETAP—the changes that occur following each fault due to the cyberattack and the influence of the electrical parameter changes upon the process flow were analyzed. By considering the two malfunction events, the resilience assessment of the system was analyzed. In the second case, only partial resilience action, up to 40%, restored the operability of the industrial power plant.

Modernisation of Higher Education – Willful Action or Wishful Thinking? The Case of Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Elena Blagoeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The impact of the last global economic crisis (2008) on the European economy put a strain on higher education (HE), yet it also pushed the sector towards intensive reforms and improvements. This paper focuses on the “Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in the Republic of Bulgaria 2014-2020”. With a case study methodology, we explore the strategic endeavours of the Bulgarian government to comply with the European directions and to secure sustainable growth for the HE sector. Our research question is ‘How capable is the Bulgarian HE Strategy to overcome the economic and systemic restraints of Bulgarian higher education?’. Because the development of strategies for HE within the EU is highly contextual, a single qualitative case study was chosen as the research approach. HE institutions are not ivory towers, but subjects to a variety of external and internal forces. Within the EU, this is obviated by the fact that Universities obtain their funds from institutions such as governments, students and their families, donors, as well as EU-level programmes. Therefore, to explore how these pressures interact to affect strategic action on national level, the case method is well suited as it enabled us to study the phenomena thoroughly and deeply. The paper suggests the actions proposed within the Strategy have the potential to overcome the delay, the regional isolation and the negative impact of the economic crisis on the country. Nevertheless, the key elements on which the success or failure of this Strategy hinges are the control mechanisms and the approach to implementation. Shortcomings in these two aspects of strategic actions in HE seem to mark the difference between gaining long-term benefits and merely saving face in front of international institutions.

scholarly journals Attack Categorisation for IoT Applications in Critical Infrastructures, a Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7228
Author(s):  
Edward Staddon ◽  
Valeria Loscri ◽  
Nathalie Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
War Zone ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Do So

With the ever advancing expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) into our everyday lives, the number of attack possibilities increases. Furthermore, with the incorporation of the IoT into Critical Infrastructure (CI) hardware and applications, the protection of not only the systems but the citizens themselves has become paramount. To do so, specialists must be able to gain a foothold in the ongoing cyber attack war-zone. By organising the various attacks against their systems, these specialists can not only gain a quick overview of what they might expect but also gain knowledge into the specifications of the attacks based on the categorisation method used. This paper presents a glimpse into the area of IoT Critical Infrastructure security as well as an overview and analysis of attack categorisation methodologies in the context of wireless IoT-based Critical Infrastructure applications. We believe this can be a guide to aid further researchers in their choice of adapted categorisation approaches. Indeed, adapting appropriated categorisation leads to a quicker attack detection, identification, and recovery. It is, thus, paramount to have a clear vision of the threat landscapes of a specific system.

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