Differential risk factors between uterine sarcomas and malignant mixed Müllerian tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23551-e23551
Author(s):  
Caroline Hana ◽  
Philippos Apolinario Costa ◽  
Gina Z. D'Amato ◽  
Jonathan C. Trent

e23551 Background: Uterine sarcomas are malignant tumors of the smooth muscle or connective tissue of the uterus. Its main histological types are leiomyosarcomas and endometrial stromal sarcomas, with recent classifications considering malignant mixed müllerian tumors (MMMT) as a dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma rather than a primary uterine sarcoma. We hypothesize there are different risk factors which predispose to MMMT as compared to uterine sarcomas. This study investigates these risk factors to determine if they contribute to the development of either disease. Methods: Under an IRB-approved protocol, we identified patients with uterine sarcomas and MMMT treated at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and University of Miami Hospital between 2010 and 2020 by Patient Atlas (clinical database tool; Miami, FL). We compared the risk factors known to be associated with endometrial carcinomas between uterine sarcomas and MMMT using independent sample t-test, Chi Square, Spearman Rho and Pearson correlation. Results: A total of 59 patients with MMMT and 115 cases of uterine sarcoma were identified in our database. In the sarcoma group, the most common histology was leiomyosarcoma (n = 76, 66%). Upon analysis of the characteristics of the sarcoma and MMMT cohorts respectively, 38 (33%) vs 16 (27%) were Hispanics, 18 (15%) vs 13 (22%) had diabetes, 26 (22%) vs 20 (34%) used contraception or hormonal replacement therapy (HRT), 35 (30%) vs 17 (28%) were alcohol users, 26 (22%) vs 15 (25%) were smokers, and 54 (47%) vs 31 (52%) had a positive family history of cancer, with no statistically significant differences found (p > 0.05). The sarcoma group had a significantly lower age at diagnosis (AAD) (53 vs. 65, P < 0.001) and a larger tumor size (11.3 vs. 7.3 cm, p < 0.0005). Use of contraception or HRT was not significantly different among the 2 groups (χ(1) = 0.699, p = 0.4). Similarly, no significant difference was found in the mean age of menarche/menopause, patient’s weight, median gravidity and parity (p > 0.05). The patient’s weight and BMI negatively correlated with the AAD in the MMMT group (ρ = - 0.279, p = 0.043 and r = -0.274, p = 0.041 respectively). Older age at menopause was associated with older AAD in the sarcoma group (ρ = 0.571, p = 0.0001). Patients with higher gravidity and parity had an older AAD among the 2 groups (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The uterine sarcoma patients had significantly younger AAD than the MMMT group, with the age at menopause being positively correlated with the AAD. The use of contraception or HRT were not significantly different among the 2 cohorts, suggesting that there could be an overlap of the risk factors of MMMT and uterine sarcomas. Interestingly, higher gravidity and parity were associated with an older AAD. In the MMMT group, patient’s weight and BMI were inversely associated with the AAD. Larger studies are needed to investigate whether similarities or discrepancies in the studied risk factors truly exist.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13056-e13056
Author(s):  
Michael Grimm ◽  
Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy ◽  
Maryam B. Lustberg ◽  
Robert Wesolowski ◽  
Sagar D. Sardesai ◽  
...  

e13056 Background: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for only 10-15% of all invasive breast cancers but has distinct clinicopathologic characteristics and genomic profiles. In particular, metastatic lobular cancers (mILC) have unique sites of metastasis and it is unclear if the response to initial endocrine therapy differs from metastatic ductal cancers (mIDC). Therefore we have undertaken a single-institution, retrospective analysis to compare overall outcomes and response to initial endocrine therapy (ET) in patients (pts) with metastatic ILC and IDC. Methods: An IRB approved retrospective review of medical records was conducted evaluating pts treated for metastatic IDC and ILC at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2014. Pts diagnosed with mIDC were matched on age, year of diagnosis, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor and HER2 status and site of metastasis 2:1 to patients diagnosed with mILC. Overall survival (OS) was defined as the time from metastasis to death or last known follow-up. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as time from metastasis to progression on first-line ET. Time to chemotherapy (TTC) was defined as time from starting ET for metastasis to initiation of chemotherapy. Kaplan Meier (KM) methods were used to calculate median OS, PFS and TTC. Results: A total of one hundred sixty one pts with metastatic breast cancer were included in this analysis. The demographic features between the two groups were well balanced and included in the table below. The median OS was 2.6 yrs (95% CI: 1.55, 3.22) for mILC and 2.2 yrs (95% CI: 1.95, 2.62) for mIDC. A subset of 111 patients who started on endocrine therapy were used in the PFS and TTC analyses. The median PFS following first-line ET was 2.2 yrs (95% CI: 0.1.0, 2.7) for mILC and 1.4 yrs (95% CI: 0.91, 1.90) for mIDC. Median TTC was 2.1 yrs (95% CI: 1.71, 4.92) for mILC and 2.4 yrs (95% CI: 1.90, 4.77) for mIDC. There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between the two groups. Conclusions: Outcomes in patients with ILC and IDC have been varied, with several studies reporting that patients with ILC have worse outcomes and response to chemotherapy. Our retrospective study examining outcomes in mILC in comparison with mIDC showed no difference in OS. Given the concern of resistance to conventional therapies in patients with lobular cancers, it is reassuring to see that the median PFS on first line ET and TTC was similar to metastatic ductal cancers.[Table: see text]


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1645-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie K Clark ◽  
Lisa M Anselmo

Pemetrexed is a multitargeted antifolate indicated for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cutaneous reactions are associated with pemetrexed use. Pemetrexed prescribing information recommends oral dexamethasone 4 mg twice daily for three days starting the day before pemetrexed infusion to prevent cutaneous reactions. Patients receive intravenous dexamethasone before pemetrexed infusion at the University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, but the oral dexamethasone recommendation is not always followed. The objective of this study was to determine if there is a difference between patients who received three days of oral dexamethasone starting the day before pemetrexed infusion and patients who did not by determining incidence of cutaneous reactions, delay in therapy, and therapy change due to adverse reactions. Eighty-five patients received at least one dose of pemetrexed between August 1, 2012 and August 31, 2017. Twenty-nine patients did not receive three days of oral dexamethasone 4 mg twice daily and 56 patients did (34.1% vs. 65.9%). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of cutaneous reactions between the intervention group and the control group (13.8% vs. 25.0%; p = 0.384), delay in pemetrexed therapy between groups (44.8% vs. 32.1%; p = 0.2), or therapy change due to adverse events (34.5% vs. 23.2%; p = 0.654). Results suggest three days of oral dexamethasone 4 mg twice daily did not significantly affect incidence rates of cutaneous reactions, delay in therapy, or therapy change in patients who received intravenous dexamethasone before pemetrexed infusion at University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center.


Author(s):  
Anita Liput-Sikora ◽  
Anna Cybulska ◽  
Wiesława Fabian ◽  
Anna Fabian-Danielewska ◽  
Marzanna Stanisławska ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease (hypertension, overweight, obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, a positive family history, a lack of physical activity), and to estimate the risk of a cardiovascular incident according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm for patients aged 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 years, included in a primary-care prevention program, with regard to selected variables (sex and age brackets). The study sample consisted of 2009 subjects, 63% of whom were women. The largest group was the group of 35-year-olds (27%). The research method was the analysis of medical documentation of primary-care patients living in West Pomerania included in the Program of Prevention and Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease of the National Health Fund. We collected data concerning risk factors for cardiovascular disease, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements (arm circumference, waist circumference, height, weight), body mass index (BMI), and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and fasting glucose, as well as the SCORE results. Men more often than women were overweight and obese, had hyperglycemia, and had elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (p < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference in the odds of a cardiovascular incident (p < 0.001)—the SCORE results obtained by men were higher. Men require special preventive measures in order to reduce their risk factors for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight, obesity, smoking, and a positive family history.


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83E-100E ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa L. Shah ◽  
Yelena Perkhounkova ◽  
Sandra Daack-Hirsch

Background and Purpose: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Perception of Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes (PRF-T2DM), an instrument designed to measure awareness and vulnerability to diabetes and diabetes risk factors. Methods: 248 individuals at increased risk for diabetes because of a positive family history completed the PRF-T2DM. The factor-structure, internal consistency reliability, and construct validity of the PRF-T2DM were examined. Results: The 2-factor structure of the PRFT2DM was a good fit to our data. Overall Cronbach's alpha was .68. Pearson correlation between PRF-T2DM score and overall risk perception was significant (r = .26, p < .001). Replies to individual items supported the validity of the PRF-T2DM. Conclusion: The PRF-T2DM performed modestly in this population. Refinement in scoring and score interpretation may improve reliability and validity of the instrument.


2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1124-1124
Author(s):  
Akshara Raghavendra ◽  
Charite Nicolette Ricker ◽  
Lingyun Ji ◽  
Terry Church ◽  
Sujie Tang ◽  
...  

1124 Background: For patients diagnosed with breast cancer, case series have shown that staging MRI can detect occult breast cancers in 1-10% of cases. Prevalence and risk factors in underserved populations remain unclear. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients, newly diagnosed, with breast cancer who had a preoperative staging MRI seen at Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and LAC +USC, that cares for an underserved and minority population, from 2006 to 2011. Demographic, clinicopathologic and imaging data were obtained through a review of electronic records. Non index lesions were defined as those not known to be malignant, not presenting with clinical, mammographic or ultrasound findings, in a different quadrant and given an MRI BIRADS score of 4 or 5. Results: A total of 718 patients were analyzed and 148 patients (21%) had a total of 187 non index lesions; 63% were ipsilateral, 26% contralateral and 11% bilateral. As initial evaluation of non-index ipsilateral lesions, 71 (38%) had biopsy, 24 (13%) had excision and 34 (18%) had mastectomy. For contralateral non-index lesions, 41 (22%) had contralateral biopsy, 6 (3%) had excision and 11(6%) had mastectomy. Among all non index lesions, 111 (59%) were benign, 14 (7%) DCIS and 62 (33%) invasive cancer. Occult ipsilateral cancer was detected in 50 (6.9%) of patients and contralateral in 10 (1.4%) and bilateral in 6 (0.8%). Conclusions: The occult cancer detection rate with staging MRI was in this 9.2% of this diverse population. No clear risk factors were identified, with detailed factors, including BRCA status to be updated and reanalyzed. [Table: see text]


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 463-463
Author(s):  
Chad Michael Guenther ◽  
Nizar Bhulani ◽  
Adam Korenke ◽  
Jenny Jing Li ◽  
Leticia Khosama ◽  
...  

463 Background: FOLFIRINOX therapy is associated with improved outcome in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. The regimen can be associated with significant toxicity and empiric dose modifications are often used. We analyzed 1) real-world prescribing patterns of FOLFIRINOX and 2) toxicity of therapy. Methods: Patients undergoing FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy at an academic, NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center were identified and electronic medical records reviewed. Patients who received at least one dose of FOLFIRINOX were included. Chemotherapy dose, growth factor use and toxicity data was abstracted for the first 8 weeks. ‘Standard FOLFIRNOX’ was defined as the regimen utilized by Conroy et al (NEJM 2011). Any empiric reduction/withholding of drug dose for cycle 1 was classified as ‘modified FOLFIRINOX’. Bivariate analysis was performed on the data. Results: There were 111 patients seen between 5/2011-3/2017 and 94% had pancreatic cancer. Age range was 29-87 years and 52% were female. 59% received ‘modified FOLFIRINOX’ and 20% received empiric growth factors. Line of therapy for standard vs modified respectively was 71.1% vs 45.5% for 1st, 17.8% vs 36.4% for 2nd, and 11.1% vs 18.2% for beyond 2nd (p = 0.03). Patients with ‘modified FOLFIRINOX’ were more likely to have metastatic disease (p = 0.01), have received second line or beyond, and higher ECOG score (p = 0.03). Patients with ‘modified FOLFIRINOX’ had a trend toward fewer treatment-related ED visits or hospitalization vs ‘standard FOLFIRINOX’ (27.2% vs 42.2% p = 0.10) and fewer treatment delays (25.8% vs 42.2% p = 0.07). Conclusions: In the real world setting, a majority of patients on FOLFIRINOX receive empiric dose modifications. Although modified dose did not translate to a significant difference in ED visits, hospitalizations or treatment delays, there was a trend toward fewer events.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23540-e23540
Author(s):  
Caroline Hana ◽  
Gina Z. D'Amato

e23540 Background: Uterine sarcomas are rare and aggressive malignant tumors that arise from the smooth muscle or connective tissue cells of the uterus. They account for approximately 1% of the female tract malignancies and 3% of all malignant tumors of the uterus. The risk factors that would predispose to uterine sarcomas have always been unknown, with no clear correlation with specific etiologies. This review is to investigate the risk factors that have been looked at by prior studies to have a better understanding of the population at higher risk for uterine sarcomas. Methods: A total of 88 studies were obtained via Pubmed search. The search terms included: Uterus, sarcoma, and risk factors. We also included reviews with the following mesh terms: Uterus, Sarcoma, Etiology and factors. We reviewed studies in English (n = 75) and French (n = 4) languages, human studies and comprising adults. We included only studies with electronic copies. Retrospective, case-control studies and systematic reviews were included. Results: Of the 88 studies, 18 mentioned risk factors and demographic characteristics of the population with uterine sarcomas. Some studies have shown an association with the tumor size – especially more than or equal to 8cm-, uterine weight, patient’s age being > 45-50 years old, age at menarche, obesity, tamoxifen use, previous pelvic irradiation, as well as genetic associations. Mixed evidence has been found regarding the role of the ethnicity, age at menopause, age at first live birth and exogenous estrogen use. Breast cancer has been linked to more aggressive histologic cell types. Conclusions: Given its relatively rare incidence, uterine sarcoma has been mysterious in regards to its risk factors. The results of this review highlight the need for further studies to investigate the risk factors and exposures that may lead to development of uterine sarcomas, as well as linking them to the different histologic types.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira M. Shalaby ◽  
Amira F. EL-Gazzar

Abstract Background: Congenital anomalies (CA) are common causes of infant’s and childhood deaths and disability. Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence, describe the types and risk factors of congenital anomalies among newborns admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a Children's Hospital. Study design: It is a prospective observational study(analytic cross sectional study) was performed and screening of the newborn admitted at NICU of a Children's Hospital during the period of 6 months from 1 to 12-2017 to the end of 5-2018. The sample was 346 newborns, 173 cases and 173 control. We collected data using a record checklist and an interviewing questionnaire.Results: There were a significant difference between cases and control concerning gestational age (P=0.001), single or multiple babies (P=0.002), residence (P=0.001), consanguineous marriage (P=0.01) and family history of unfavorable outcome (P=0.001). We also found that the most common type of congenital anomalies was gastrointestinal anomalies 63 cases (36.4%) with tracheoesophageal fistula 17 cases (27%) being the most common GIT anomalies. Then the musculoskeletal anomalies being the second common anomalies 14.5% with diaphragmatic hernia 10 cases being the most common in musculoskeletal anomalies followed by other anomalies (22 multiple +1Conjoined Twins 23 cases (13.3%) followed by circulatory anomalies 22 cases (12.7%), followed by CNS anomalies 18 cases (10%). Conclusion: The prevalence of congenital anomalies was 22.97%. The most common anomalies were gastrointestinal anomalies (GIT), musculoskeletal anomalies, multiple anomalies and circulatory system anomalies. The risk factors were consanguineous marriage, positive family history, urban areas, full-term and singleton pregnancies.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248205
Author(s):  
Martina Aida Angeles ◽  
Carlos Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Mathilde Del ◽  
Federico Migliorelli ◽  
Manon Daix ◽  
...  

Background Gastric perforation after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is an infrequent complication. There is lack of evidence regarding the risk factors for this postoperative complication. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of postoperative gastric perforation in patients undergoing CRS for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) and to evaluate risk factors predisposing to this complication. Methods We designed a unicentric retrospective study to identify all patients who underwent an open upfront or interval CRS after a primary diagnosis of PC of different origins between March 2007 and December 2018 at a French Comprehensive Cancer Center. The main outcome was the occurrence of postoperative gastric perforation. Results Five hundred thirty-three patients underwent a CRS for PC during the study period and 13 (2.4%) presented a postoperative gastric perforation with a mortality rate of 23% (3/13). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 283 (53.1%) patients and 99 (18.6%) received hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). In the univariate analysis, body mass index (BMI), peritoneal cancer index, splenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, and histology were significantly associated with postoperative gastric perforation. After multivariate analysis, BMI (OR [95%CI] = 1.13 [1.05–1.22], p = 0.002) and splenectomy (OR [95%CI] = 26.65 [1.39–509.67], p = 0.029) remained significantly related to the primary outcome. Conclusions Gastric perforation after CRS is a rare event with a high rate of mortality. While splenectomy and increased BMI are risk factors associated with this complication, HIPEC does not seem to be related. Gastric perforation is probably an ischemic complication due to a multifactorial process. Preventive measures such as preservation of the gastroepiploic arcade and prophylactic suture of the greater gastric curvature require further assessment.


2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 21035-21035
Author(s):  
A. S. The ◽  
V. Reddy ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
R. Davis ◽  
M. Baird ◽  
...  

21035 Background: SEER registry data indicate African Americans (AA) have a lower incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) but face higher lymphoma-specific mortality rates than Caucasians (C). To investigate this we compared outcomes between AA & C patients (pts) with DLBCL treated at UAB CCC. Correlative histologic & molecular studies of established prognostic features were performed to investigate differences. Methods: After IRB approval, DLBCL pts diagnosed '95-'06 were identified from pathology & referral databases. Baseline demographic & clinical data were extracted, including treatment (Rx), response & survival. Expression patterns of CD10, bcl-6, & MUM-1 were used to identify germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) vs non-GCB molecular subtype of DLBCL based on algorithm of Hans et al (2004). HLA-DR, bcl-2, & CD138 expression was determined. A 2:1 age- & gender-matched comparison of C to A pts was performed to evaluate differences. Descriptive analysis with X2 & Wilcoxon nonparametric tests & Kaplan Meier survival analysis were performed to determine differences. Results: 188 DLBCL patients were identified. Race was noted in 129, including 18 AA pts (14%). In comparison to 36 C pts (2:1 match), no differences were seen in LDH or stage at presentation. AA pts achieved better response to 1st-line Rx (p=0.01) & received fewer regimens (1 vs >1, p=0.05), however they were more likely to receive rituximab with 1st-line Rx (p=0.02), likely reflecting presentation in the post-rituximab era. Median survival, not yet reached for AA's, was 23 months for C pts (p=0.0509). Univariate & parametric survival analyses demonstrated LDH (p=0.0217) & 1st-line rituximab (p=0.0048) independently affected survival. In a separate cohort, no significant difference between races was seen in frequency of GCB vs non-GCB subtype or in expression of bcl-2, CD-138, or HLA-DR. Conclusions: Contrary to SEER observations, the outcome of AA DLBCL pts was superior to C pts in this single center study. No molecular or clinical prognostic feature dominated in either race. The fact that more AA than C patients received rituximab upfront confirms the benefit of adding this agent to 1st-line Rx. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


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