The Serum Fas and Fas Ligand levels in Childhood Acute Leukemias.

Abstract Abstract 4724 Aim Abnormalities and alterations in apoptosis mechanism may lead to cancer development. Cystean proteases enzymes, called caspases, appear to be involved in both the initial signaling events. There are many proteins that trigger intrinsic and extrinsic pathway and induce apoptosis signals. Fas and its specific ligand that known as Fas Ligand are the best defined dead receptors and have functions in apoptosis regulation with many tumor types. Fas binds the ligand on the cytotoxic T cells and start apoptosis. Objectives of this study were to determine serum levels of Fas and Fas Ligand at the time of diagnosis in childhood acute leukemias that may be play important role in apoptosis mechanism. Patients and Methods In this study, we investigated serum Fas and Fas Ligand levels by using ELISA method in childhood acute leukemias. Twenty-nine cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and twenty-three cases with acute myeloblastic leukemia at the ages of 1-18 years are included this study. The age distrubition of the control group varied 1-15 years consisted of twenty-seven children. We investigated serum Fas and Fas Ligand levels at the time of diagnosis from peripheral blood samples. Results The comparison of the mean values of Fas and Fas Ligand levels in acute leukemia patients groups and control group have shown important difference as statistically (p<0,05). The mean values of Fas and Fas Ligand levels were higher in ALL and AML patients. The comparison of the mean values of Fas and Fas ligand levels in ALL and AML patients have shown no difference (p>0,05). The comparison of the Fas levels in ALL patients according to immunophenotypes; CALLA(+) B-ALL have higher mean level than T-ALL and shown important difference as statistically (p<0,05). The comparison of the mean values of Fas level at the diagnosis in ALL patients who had relapsed and patients who had remission have shown important difference (p<0,05). The mean values of Fas level were found higher in relapsed ALL patients. In these results showed that Fas and Fas ligand may play important role in apoptosis mechanism. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Use of Erythropoietin (EPO) in Children with Malignancies.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v108.11.5533.5533 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 108 (11) ◽

pp. 5533-5533

Author(s):

Gabor T. Kovacs ◽

Judit Muller ◽

Monika Csoka ◽

Eszter Vonnak ◽

Hajna Erlaky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Recombinant Erythropoietin ◽

Malignant Diseases ◽

Human Erythropoietin ◽

Unsuccessful Treatment ◽

The Mean

Abstract Recombinant erythropoietin is widely used for the treatment of anemia in malignant diseases in adults. There are only limited data of its use in pediatric population. In this study we analysed the effectiveness and tolerability of recombinant human erythropoietin (NeoRecormon) in children with malignant diseases. 80 children with malignant diseases were analysed. 40 patients (15 girls, 25 boys) received EPO in a mean dosage of 144.5±14.1 IU/kg three times a week. The mean age of the EPO-treated patients was 8.8 (2.5–16) years. 26 children had acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 14 patients had solid tumor. Match-paired, retrospective control patients (n=40) with similar diagnosis were used for the data analysis as control group (C). The mean duration of EPO treatment was 5.8 months (3–8 mo). In 6 patients the therapy was ceased due to elevated serum hemoglobin (Hb) (>130 g/L), in 6 patients the dose was increased up to 200 IU/kg three times a week, and 5 patients discontinued the therapy (2 died, 3 unsuccessful treatment). The mean amount of erythrocyte transfusion in the first 3 months of chemotherapy (CT) was 4.1±3.1 U/patient in the EPO group, and 8.0±4.2 in C, and during 6 months of CT 4.5±3.4 with EPO, and 11.6±7.1 in C (p<0.05). Soluble transferrine receptor (STFR) levels in serum increased in the EPO group after 2 weeks of therapy from 3.2±2.0 up to 4.8±2.9 (p<0.05). In general in 26/40 patients a significant elevation of the Hb levels and decrease of the need of erythrocyte transfusions could be detected. In 22 patients the STFR levels increased more than 50 % after 2 weeks of therapy. In this subgroup 18/22 children responded to EPO therapy. All patients tolerated the therapy well, no severe side effects were detected. In summary, EPO treatment is effective in about 2/3 of pediatric oncology patients. The therapy is well-tolerated. Increase in the STFR serum levels might be a useful marker for the effectiveness of EPO in children.

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Serum Osteopontin Growth hormone , and Other Biochemical Parameters in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY ◽

10.24297/jac.v7i1.976 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1169-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Atheer A. Mehde ◽

Wesen A. Mehdi ◽

Karima F. Ali

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Control Group ◽

Surface Receptors ◽

The Mean

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a custom of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells categorized by excess lymphoblasts and Chemotherapy is the initial treatment of choice. Most ALL patients will receive a combination of different treatments.Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein that cooperates with a variety of cell surface receptors, as well as several integrins and CD44. OPN is secreted by numerous human malignancies. We aimed to evaluate serum levels of osteopontin and growth hormone(GH) in patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. We studied serum levels of OPN ,GH and other biochemical levels of 60 patients that diagnosis as acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The mean levels of OPN were significantly higher in patients (10.00± 1.15 ng/ml) than in control (7.62± 0.60 ng/ml). The mean levels of GH levels were significantly lower in patients (2.98± 0.51ng/dl) than in control (6.02± 1.00 ng/dl. The mean levels of the iron and total protein in ALL patients were (95.78± 10.11 µg/dl), (6.08 ± 1.16 g/dl)respectively. The present study showed a significant negative correlation between GH with osteopontin (OPN) ,while there a positive significant correlate between GH with hemoglobin in patients group compared to control group. The present study Conclude that elevated levels of osteopontin and decreased GH levels at the diagnosis may predict an unfavorable result in ALL childhood .

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Evaluation of serum levels of iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation and ferritin in chronic kidney disease patients vs. control group

Annals of African Medical Research ◽

10.4081/aamr.2019.101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hafsatu Maiwada Suleiman ◽

Mohammed Amina ◽

Ibrahim Abubakar ◽

Yusuf Rasheed ◽

Mohammed Jibril El-Bashir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Iron Binding Capacity

The magnitude of chronic renal disease is enormous, as the prevalence of kidney failure is rising. Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that develops early in its course and becomes increasingly severe as the disease progresses. The aim is to evaluate the serum level of iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation and ferritin in chronic kidney disease population in Zaria and control subjects. This study was conducted at ABUTH Zaria were 125 patients in various stages of CKD who presented at the nephrology clinic and equal number of apparently healthy age and sex matched controls were recruited. The mean (SD) age of patient and controls were 48 (14) years. These were made up of 53.6% males, and 46.4% females. Mean values of serum creatinine significantly higher in the patients (<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mean values of iron (p=0.32) and TIBC (p=1.29) in both study groups. The patients had a significantly (p˂0.0001) higher mean value for ferritin and TSAT than the control group. There were higher serum creatinine and ferritin values in males than in females while higher serum TIBC, estimated creatinine clearance and iron were observed in females than males. Serum creatinine, ferritin and estimated creatinine clearance of male patients were found to be significantly higher with p-value of 0.002, 0.000 and 0.028 respectively than that of female patients. No significant differences were noted in serum levels of iron, TIBC and TSAT. Serum creatinine, ferritin and TSAT were found to be significantly elevated in CKD patients while serum Iron and TIBC were not.

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Effect of Intrathecal Methotrexate on CSF and RBC Folate Levels in Children Receiving Treatment for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v126.23.2486.2486 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 126 (23) ◽

pp. 2486-2486

Author(s):

Keith J. August ◽

Leon van Haandel ◽

J. Steven Leeder

Keyword(s):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Intrathecal Methotrexate ◽

Control Group ◽

Intrathecal Therapy ◽

Methyl Transfer ◽

Sequential Administration ◽

The Mean ◽

Baseline Levels

Abstract Background: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receive multiple doses of intrathecal methotrexate during treatment. Methotrexate is a folate analogue that competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase leading to a decrease in purine and pyrimidine synthesis. The administration of methotrexate also leads to alterations of the methyl transfer pathway that may be determinants of toxicity and therapeutic response. Objective: To describe the changes of the methyl transfer pathway in CSF seen with sequential administration of intrathecal methotrexate in children receiving therapy for ALL. Methods: Children with ALL received age-based doses of intrathecal methotrexate on days 8, 29, 36, 43 and 50 of treatment. No oral or intravenous methotrexate was administered during the first 50 days of treatment. CSF and plasma samples were collected at the time of each intrathecal therapy. Concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (5,10-MeTHF), betaine and choline were measured using reversed phase LC-MS/MS.1 Control samples were collected from patients with AML who were not exposed to any methotrexate. Results: 39 children with ALL and 7 with AML were included and contributed samples to our analysis. The mean baseline CSF 5-MTHF concentration (treatment day 8) measured in the ALL patients was 54.8 nM. The concentration of CSF 5-MTHF decreased to 34.4 nM (p<0.001) on treatment day 29, 21 days after receiving a single dose of intrathecal methotrexate. On treatment day 36, the CSF 5-MTHF was 56.7 nM, indicating a return to baseline levels. Despite repeated weekly administration, the concentration on treatment days 43 and 50 did not significantly change (Figure 1). Similar results were seen when CSF concentrations of 5,10-MeTHF were analyzed. The baseline mean 5,10-MeTHF concentration was 0.27 nM on treatment day 8 and this decreased to 0.13 nM 21 days later (p<0.001). By treatment day 36, mean CSF levels of 5,10-MeTHF were near baseline at 0.22 nM and no further significant changes in levels were seen on treatment days 43 or 50 (Figure 2). Day of Treatment The mean RBC 5-MTHF concentration was 641.9 nM on treatment day 8, 611.9 nM on day 29, 887.2 nM on day 36, 1197.3 nM on day 43 and 1063.3 nM on day 50. The mean RBC 5-MTHF on treatment days 43 and 50 was significantly increased when compared to baseline levels (p<0.001). As CSF folate is depleted and replenished during the first two months of treatment, other biochemical alterations of the methyl transfer pathway with the CSF were evaluated. Levels of CSF betaine steadily increased with ongoing intrathecal treatment while CSF choline did not change (Table 1). Table 1. Changes in Folate Homeostasis During Therapy for ALL Through Treatment Day 50 Control Day 8 Day 29 Day 36 Day 43 Day 50 p CSF 5-MTHF (nM) 84.6 54.8 34.0 52.3 62.2 55.0 <0.001 CSF 5,10-MeTHF (nM) 0.36 0.27 0.14 0.22 0.29 0.26 <0.001 CSF Betaine (µM) 1.76 1.70 1.83 2.04 2.05 2.37 0.005 CSF Choline (µM) 2.27 2.27 2.29 2.38 2.44 2.59 0.665 RBC 5-MTHF (nM) 803.6 641.9 611.9 887.2 1197.3 1063.3 <0.001 In the control group, the mean CSF 5-MTHF concentration was 84.6 nM. This was significantly increased compared to the concentrations seen in ALL patients at all timepoints, including baseline levels. The mean 5,10-MeTHF level for the control group was 0.36 nM. This was significantly different from ALL patients only on days 29 and 36 of treatment. There were no differences noted between CSF betaine and choline levels between ALL patients and controls. There were four patients with ALL who experienced neurotoxicity (grade 3 of higher) related to methotrexate. There were no differences in CSF 5-MTHF, 5,10-MeTHF, betaine or choline levels between patients that experienced neurotoxicity compared to those who did not. Conclusion: Children with ALL have a significant decrease in CSF 5-MTHF and 5,10-MeTHF levels following the initial administration of a single intrathecal dose of methotrexate. Despite additional intrathecal doses of methotrexate, these levels return to baseline by treatment day 36. This is accompanied by an increase in RBC 5-MTHF and CSF betaine. These data suggest that continued exposure of the CSF to methotrexate may induce systemic mechanisms of folate repletion. 1 van Haandel L, et al. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2012; 26(14):1617-30. Figure 1. Mean CSF 5-MTHF Concentrations Figure 1. Mean CSF 5-MTHF Concentrations Figure 2. Mean CSF 5,10-MeTHF Concentrations Figure 2. Mean CSF 5,10-MeTHF Concentrations Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Protective Effect of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Against TramadolInduced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH ◽

10.25258/ijtpr.v9i02.9053 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Ashraf Albrakati

Keyword(s):

Oral Dose ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Urea ◽

Kidney Function Tests ◽

Mean Values ◽

Intraperitoneal Dose ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽

The Mean

Tramadol, a broadly in recent years, is an effective analgesic agent for the treatment of moderate to acute pain. Its metabolites are excreted by the kidney which may cause nephrotoxicity. Moringa oleifera leaves are commonly used to provide herbal and plant-derived medicinal products especially in developing nations. The present study was carried out to determine the biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of tramadol-treated albino mice and to evaluate the possible protective role of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty adult albino mice were divided into four groups. Control group (group i) received daily intraperitoneal injection of normal saline only, group ii received oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (20 mg/kg/bw) for three weeks, group iii received daily intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw) for the same period, group iv, received daily oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract, (20 mg/kg/bw) three hours before injecting intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw), for the same period. Blood samples were withdrawn at the end of the experiment for kidney function tests and specimens from the kidney were processed for histological study. No significant differences in the mean values of the kidney function tests were noticed between Moringa oleifera group and control group. However, there was highly significant increase in the mean values of serum, urea and creatinine in tramadol-treated group as compared to the control group. Although tramadol + Moringa oleifera group revealed significant difference in the mean values of urea and creatinine when compared with tramadol-treated group. So, Moringa oleifera leaves extract have been shown to attenuate the renal dysfunction, improve the renal architecture, with nearly normalization of serum urea and creatinine levels which indicate improvement of renal function. In conclusion, in the light of biochemical results and histological findings, co-administration of Moringa oleifera leaves lessened the negative effects of tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity; possibly by its antioxidant action. Further investigation of these promising protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced renal injury may have considerable impact on developing an adjunct therapy aiming to improve the therapeutic index of some nephrotoxic drugs.

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Effect of Medialization of the Trochlear Groove and Lateralization of the Tibial Tubercle on TT-TG Distance: A Cross-sectional Study of Dysplastic and Nondysplastic Knees

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520987819 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652098781

Author(s):

Mathias Paiva ◽

Lars Blønd ◽

Per Hölmich ◽

Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod

Keyword(s):

Trochlear Dysplasia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Tibial Tubercle ◽

Control Group ◽

Trochlear Groove ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean

Background: Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is often used as a measure of lateralization of the TT and is important for surgical planning. Purpose: To investigate if increased TT-TG distance measured on axial magnetic resonance images is due to lateralization of the TT or medialization of the TG. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 84 knees (28 normal [NK], 28 with trochlear dysplasia [TD], and 28 with patellar dislocation without TD [PD]) were examined. The medial border of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was chosen as the central anatomic landmark. The distance from the TT to PCL (TT-PCL) was measured to examine the lateralization of the TT. The distance from the TG to the PCL (TG-PCL) was measured to examine the medialization of the TG. Between-group differences were investigated by use of 1-way analysis of variance. Results: The mean values for TT-TG distance were 8.7 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 12.1 ± 6.0 mm for PD, and 16.7 ± 4.3 mm in the TD group ( P < .01). The mean values for TT-PCL distance were 18.5 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 18.5 ± 4.5 mm for PD, and 21.2 ± 4.2 mm in the TD group ( P = .03). The mean values for TG-PCL distance were 9.6 ± 3.0 mm for NK, 7.1 ± 3.4 mm for PD, and 5.1 ± 3.3 mm in the dysplastic group ( P < .01). Conclusion: The present results indicate that increased TT-TG distance is due to medialization of the TG and not lateralization of the TT. Knees with TD had increased TT-TG distance compared with the knees of the control group and the knees with PD. The TT-PCL distance did not differ significantly between groups, whereas the TG-PCL distance declined with increased TT-TG.

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Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in the Assessment of Acute Cerebrovascular Accident

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1721198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

pp. 106-111

Author(s):

Srinivasan Radhakrishnan ◽

Swathy Moorthy ◽

Sudish Gadde ◽

Krishnaswamy Madhavan

Keyword(s):

Acute Stroke ◽

Cerebrovascular Accident ◽

Troponin I ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Assay Method ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Cardiac Enzymes ◽

Mean Values ◽

Creatine Kinase Mb ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) has for long been a global burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) component, troponin T, and brain natriuretic peptide have been found to be elevated among the patients with stroke and also serve to prognosticate these patients. The serum levels of these enzymes correlate directly to the severity of stroke in these patients. Objective Elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents are not uncommon despite the patients not having any cardiac problems. We aimed to identify the occurrence of elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute stroke and their correlation with the severity of stroke. Materials and Methods Our study included 100 patients of acute stroke with no previous history of cardiac ailments. Serum levels of troponin I and CK-MB were analyzed among these patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method within the first 2 hours of admission. Patients outcome during the hospital stay were analyzed. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke score (NIHS score) and the modified Rankin Score (mRS). The cardiac enzyme levels were correlated with these scores. Results Twenty-eight percent of patients had elevated troponin I, while 72% patients had normal levels with the mean values of 10.36 to 106.54 ng/mL and 0.00 to 0.02 ng/mL, respectively. CK-MB levels were found elevated among 14% patients and normal among 86% patients with mean values of 5.8 to 124.36 and 0.0 to 4.3 ng/mL, respectively. Among the six patients who succumbed to death, three patients had increased troponin I and four had elevated CK-MB. NIHS scores of 21.0357±6.79 and 105.277±5.564 were seen in patients with elevated and normal troponin I, whereas NIHS scores of 20.4285±8.658 and 11.8721±9.273 were seen among patients with increased and normal CK-MB, respectively. The mRS scores were 4.3214±0.367, 2.4305±1.374, 4.2143±1.412, and 2.756±1.749 ng/mL among the patients with elevated and normal troponin I and CK-MB, respectively. Conclusion The mean values of cardiac enzymes troponin I and CK-MB were higher among patients with higher scores of NIHS and mRS. Among them, troponin I was very significant and it may serve as an early biomarker for the severity of stroke and hint on early cardiac evaluation among these patients.

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Association Between Osteoarticular Scores and Acute Phase Reactant Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.2478/v10011-008-0031-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 116-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Irena Kafeđiska ◽

Dejan Spasovski ◽

Todor Gruev ◽

Mane Grličkov ◽

Kočo Cakalaroski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Phase Reactant ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Mean Values ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Phase Reactant ◽

The Mean

Association Between Osteoarticular Scores and Acute Phase Reactant Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis The aim of this prospective control study was a quantitative evaluation of the activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in certain time intervals, using articular indexes (set of 28 sensitive and 28 swollen joints), laboratory parameters (Hb, Hct, Er, Le and Plt) and acute phase reactants (ESR, RF, CRP); to determine which of the acute phase reactants is the most useful biochemical marker for the evaluation of disease activity in RA; to quantify the therapeutical and laboratory differences in certain time intervals in the group with and without immunomodulatory therapy with Methotrexate. Sixty patients with RA were included, 27 of who were treated with non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Methotrexate (MTX). The control group consisted of 33 patients treated only with NSAIDs because of irregular controls. In the first group of patients the disease activity was estimated at four time intervals, and in the control group of patients at three time intervals following the scores of the articular indexes, blood cell counts, ESR and CRP in every patient. In the first group of patients decreased activity of RA was found upon every following control with a consecutive decrease in mean values of the scores of articular indexes with statistically significant differences at the four time intervals. Considering laboratory parameters, there were statistically significant differences in the mean values of Hb, Er, Plt, ESR, (p=0.0462, p=0.0076, p= 0.0058, p= 0.0003). Mean values of CRP did not show statistically significant differences, but the number of patients who were CRP negative increased (there were great standard deviations). In the group of patients treated only with NSAIDs, there were statistically significant differences in the mean values of the scores of articular indexes with an increse at every following control (in favour of progression of the disease). There were no statistically significant differences considering blood cell counts, ESR and CRP (in favour of permanently active disease). In conclusion, CRP is the most useful marker for the prospective follow-up of patients with RA.

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Does diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging have a place in the differential diagnosis of brucella sacroiliitis and seronegative spondyloarthropathy?

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185120938370 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 028418512093837

Author(s):

Sunay Sibel Karayol ◽

Kudret Cem Karayol

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Control Group ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Visual Evaluation ◽

Mean Values ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

The Mean

Background The aim of this study is to investigate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differential diagnosis of sacroiliitis. Purpose To compare the sacroiliac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of patients with suspected active sacroiliitis with patients with acute SpA MR findings and the DWI examinations of patients with acute brucella sacroiliitis, and thereby determine whether DWI can contribute to the differential diagnosis. Material and Methods A total of 84 patients were included in the study and were separated into three groups: group 1 (13 women, 6 men) comprised cases with brucella positive for sacroiliitis; group 2 (17 women, 19 men) comprised cases negative for brucella but with sacroiliitis; and group 3 (16 women, 13 men) comprised cases negative for brucella and sacroiliitis. Results The mean bone marrow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values independently of edema were determined as 0.71 × 10−3 in sacroiliitis and brucella-positive patients, as 0.53 × 10−3 in brucella-negative and sacroiliitis-positive patients, and as 0.43 × 10−3 in the control group of brucella-negative sacroiliitis-negative patients. In the ADC measurements taken from areas of evident edema in patients with sacroiliitis, the mean values were 0.13 × 10−3 in the brucella-positive group and 0.12 × 10−3 in the brucella-negative group. Conclusion By adding DWI, which is a rapid MR sequence, to sacroiliac joint MR examination, normal bone marrow and bone marrow with sacroiliitis can be objectively differentiated with ADC measurements in addition to visual evaluation.

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The Effect of Smoking on the Lipid Profile of Inhabitant Smokers of Hasilpur, District Bahawalpur, Pakistan

RADS Journal of Biological Research & Applied Sciences ◽

10.37962/jbas.v10i2.200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 82-86

Author(s):

Mushtaq Hussain Lashari ◽

Sumbel Sumera ◽

Umer Farooq ◽

Zia Ur Rehman ◽

Nuzhat Sial ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Mean Value ◽

Heavy Smoker ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Control Light ◽

Heavy Smokers

Background: Health problem are culturally associated with smoking in developing countries. Many hazardous chemicals are taken up by direct or passive smoking causing lipid peroxidation resulting in oxidative stress. Objectives: To estimate the occurrence of smoking and its effects on the lipid profile in populations of Hasilpur, Pakistan. Methodology: The current study was conducted from April - August 2014. Out of 247 apparently healthy subjects of both genders (male=220; female=27), 134 were smokers and 113 were non-smokers. In order to analyze lipid profile, blood samples were collected in early morning hours from the selected members who were asked to fast all night. By using Chem-100 chemistry analyzer, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL were analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of smokers was 54.25%. The results showed 60.9% prevalence in males and 0% in females. The mean value of serum triglyceride in control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 147.4±11.7mg/dl, 190.8±41.4 and 205.3±29.7mg/dl, respectively. The results of cholesterol in control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 147.38±7.99mg/dl, 136.8 ±12. 8mg/dl and 173.44±8.63mg/dl, respectively. There was a considerable distinction in the mean level of serum triglyceride and cholesterol between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<00.5). The mean value of HDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 30.93±1.30mg/dl, 31.10±2.45 and 34.58±1.55mg/dl, respectively. The mean values of LDL and VLDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 110.46±3.63mg/dl, 106.00±4.52mg/dl, 117.19±3.48mg/dl and 33.54±3.11mg/dl, 49±9.02mg/dl, 41.06±5.34mg/dl, respectively. There was significant difference in the mean level of HDL, LDL and VLDL between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that smoking is the reasons of variation in the lipid profile. Elevated period of smoking and the number of smoked cigarettes/day reason the alteration in serum lipid levels and is probably related with increased danger for coronary artery disease.

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