A ten-year epidemiology of cancers managed at the hematology and oncology unit of a Haitian tertiary hospital from 2006 to 2015.

e13061 Background: The recent epidemiology of cancers in Haiti is poorly known, since there is no national cancer registry. The data from GLOBOCAN 2012 are estimations that do not reflect the real cancer epidemiology in countries such as Haiti. The aim of this study was to determine the ten-year epidemiology of cancer cases managed at a Haitian tertiary hospital. Methods: A retrospective study based on the chart review of cancer cases aged 18 years old or more with histologic diagnosis was conducted at the Hematology and Oncology Unit of the State University Hospital of Haiti (HUEH) from 2006 to 2015. Variables such as age, gender, year of diagnosis and cancer type were collected. Results: Eight hundred seventy-five cancer cases out of 1191 (73.47%) were selected for this study. The mean age of the study population is 51 years-old [18 – 91] and there were 13.6% males and 86.4% females. Breast cancer is the most common type (70.74% [95% CI, 67.58% - 73.71%]) followed by gastrointestinal cancers (5.6% [95% CI, 4.21% - 7.39%]), leukemias/multiple myeloma (4.69% [95% CI, 3.43% - 6.36%]), skin cancers (4.57% [95% CI, 3.32% - 6.23%]), gynecological cancers (4% [95% CI, 2.84% - 5.58%]), lymphomas (3.77% [95% CI, 2.65% - 5.31%]), sarcomas (3.31% [95% CI, 2.27% - 4.78%]) and ear, nose and throat (ENT) cancers (1.14% [95% CI, 0.58% - 2.16%]). Breast cancer is the most common type among women (80.6%) and the gastrointestinal cancers the most diagnosed among men (21.9%). Conclusions: Breast cancer is by far the most prevalent cancer in this retrospective cohort. Gynecological and lung cancers are underestimated and urology cancers not represented in this sample possibly because they are not systematically referred to the unit.This study can hopefully lead to more advocacy for all patients to be evaluated at the Hematology and Oncology Unit for a better management.

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A three-year epidemiological profile of cancers managed by a Haitian cancer program from 2016 to 2018.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e13079 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e13079-e13079 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joseph Bernard ◽

Lynn Gabrielle Alexis ◽

Lenz Sacha Christyl Pierre ◽

Vincent DeGennaro

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Common Type ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽

Acute Leukemias ◽

Cancer Program ◽

Urological Cancers ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Cancer Clinic

e13079 Background: The recent epidemiology of cancers in Haiti is poorly understood, since there is no functional national cancer registry. The data from GLOBOCAN 2012 and 2018 are estimations that do not reflect the actual cancer burden in Haiti. The aim of this study was to present the three-year epidemiology of cancer cases managed by a cancer program in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients aged 15 years old or more with pathological and/or clinical diagnosis at the cancer clinic of Innovating Health International (IHI) from January 2016 to December 2018. The chart review collected variables such as age, gender, date of diagnosis, cancer type and outcome to present this epidemiological profile of cancers. Results: One thousand four hundred and eighty-one (1481) cancer cases were managed during this study period, respectively 282 in 2016, 513 in 2017 and 686 in 2018 (p < 0.001). 84% of the patients were female and 16% male. The mean age of the study population was 51.8 years [15 –92], ranging from 51.7 years in 2016 to 52.1 years in 2018 (p = 0.56). Adolescents and young adults (15-39 years old) represented 20.9% of this cohort and geriatric cases (≥ 65 years old) 19.6%. Breast cancer was the most common type (n = 686, 46.3%), followed by gynecological cancers (n = 330, 22.3%) with cervical cancer representing 70.9% of the cases, gastrointestinal cancers (n = 138, 9.3%), hematological malignancies (n = 75, 5.1%), head and neck cancers (n = 64, 4.3%), sarcomas (n = 40, 2.7%), urological cancers (n = 32, 2.2%), skin cancers including melanoma (n = 29, 2%), lung cancer (n = 13, 0.9%), thyroid cancer (n = 10, 0.7%) and central nervous system (CNS) cancers (n = 2, 0.1%). 4.2% of the patients (n = 62) had a cancer of unknown primary (CUP). Breast cancer was the most common type among women (54.7%) and gastrointestinal cancers the most diagnosed among men (25.3%). There was a predominance of women for most of the cancer types. The overall mortality rate was 31% and 8.6% of the patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: There was a significant increase of cancer cases in our cancer clinic from 2016 to 2018, likely due to a combination of our cancer awareness campaign, increased diagnosis and referral. Cancer mainly affects Haiti’s young, feminine and active population. Breast and cervical cancers were the most prevalent in this retrospective cohort. The under-representation of prostate and other urological cancers, lung cancer, acute leukemias and CNS cancers was likely due to underdiagnosis, misdiagnosis, under-referral or early mortality.

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Inflammatory breast cancer in Morocco: Experience of Hassan II University Hospital.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e11516 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e11516-e11516 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khaoula Daoudi ◽

Sami Aziz Brahmi ◽

Lamie Boudahna ◽

Fatima Zahra Hijri ◽

Nezar Bouyahia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Inflammatory Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Tnm Classification ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Pathological Response ◽

University Hospital ◽

Western Countries ◽

Response To Chemotherapy ◽

Oncology Unit

e11516 Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most virulent type of breast cancer. It represents 1 to 6% of all the breast cancer in Western countries. It is speculated that the incidence of IBC is greater in emerging countries especially in North Africa. The management of this disease requires a multidisciplinary. Methods: We recorded the cases of 80 patients with IBC admitted in the Medical Oncology Unit between January 2007 and August 2011. We included patients with IBC classified as T4d using criteria based on the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification . The aims of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and therapeutic aspects of this disease. Results: The median age of our patients was 44.5 years ranged from 24 to 88 years. The incidence of IBC in our study was 7.8%. The lymph node involvement was noted in 60% distributed as following: N0 in 40%, N1 in 30%, N2 in 19%, N3 in 11%. For histology, ductal carcinoma represents 96% of all cases. Human epithelial receptor 2 (HER 2) was positive in 32% of the cases. Hormonal receptors were negative in 22% of the cases. The grade of the tumor according to the Scarff Bloom Richardson classification was as following: grade I ( 2.5%), grade II (52%), grade III (45.5%). All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 45% received chemotherapy with anthracyclines, 35% were treated with docetaxel and anthracycline and 10% with the association chemotherapy Trastuzumab. According to RECIST classification, a partial or total clinical response was noted in 80% of cases, 10% of patients had stability, and 10% clinical progression. According to Sattalof classification, a histological response greater than 50% in the tumor (TB) was noted in 45%. A complete pathological response (TANA or TANB) was obtained in 15% of cases. After a median follow up of 2 years 35% of the patients had a metastatic or locoregional reccurence, 45% of the cases remain in complete remission. Conclusions: The result of our study is concordant with the litterature. The incidence of IBC was greater than the incidence in western countries. The IBC was also associated with high grade and younger age. Despite a good clinical and pathological response to chemotherapy, outcomes were poor.

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Effect of Formalin Fixation on Surgical Margins in Breast Cancer Surgical Specimen

International Journal of Breast Cancer ◽

10.1155/2014/121838 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Masooma Zaidi ◽

Shaista Khan ◽

Najiha Bilal Farooqi ◽

Kashif Abbas ◽

Romana Idrees

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Surgical Margin ◽

Surgical Margins ◽

Formalin Fixation ◽

University Hospital ◽

Postoperative Treatment ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Free Margin ◽

The Mean

Margin analysis in breast surgery is an important predictor of local recurrence and can have vital impact on the postoperative treatment planning.Objective. The aim was to assess the mean reduction in the closest tumor-free surgical margin in millimeters of breast cancer specimens following formalin fixation.Materials and Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Aga Khan University Hospital from March 30, 2010 to January 20, 2011. One hundred consecutive breast tumour surgical specimens which had macroscopically visible tumour were included. The cancer type included both in situ and invasive cancers. Excluded were the patients who had previous surgery or systemic/radiation therapy. The closest tumor-free margin was recorded and compared with the margin after formalin fixation.Pvalue of <0.05 was considered significant.Results. The mean age of our 100 patients was 53 years with the majority of the patients having undergone mastectomy for predominantly invasive ductal carcinoma. Following formalin fixation, the mean reduction of the closest tumor-free margin was noted as 2.14 mm which was found statistically significant.Conclusion. Considerable shrinkage of tumor-free surgical margins of breast cancer specimen was noted after formalin fixation. This inference can have implications on the postoperative management plan.

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Breast Cancer Resistance Protein: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer

Current Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1389450121999201125200132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Sonali Mehendale-Munj

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Resistance Protein ◽

Protein A ◽

The Body ◽

Cancer Therapies ◽

Cancer Resistance ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Resistance Protein ◽

Atp Regulation ◽

Treatment Procedures

: Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) is an efflux transporter responsible for causing multidrug re-sistance(MDR). It is known to expel many potent antineoplastic drugs, owing to its efflux function. Efflux of chemothera-peutics because of BCRP develops resistance to manydrugs, leading to failure in cancer treatment. BCRP plays an important role in physiology by protecting the organism from xenobiotics and other toxins. It is a half-transporter affiliated to theATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transporters, encoded by the gene ABCG2 and functions in response to adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Regulation of BCRP expression is critically controlled at molecular levels which help in maintaining the balance of xenobiotics and nutrients inside the body. Expression of BCRP can be found in brain, liver, lung cancers and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, it is also expressed at high levels in stem cells and many cell lines. This frequent expression of BCRP has an impact on the treatment procedures and if not scrutinized may lead to failure of many cancer therapies.

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Small Molecular Leads Differentially Active Against HER2 Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406414666181106143912 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 738-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adnan Badran ◽

Atia-tul-Wahab ◽

Sharmeen Fayyaz ◽

Elias Baydoun ◽

Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Breast Cancer Cell ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Type

Background:Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer type in women globally. It is characterized by distinct subtypes depending on different gene expression patterns. Oncogene HER2 is expressed on the surface of cell and is responsible for cell growth regulation. Increase in HER2 receptor protein due to gene amplification, results in aggressive growth, and high metastasis in cancer cells.Methods:The current study evaluates and compares the anti-breast cancer effect of commercially available compounds against HER2 overexpressing BT-474, and triple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.Results:Preliminary in vitro cell viability assays on these cell lines identified 6 lead molecules active against breast cancer. Convallatoxin (4), a steroidal lactone glycoside, showed the most potent activity with IC50 values of 0.63 ± 0.56, and 0.69 ± 0.59 µM against BT-474 and MDA-MB-231, respectively, whereas 4-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy] phenol (3) a phenol derivative, and Reserpine (5) an indole alkaloid selectively inhibited the growth of BT-474, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, respectively.Conclusion:These results exhibited the potential of small molecules in the treatment of HER2 amplified and triple negative breast cancers in vitro.

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Recent Discoveries of Macromolecule- and Cell-Based Biomarkers and Therapeutic Implications in Breast Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22020636 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 636

Author(s):

Hsing-Ju Wu ◽

Pei-Yi Chu

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Normal Breast ◽

New Drugs ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Luminal A ◽

Luminal B ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Whole Cells ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Novel Biomarkers

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Breast cancer is fairly heterogeneous and reveals six molecular subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2+, basal-like subtype (ER−, PR−, and HER2−), normal breast-like, and claudin-low. Breast cancer screening and early diagnosis play critical roles in improving therapeutic outcomes and prognosis. Mammography is currently the main commercially available detection method for breast cancer; however, it has numerous limitations. Therefore, reliable noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are required. Biomarkers used in cancer range from macromolecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, to whole cells. Biomarkers for cancer risk, diagnosis, proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and prognosis have been identified in breast cancer. In addition, there is currently a greater demand for personalized or precise treatments; moreover, the identification of novel biomarkers to further the development of new drugs is urgently needed. In this review, we summarize and focus on the recent discoveries of promising macromolecules and cell-based biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer and provide implications for therapeutic strategies.

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Recommendation and Acceptance of Counselling for Familial Cancer Risk in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Cases

Breast Care ◽

10.1159/000517021 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Karin Kast ◽

Julia Häfner ◽

Evelin Schröck ◽

Arne Jahn ◽

Carmen Werner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Genetic Counselling ◽

Primary Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Familial Cancer ◽

University Hospital ◽

Tumor Board ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Familial Cancer Risk

Background: In clinical routine, not every patient who is offered genetic counselling and diagnostics in order to investigate a familial cancer risk predisposition opts for it. Little is known about acceptance of counselling and testing in newly diagnosed breast cancer cases in Germany. Methods: All primary breast cancer cases and patients with DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ) treated at the University Hospital of Dresden between 2016 and 2019 were included. The number of tumor board recommendations for genetic counselling on the basis of the GC-HBOC risk criteria was recorded. Acceptance was analyzed by number of cases with counselling in the GC-HBOC-Center Dresden. Results: Of 996 primary breast cancer and DCIS cases, 262 (26.3%) were eligible for genetic counselling. Recommendation for genetic counselling was accepted by 64.1% (168/262). Of these 90.5% (152/168) opted for molecular genetic analysis. The acceptance rate for counselling increased between 2016 and 2019 from 58.3 to 72.6%. Altogether, 20.4% (31/152) patients were found to carry a pathogenic variant in the breast cancer genes BRCA1 or BRCA2. Conclusion: Acceptance of recommendation is increasing as clinical consequences augment. Optimization in providing information about hereditary cancer risk and in accessibility of counselling and testing is required to further improve acceptance of recommendation.

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Postoperative opioids and risk of respiratory depression – A cross-sectional evaluation of routines for administration and monitoring in a tertiary hospital

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1515/sjpain-2020-0060 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Karoline Kolås Andersen ◽

Gunnvald Kvarstein

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Depression ◽

Patient Monitoring ◽

Current Practice ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

University Hospital ◽

Post Anesthesia Care Unit ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Routes Of Administration ◽

Surgical Ward ◽

Cross Sectional Design

AbstractObjectivesOpioids are the most potent analgesics in the treatment of postoperative pain. Respiratory depression is, however, a serious side effect. The aims of this study were to evaluate current practice and routines for post-operative administration of opioids in a Norwegian university hospital and to evaluate whether the clinical safeguards adequately protected patients’ safety regarding risk of respiratory depression.MethodsThe study had a retrospective cross-sectional design and included 200 patients, treated with opioids postoperatively. The patients were treated in a post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) before transferal to a surgical ward. Relevant data such as opioid dosages, routes of administration, sedation and respiratory function, routines for patient monitoring, and numbers of patients with opioid induced respiratory depression was collected.ResultsTwo patients (1%) developed respiratory depression that needed naloxone to reverse the effect, and 32 patients (16%) had a respiratory rate (RR) <10/min, which may have been caused by opioids. In the PACU, the patient’s RR was evaluated on a routine base, but after transferal to a surgical ward RR documented in only 7% of the patients.ConclusionsThe lack of routines for patient monitoring, especially RR, represented a risk of not detecting opioid induced respiratory depression.

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The association between XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 34 case–control studies

BMC Medical Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12920-021-00965-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Weiqing Liu ◽

Shumin Ma ◽

Lei Liang ◽

Zhiyong Kou ◽

Hongbin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Large Scale ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Studies on the XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism show that this polymorphism is involved in a variety of cancers, but its specific relationships or effects are not consistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between rs1799794 polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer. Methods PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for eligible studies through June 11, 2019. All analyses were performed with Stata 14.0. Subgroup analyses were performed by cancer type, ethnicity, source of control, and detection method. A total of 37 studies with 23,537 cases and 30,649 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Results XRCC3 rs1799794 increased cancer risk in the dominant model and heterozygous model (GG + AG vs. AA: odds ratio [OR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00–1.08, P = 0.051; AG vs. AA: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.00–1.01, P = 0.015). The existence of rs1799794 increased the risk of breast cancer and thyroid cancer, but reduced the risk of ovarian cancer. In addition, rs1799794 increased the risk of cancer in the Caucasian population. Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms that XRCC3 rs1799794 is related to cancer risk, especially increased risk for breast cancer and thyroid cancer and reduced risk for ovarian cancer. However, well-designed large-scale studies are required to further evaluate the results.

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Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of breast fibromatosis: a case report

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211010619 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 030006052110106

Author(s):

Shanhong Lin ◽

Yong Cao ◽

Libin Chen ◽

Mei Chen ◽

Shengmin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Rare Case ◽

Common Type ◽

Breast Lesions ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽

High Similarity ◽

Potential Value ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Malignant Breast ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography

We herein present a rare case of breast fibromatosis, the contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) findings of which we believe have never been described. The high similarity between the clinical and imaging manifestations of breast cancer makes its differential diagnosis difficult. In this report, we describe the CEUS findings of a less common type of fibromatosis, discuss the potential value of CEUS to differentiate it from malignant breast lesions, and briefly review the literature.

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