scholarly journals Incidence of Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults in Jordan, 2000-2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 934-946
Author(s):  
Justin Z. Amarin ◽  
Razan Mansour ◽  
Omar F. Nimri ◽  
Maysa Al-Hussaini
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Incidence Of Cancer ◽  
Full Study ◽  
High Population Growth ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Who 2008

PURPOSE The epidemiology of cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is distinct and underinvestigated. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of cancer in AYAs in Jordan. PATIENTS AND METHODS We accessed all records submitted to the Jordan Cancer Registry between 2000 and 2017. We included all patients, age 15-39 years, who were ordinarily resident in Jordan. We then calculated frequencies, age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs), and annual percentage changes (APCs) and performed subgroup analyses by biologic sex, age subgroups, and site (SEER AYA site recode/WHO 2008). We also performed site-specific trend analyses using joinpoint models. RESULTS We identified 14,115 eligible patients, of whom 1,531 (10.8%), 4,278 (30.3%), and 8,306 (58.8%) were 15-19, 20-29, and 30-39 years old at diagnosis, respectively. The numbers of male and female AYAs were 5,792 (41.0%) and 8,323 (59.0%), respectively. The crude number of cases increased from 654 in 2000 to 954 in 2017 (APC, 2.6%). The overall AAIR ranged from 32.3 in 2000 to 24.3 in 2017 (APC, –1.7%). The AAIR was 27.6 over the full study period and was higher in females (34.1) than in males (21.6). Carcinomas, lymphomas, and leukemias were the most common cancers. The incidence rates of the majority of cancers trended downward over the study period. CONCLUSION The incidence of cancer in AYAs in Jordan is relatively low and declining. However, the absolute number of cases is increasing because this downtrend does not offset the effect of a high population growth rate; almost a 1,000 cases of cancer are now diagnosed every year, which represents a significant increase in the burden of cancer in a developing country with limited healthcare resources.

scholarly journals Emerging Cancer Survival Trends, Disparities, and Priorities in Adolescents and Young Adults: A California Cancer Registry-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana J Moke ◽  
Kaiya Tsai ◽  
Ann S Hamilton ◽  
Amie Hwang ◽  
Lihua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
California Cancer Registry

Abstract Background Although landmark studies in the 1990s demonstrated that adolescents and young adults (AYAs, ages 15–39 years) with cancer had lower survival improvement compared to other ages, therapeutic advances warrant reappraisal of those observations. We utilized more recent data to study site-specific AYA survival trends and disparities and gain a more contemporary understanding of this problem. Methods Using California Cancer Registry data from 1988 to 2014, we calculated 1) 5-year overall survival improvement for AYAs compared to other age groups; 2) hazard ratios (HRs) of death for AYAs comparing 2001–2014 with 1988–2000 stratified by site, stage, sex, age group, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES); and 3) site-specific adjusted HRs (aHRs) for AYA risk groups and interaction analyses by time period. Results For all cancers combined, AYAs demonstrated survival improvement that exceeded all other age groups, largely due to reduced mortality in human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related cancers. The strongest predictor of death was cancer stage (aHR = 6.32 for distant vs localized, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.20 to 6.45). The aHR of death was statistically significantly higher for blacks (1.46, 95% CI = 1.42 to 1.50), Asian and Pacific Islanders (1.12, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.15), and Latino whites (1.06, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.08) compared to non-Latino whites, and was statistically significantly higher for low SES compared to high (1.31, 95% CI = 1.29 to 1.34). Survival disparities by stage, race and ethnicity, and SES worsened over time. Conclusions For AYAs in aggregate, the historical cancer survival improvement gap has been closed. However, the growing survival disparities in AYA subsets reported here, including advanced stage disease, racial and ethnic minorities, and low SES, highlight new priorities in need of increased attention, including inequities in cancer care and delivery within this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals An epidemiology report for primary central nervous system tumors in adolescents and young adults: a nationwide population-based study in France, 2008–2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Ng ◽  
Sonia Zouaoui ◽  
Faiza Bessaoud ◽  
Valérie Rigau ◽  
Alexandre Roux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Crude Rate ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Tumor Identification

Abstract Background Primary central nervous system tumors (PCNST) among adolescents and young adults (AYA, 15–39 y) have rarely been reported. We present a nationwide report of PCNST histologically confirmed in the French AYA population between 2008 and 2013. Methods Patients were identified through the French Brain Tumor Database (FBTDB), a national dataset that includes prospectively all histologically confirmed cases of PCNST in France. Patients aged 15 to 39 years with histologically confirmed PCNST diagnosed between 2008 and 2013 were included. For each of the 143 histological subtypes of PCNST, crude rates, sex, surgery, and age distribution were provided. To enable international comparisons, age-standardized incidence rates were adjusted to the world-standard, European, and USA populations. Results For 6 years, 9661 PCNST (males/females: 4701/4960) were histologically confirmed in the French AYA population. The overall crude rate was 8.15 per 100 000 person-years. Overall, age-standardized incidence rates were (per 100 000 person-years, population of reference: world/Europe/USA): 7.64/8.07/8.21, respectively. Among patients aged 15–24 years, the crude rate was 5.13 per 100 000. Among patients aged 25–39 years, the crude rate was 10.10 per 100 000. Age-standardized incidence rates were reported for each of the 143 histological subtypes. Moreover, for each histological subtype, data were detailed by sex, age, type of surgery (surgical resection or biopsy), and cryopreserved samples. Conclusion These data represent an exhaustive report of all histologically confirmed cases of PCNST with their frequency and distribution in the French AYA population in 2008–2013. For the first time in this age group, complete histological subtypes and rare tumor identification are detailed.

scholarly journals 1537. Incidence, Reinfection, and Discrepancy Between Site Positivity and Reported Sexual Practice of Sexually Transmitted Infections in HIV-Positive Adolescents and Young Adults in Atlanta, GA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S768-S769
Author(s):  
Leah Loerinc ◽  
Amy Scheel ◽  
Sierra L Jordan-Thompson ◽  
Scott Gillespie ◽  
Andres Camacho-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Exposure History

Abstract Background HIV-positive adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Despite national recommendations, STI screening remains low. Incomplete screening in addition to inconsistent reported sexual practices may lead to missed infections. This study aimed to determine the incidence and reinfection rates of co-STIs in HIV-positive AYAs and the discrepancy between site positivity and self-reported sexual history in this group. Methods Retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients aged 13-24 at Grady Ponce and Family Youth Clinic in Atlanta, GA from 2009-2018. Data were collected on demographics and STI events. STIs included gonorrhea (GC), chlamydia (CT), human papillomavirus (HPV), syphilis, trichomonas, herpes simplex virus (HSV), lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), hepatitis C (HCV), bacterial vaginosis (BV), and chancroid. First STI incidence and incidence of reinfections were calculated by dividing new cases over corresponding person follow-up time. Results 621 sexually active HIV-positive AYAs were included. The mean age at first observation was 18.7 (±3.29) years. 72.1% of patients were male, 92.3% were Black, and 79.7% were horizontally infected. 83.7% of patients had at least one STI during the study period. The overall first STI incidence rate was 35.8 per 100 person-years with HPV, GC, CT, and syphilis as the most common STIs reported (Table 1). The overall recurrent incidence rate was 72.1 per 100 person-years with GC, CT, and syphilis as the most common recurrent infections (Table 1). Of all GC and CT infections, the majority were rectal (48.7% and 49.9%, respectively) (Table 2). Only 65.8% of patients with rectal GC and 68.5% with rectal CT infections reported recent receptive anal sex (Table 3). Table 1: First and recurrent incidence rates of any STI and individual STIs per 100 person-years Table 2: STIs by site, all infections Table 3: Reported exposure history vs. STI site positivity Conclusion Our study demonstrates disproportionately high incidence and reinfection rates of co-STIs in HIV-positive AYAs. Furthermore, many patients did not report exposure at their site of infection. If screening is done based off reported exposure history alone, many infections may be missed. Our data support the urgent need for increased STI screening in this population, including routine extragenital testing for GC and CT even without reported exposure at these sites. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Device-Associated Nosocomial Infection Rates in Intensive Care Units in Greece

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 602-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Dima ◽  
Evangelos I. Kritsotakis ◽  
Maria Roumbelaki ◽  
Simeon Metalidis ◽  
Andreas Karabinis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Site-specific, risk-adjusted incidence rates of intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections were obtained through standardized surveillance in 8 ICUs in Greece. High rates were observed for central line-associated bloodstream infection (12.1 infections per 1,000 device-days) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (12.5 infections per 1,000 device-days). Gram-negative microorganisms accounted for 60.4% of the isolates recovered, and Acinetobacter species were predominant. To reduce infection rates in Greek ICUs, comprehensive infection control programs are required.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

Epidemiological Trends in Attempted Suicide in Adolescents and Young Adults Between 1996 and 2004

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie De Munck ◽  
Gwendolyn Portzky ◽  
Kees Van Heeringen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Trends

Background: Notwithstanding the epidemiological studies indicating an increased risk of attempted suicide among adolescents and young adults, there is a scarcity of international studies that examine long-term epidemiological trends in rates and characteristics of this vulnerable group. Aims: This article describes the results of a 9-year monitoring study of suicide attempts in adolescents and young adults referred to the Accident and Emergency Department of the Gent University Hospital (Belgium). Methods: Between January 1996 and December 2004, trends, sociodemographic, and methodrelated characteristics of suicide attempts were assessed by a psychiatrist on data sheets. Results: Attempted suicide rates declined from 1996 to 2001 and then rose until 2004, but did not exceed previous rates. During the 9 years of monitoring, there was a preponderance of female suicide attempters, except for 1997. Rates of attempts and of fatal suicide were negatively correlated. Significantly more males than females deliberately injured themselves. Younger attempters, especially females, significantly more often poisoned themselves with analgesics. In nearly one in five attempts, alcohol was used in combination with other methods, and alcohol intake was more commonly observed in older suicide attempters. Nearly half of the adolescents were identified as repeaters. Conclusions: The results of this study warrant further monitoring of trends and characteristics of young suicide attempters.

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