Gastrointestinal cancer mortality rate global trends over the last century.

457 Gastrointestinal Cancer Mortality Rate Global Trends Over the Last Century Background: Global gastroenterology cancer mortality trends have drastically changed over past decades due to alterations in risk factors such as diet, populations, exposures, and medical advancements. This study investigates specifically how meat consumption, the biggest evolving risk factor for GI cancer mortality, has influenced various gastrointestinal incidence rates globally. Although the correlation between meat consumption and cancer risk has been investigated, a global temporal study investigating the national mortality rates of gastrointestinal cancers relating to meat production remains unexplored. We researched causes for the trends between meat production and GI cancer mortality in the USA, Canada, Japan, France, and Singapore. Methods: Cancer mortality data was collected from the WHO Cancer Mortality Database, specifically the IARC database. Meat consumption data was unavailable between the 1960s-2010, so meat production data was used and obtained from the FAOSTAT. Results: The pancreatic cancer mortality rate increased in each country except Canada. This spike is due to increased meat consumption, obesity, lack of screening modalities, poor prognosis, and late diagnosis of the disease. Canada’s 1% drop in mortality rate can be attributed to a decreased smoking rate amongst men (62% to 16% from 1965-2017) as well as a decline in meat consumption. The mortality rates of gastric and colorectal cancer (CRC) have decreased despite a meat production increase. Decreased H. pylori prevalence (Europe: 48.8% to 39.8%, North America: 42.4% to 26.6%, and Western Asia: 53.6% to 54.3%) , better food preservation, and improvement in environmental conditions have lowered gastric cancer incidence. The CRC mortality rate in the USA, Canada, Japan, and France decreased mostly due to colonoscopy screening measures, better treatment, and decreased red meat consumption. In Singapore, increased obesity and high caloric diets account for an increased CRC mortality rate despite decreased meat production. This rate is exacerbated by lower screening rates due to decreased CRC risk awareness. Conclusions: Gastric and CRC mortality rates decreased despite increased meat production, while pancreatic cancer incidence rates have increased. These trends are further investigated and necessary to understand to lower the mortality rates of GI cancers on a global scale.

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LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY IN THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – YUGRA

Siberian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.21294/1814-4861-2021-20-4-30-38 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 30-38

Author(s):

A. A. Mordovskii ◽

A. A. Aksarin ◽

A. M. Parsadanyan ◽

M. D. Ter-Ovanesov ◽

P. P. Troyan

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Lung Cancer Incidence ◽

Cross Correlation Analysis ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Khanty Mansi Autonomous

The aim of the study was to assess the lung cancer incidence and mortality in the Khanty-mansi autonomous okrug – Yugra during the period 1999–2019.Material and methods. We have studied the lung cancer incidence and mortality rates in Yugra over the last 21 years (1999–2019).Results. In Yugra, the lung cancer (lc) incidence rates increased by 24.7 % from 1999 to 2019, demonstrating higher rates than those in the Russian Federation (RF), where lc incidence rates decreased by 20.3 %. In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate was 30.5 per 100,000 (22.7 for RF); the age-standardized mortality rate was 16.4 per 100,000 (18.4 for RF). The mortality rate from lc in Yugra was 9.6 times higher in males than in females (35.5 vs. 3.7 per 100,000). The cross-correlation analysis revealed a correlation between the lc incidence/mortality and air pollution in Yugra. The main carcinogens in Yugra were formaldehyde, phenol, nitrogen dioxide, and benzapyrene. The assessment of the relationship between the age-standardized lc incidence/mortality rates and the amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere revealed that their synergistic effects with tobacco smoking can double the risk of lung cancer development. The increase in the number of chest computed tomography (ct) scans performed in the context of the pandemic caused by covid-19 infection led to an 18 % increase in the number of incidentally detected pulmonary nodules, of which 9 % of cases were diagnosed as lc.Conclusion. The lc incidence rates in Yugra tended to increase. The high rate of lc incidence is caused by man-made and natural factors, which requires the implementation of a screening program with the use of low-dose computed tomography in order to improve the early detection and prevention of this disease.

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Vitamin D has a greater impact on cancer mortality rates than on cancer incidence rates

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.g2862 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 348 (apr29 13) ◽

pp. g2862-g2862 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

W. B. Grant ◽

C. F. Garland

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Cancer Incidence Rates

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INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY OF CERVICAL CANCER IN THE OMSK REGION

Siberian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.21294/1814-4861-2019-18-5-12-17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 12-17

Author(s):

O. P. Goleva ◽

Z. B. Tasova ◽

O. P. Prudnikova

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Rural Populations ◽

Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Cervical Cancer Mortality

The purpose of the study was a comparative assessment of the cervical cancer incidence and mortality among females in urban and rural populations of the Omsk region.Material and Methods. The study included females aged over 18 years from urban and rural areas of the Omsk region. According to population-based cancer registry data for the period 2004–16, the crude cancer incidence and mortality rates in urban and rural populations were calculated. The variational and correlation analyzes were used, the differences were assessed using Student t-test.Results. During 2004–16, the cervical cancer incidence among females of the Omsk region showed an increasing tendency, reaching a peak incidence in women aged 35–54. Concerning the cervical cancer mortality rate, it tended to decrease. For rural females, the cervical cancer mortality rate decreased from 10.8 to 9.7 per 100,000 females (p>0.05). For urban females, the mortality rate decreased from 9.2 to 7.5 per 100,000 females (p>0.05). No significant differences in the mortality rates between urban and rural females were found (p>0.05). The tendency towards decreased incidence of advanced cervical cancer (the average decrease being 3.3 % for rural females and 2.8 % for urban females, p>0.05) and increased incidence of early stage cervical cancer (the average rise being 1.8 % and 1.9 %, respectively) was observed.Conclusion. In the Omsk region, the cervical cancer mortality rate for both rural and urban females showed a tendency to decrease. During the study period, the incidence of cervical cancer had increased; however the incidence of advanced cervical cancer had decreased.

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Geographical and socioeconomic inequalities in female breast cancer incidence and mortality in Iran: A Bayesian spatial analysis of registry data

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248723 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0248723

Author(s):

Shadi Rahimzadeh ◽

Beata Burczynska ◽

Alireza Ahmadvand ◽

Ali Sheidaei ◽

Sara Khademioureh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Breast Cancer Mortality ◽

Breast Cancer Incidence ◽

National Level ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Over Time

Background In Iran, trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality have generally been monitored at national level. The purpose of this study is to examine province-level disparities in age-standardised breast cancer incidence versus mortality from 2000 to 2010 and their association with socioeconomic status. Methods In this study, data from Iran’s national cancer and death registry systems, and covariates from census and household expenditure surveys were used. We estimated the age-standardised incidence and mortality rates in women aged more than 30 years for all 31 provinces in the consecutive time intervals 2000–2003, 2004–2007 and 2008–2010 using a Bayesian spatial model. Results Mean age-standardised breast cancer incidence across provinces increased over time from 15.0 per 100,000 people (95% credible interval 12.0,18.3) in 2000–2003 to 39.6 (34.5,45.1) in 2008–2010. The mean breast cancer mortality rate declined from 10.9 (8.3,13.8) to 9.9 (7.5,12.5) deaths per 100,000 people in the same period. When grouped by wealth index quintiles, provinces in the highest quintile had higher levels of incidence and mortality. In the wealthiest quintile, reductions in mortality over time were larger than those observed among provinces in the poorest quintile. Relative breast cancer mortality decreased by 16.7% in the highest quintile compared to 10.8% in the lowest quintile. Conclusions Breast cancer incidence has increased over time, with lower incidence in the poorest provinces likely driven by underdiagnoses or late-stage diagnosis. Although the reported mortality rate is still higher in wealthier provinces, the larger decline over time in these provinces indicates a possible future reversal, with the most deprived provinces having higher mortality rates. Ongoing analysis of incidence and mortality at sub-national level is crucial in addressing inequalities in healthcare systems and public health both in Iran and elsewhere.

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Trends in Pancreatic Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Lithuania, 1998–2015

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020949 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 949

Author(s):

Povilas Kavaliauskas ◽

Audrius Dulskas ◽

Inga Kildusiene ◽

Rokas Arlauskas ◽

Rimantas Stukas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Direct Method ◽

Tnm Classification ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Entire Study ◽

Cancer Of The Pancreas ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

First Time

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the time trends in the incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer for the period of 1998–2015 for the first time in Lithuania by sex, age, subsite, and stage. Methods: This study was based on all cases (deaths) of pancreatic cancer diagnosed between 1998 and 2015. Age-standardized incidence (mortality) rates and group-specific rates were calculated for each sex using the direct method (European Standard). TNM classification-based information reported to the cancer registry was grouped into three categories: (1) localized cancer: T1-3/N0/M0; (2) cancer with regional metastasis: any 1-3/N+/M0; (3) advanced cancer: any T/any N/M+. Joinpoint regression was used to provide annual percentage changes (APCs) and to detect points in time where statistically significant changes in the trends occurred. Results: Overall, 8514 pancreatic cancer cases (4364 in men and 3150 in women) were diagnosed and 7684 persons died from cancer of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer incidence rates were considerably lower for women than for men, with a female:male ratio of 1:2. Incidence rates changed during the study period from 14.2 in 1998 to 15.0/100,000 in the year 2015 in men, and from 6.7 to 9.8/100,000 in women. Incidence rates over the study period were stable for men (APC = 0.1%) and increasing for women by 1.1% per year. Similarly, mortality rates increased in women by 0.9% per year, and were stable in men. During the study period, incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer were close. For the entire study period, rates increased significantly in the 50–74 years age group; only cancer of the head of pancreas showed a decline by 0.9%, while tail and not-specified pancreatic cancer incidence increased by 11.4% and 4.51%, respectively. Conclusions: The increasing pancreatic cancer incidence trend in the Lithuanian population may be related to the prevalence of its main risk factors (smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, diet, and diabetes).

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PAPILLOMAVIRAL CARCINOGENESIS. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS AND CERTAIN CHALLENGES PART 2. HPV-ASSOCIATED CANCERS IN RUSSIA. PREVENTIVE HPV VACCINES

Russian Journal of Biotherapy ◽

10.17650/1726-9784-2019-19-2-31-38 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

G. M. Volgareva

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Penile Cancer ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Hpv Vaccines ◽

Men And Women ◽

Pharynx Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence Rates

Cervical cancer (CC) incidence rate made up about 5 % in overall women cancer incidence in Russia in 2015. CC morbidity rose by 24.47 % during 2005–2015. Despite the fact that aggregated standardized cancer mortality rates for both men and women during 2005–2015 declined, women CC mortality increased by 8.3 %. CC is the leading cancer mortality cause in women aged 30–39 years. Moreover growth of oral and pharynx cancer incidence rates in both genders as well as penile cancer in men all indicate to an unfavorable trend. The present Review part contains data on HPV-associated cancers in Russia, vertical HPV transition as well as preventive HPV vaccines.

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Influence of Diet and Tobacco Smoking on Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in Poland in 1960–2008

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2012/682156 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mirosław Jarosz ◽

Włodzimierz Sekuła ◽

Ewa Rychlik

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Red Meat ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Balance Sheets ◽

Animal Fats ◽

The Relationship ◽

Cancer Incidence Rates

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between pancreatic cancer incidence and selected dietary factors, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking in Poland in 1960–2008. Data on pancreatic cancer morbidity were derived from the National Cancer Registry and on food consumption from the national food balance sheets. In 1960–1989 correlations were found between pancreatic cancer incidence rates and energy (0.60 for males and 0.57 for females), cholesterol (0.87 and 0.80), fibre (−0.84 and −0.89) and folate (−0.45 and −0.49) intake, the consumption of total fats (0.94 and 0.91), animal fats (0,90 and 0,82), sugar (0.88 and 0.87), cereals (−0.93 and −0.91), and alcohol (0.86 and 0.82). In 1990–2008 morbidity correlated with the consumption of red meat (0.67 and 0.48), poultry (−0.88 and −0.57), and fruit (−0.62 and −0.50). Correlation with tobacco smoking was observed in the whole studied period (0.55 and 0.44). Increased incidence of pancreatic cancer in 1960–1995 was probably related to adverse dietary patterns up to 1989, especially high consumption of fats, sugar, and alcohol. Further positive changes in the diet such as lowering red meat consumption and increasing fruit consumption could influence incidence reduction in recent years. Also changes in tobacco smoking could affect the morbidity.

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Trends in cancer incidence and survival in the Augsburg study region—results from the Augsburg cancer registry

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036176 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e036176

Author(s):

Nina Grundmann ◽

Christa Meisinger ◽

Martin Trepel ◽

Jacqueline Müller-Nordhorn ◽

Gerhard Schenkirsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

Time Trends ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Study Region

ObjectivesKnowledge about time trends of cancer incidence and cancer survival in a defined region is an essential prerequisite for the planning of regional healthcare infrastructure. The aim of the study was to provide population-based analyses of all common tumour sites to assess the cancer burden in the Augsburg study region.SettingTotal population of the study region of Augsburg (668 522 residents), Southern Germany.ParticipantsThe data obtained from the Cancer Registry Augsburg comprised 37 487 incident cases of malignant tumours (19 313 men and 18 174 women) diagnosed between 2005 and 2016 in the Augsburg region’s resident population.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe calculated sex-specific, age-standardised incidence rates and annual percent change to assess time trends. In men and in women, 3-year and 5-year relative survival was calculated and results were compared with the latest German estimates. Survival trends were presented for the most common cancers only.ResultsDecreasing age-standardised incidence rates were observed for prostate cancer and for colorectal cancer in men. For oropharyngeal cancer, rates declined in men, but significantly increased in women. Incidence for female breast cancer remained stable. Five-year relative survival ranged between 6.4% (95% CI: 4.1% to 10.1%) for pancreatic cancer and 97.7% (95% CI: 96.0% to 99.4%) for prostate cancer in men and between 10.2% (95% CI: 7.1% to 14.6%) for pancreatic cancer and 96.6% (95% CI: 93.6% to 99.6%) for malignant melanoma in women. Trends in 3-year survival of the five most common tumour sites in men showed a significant increase for lung and oropharyngeal cancer. In women, continuously rising survival trends were observed for breast cancer.ConclusionsSurvival of cancer patients in the Augsburg study region was largely concordant with the situation in Germany as a whole, while incidence showed slight deviations in some cancer sites. Regional evaluations on cancer survival are a valuable instrument for identifying deficits and determining advances in oncological health management.

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