Flood vulnerability functions for people and vehicles in urban areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
M. Pilotti ◽  
L. Milanesi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

scholarly journals Analysis of applicability of flood vulnerability index in Pre-Saharan region, a pilot study to assess flood in Southern Morocco

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karmaoui ◽  
S. F. Balica ◽  
M. Messouli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
The Status ◽  
Numerical Index ◽  
Flood Vulnerability Index

Abstract. Abstract. Moroccan Pre-Saharan zone is an oasis system, which it is characterised by extreme events, like drought and flood. The flood risks will likely increases in frequency and magnitude due to global and regional climate change. Flood tends to have an important impact on isolated and poor regions such as oasis regions. This paper aims the analysis of applicability of Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) in pre-Saharan region of Morocco. The FVI, it is a numerical index that reflects the status of a region's flood vulnerability. It was determined for four components social, economic, physical, and environmental. These components can help to assist to propose strategies for improvement of the holistic system. For this study five sub-catchments were selected: Upper Draa Valley (UDV), Middle Draa Valley (MDV), Tata sub-catchment, Guelmim sub-catchment and Tafilalt sub-catchment; and five urban areas, Ouarzazate, Zagora, Tata, Guelmim and Errachidia. A comparative analysis of the results from thus areas allows us to assess the applicability of the FVI. The overall FVI for these areas was determined by the calculating and standardisation of 36 indicators for each sub-catchment scale and 34 for each urban scale.

"Catastrophic Risk Assessment, Using Integrated Multi-Criteria Flood Vulnerability Index for Various Spatial and Temporal Mining Scales : A Case Study of Kosi Flood Affected Five Districts"

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Divakar Saxena ◽  
Sanjay Pande
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Flood Vulnerability Index

Human population worldwide is vulnerable to natural disasters, which are increasing due to the consequences of socio-economical and land-use developments and due to climate change. In recent years the impacts of floods have gained importance because of the increasing amount of people who are affected by its adverse effects. In this study a methodology to compute a flood vulnerability index, based on indicators, is developed, aiming at assessing the conditions which favour flood damages at various levels: river basin, sub-catchment and urban area. This methodology can be used as a tool for decision making to direct investments at the most needed sectors. Its implementation could guide policy makers to analyse actions towards better dealing with floods. The methodology involves two concepts. First, vulnerability, which covers three related concepts called factors of vulnerability: exposure, susceptibility and resilience. The other concept concerns the actual flooding; understanding which elements of a system is suffering from this natural disaster. Three main components of a system are recognized which are affected by flooding: social, economical and environmental The interaction between the vulnerability factors and the components serves as the base of the proposed methodology. The methodology has been applied in various case studies spatial and temporal scales, which resulted in interesting observations on how vulnerability can be reflected by quantifiable indicators. The testing results indicate that the FVI of a river basin as a whole can be better reflected by the average FVI of its sub-catchments, thereby improving decision-making processes at regional levels. However, the average FVI of urban areas does not reflect the FVI of the sub-catchment or river basin in which they are located.

Flood Vulnerability Assessment in Northwestern Areas of Tehran

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-706
Author(s):  
Manijeh Ghahroudi Tali ◽  
◽  
Jamileh Tavakolinia ◽  
Anita Majidi Heravi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Map

Many factors affect the flood vulnerability of the northwestern areas of Tehran. Urban infrastructure and the development of urban areas in river basins have changed the natural drainage patterns in the region. This has resulted in flooding, inundation, and higher costs for urban maintenance. Tehran is located on the southern slopes of the Alborz mountain range and downstream from several basins. The expansion of the urban area into elevated areas has exposed the city to many disasters including flooding. Districts 2 and 5 in the northwestern area of Tehran are vulnerable to floods because of their close vicinity to expansive basins, a high proportion of construction projects, a high population and housing density, land use changes, the development of the urban areas in river basins, and the unsuitable exploitation of watercourses. This research used topographic, land use, climatic, and hydrometric data. Criteria were selected, weighted by an analytic hierarchy process, and combined by fuzzy functions to obtain a vulnerability map. To understand the significant factors, we applied water profiles and hydrographs to determine priorities through a multi-layer perceptron network. The final vulnerability map indicated that the most vulnerable areas are outside the urban lands near the river channels. The results also indicated that a combination of urban factors and drainage basin agents intensified the vulnerability of the study area. Although the near channel areas outside the urban areas are more vulnerable to flooding, other factors, including deteriorated fabric, curvature profile, and curvature, are significant in urban areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of Community Vulnerability to Different Types of Urban Floods: A Case for Lishui City, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quntao Yang ◽  
Shuliang Zhang ◽  
Qiang Dai ◽  
Rui Yao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydrometeorological Conditions

Urban flooding is a severe and pervasive hazard caused by climate change, urbanization, and limitations of municipal drainage systems. Cities face risks from different types of floods, depending on various geographical, environmental, and hydrometeorological conditions. In response to the growing threat of urban flooding, a better understanding of urban flood vulnerability is needed. In this study, a comprehensive method was developed to evaluate the vulnerability of different types of urban floods. First, a coupled urban flood model was built to obtain the extent of influence of various flood scenarios caused by rainfall and river levee overtopping. Second, an assessment framework for urban flood vulnerability based on an indicator method was used to evaluate the vulnerability in different flood hazard scenarios. Finally, the method was applied to Lishui City, China, and the distribution and pattern of urban flood vulnerability were studied. The results highlight the spatial variability of flooding and the vulnerability distributions of different types of urban floods. Compound floods were identified to cause more severe effects in the urban areas.

scholarly journals Empirical flash flood vulnerability functions for residential buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Arrighi ◽  
Bernardo Mazzanti ◽  
Francesco Pistone ◽  
Fabio Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Flash Flood ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

scholarly journals Detecting Areas Vulnerable to Flooding Using Hydrological-Topographic Factors and Logistic Regression

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5652
Author(s):  
Jae-Yeong Lee ◽  
Ji-Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Rainfall Forecasting ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Flood Prevention ◽  
Topographic Factors ◽  
Trace Maps

As a result of rapid urbanization and population movement, flooding in urban areas has become one of the most common types of natural disaster, causing huge losses of both life and property. To mitigate and prevent the damage caused by the recent increase in floods, a number of measures are required, such as installing flood prevention facilities, or specially managing areas vulnerable to flooding. In this study, we presented a technique for determining areas susceptible to flooding using hydrological-topographic characteristics for the purpose of managing flood vulnerable areas. To begin, we collected digital topographic maps and stormwater drainage system data regarding the study area. Using the collected data, surface, locational, and resistant factors were analyzed. In addition, the maximum 1-h rainfall data were collected as an inducing factor and assigned to all grids through spatial interpolation. Next, a logistic regression analysis was performed by inputting hydrological-topographic factors and historical inundation trace maps for each grid as independent and dependent variables, respectively, through which a model for calculating the flood vulnerability of the study area was established. The performance of the model was evaluated by analyzing the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of flood vulnerability and inundation trace maps, and it was found to be improved when the rainfall that changes according to flood events was also considered. The method presented in this study can be used not only to reasonably and efficiently select target sites for flood prevention facilities, but also to pre-detect areas vulnerable to flooding by using real-time rainfall forecasting.

scholarly journals An Integrated Urban Flood Vulnerability Index for Sustainable Planning in Arid Zones of Developing Countries

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Salazar-Briones ◽  
José Mizael Ruiz-Gibert ◽  
Marcelo A. Lomelí-Banda ◽  
Alejandro Mungaray-Moctezuma
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
Flood Vulnerability Index

Floods are among the most recurring and devastating natural hazards, impacting human lives and causing severe economic damage. Urbanization can increase the risk of flooding due to increased peak discharge and volume. Over arid urban areas of developing countries, flood disaster management is reactive, responding to prevailing disaster situations, mainly because of the lack of budget, equipment, facilities, and human resources. The approach required in a new city requires a different operative planning process, ruled by different kinds of specific indicators to be incorporated in the sustainable planning process. This study focuses on an approach to assess flood vulnerability as a planning tool using an integrated flood vulnerability index (FVI) with variables that are accessible in developing countries and arid urban areas. The research took place in the city of Mexicali, Baja, California. México. This index was determined by coupling the variables of three components: social, economic, and physical. The FVI reflects the status of an urban scale’s vulnerability. Variables were obtained from government data for the social and economic components, and a hydrological and hydraulic model approach as a physical component. The correlation of each variable to the flood was taken into account by using a general linear transformation. GIS was used as a tool for the development of spatial analysis. The results showed the spatial distribution of vulnerability at an urban district scale. It was found that 55% of the population is exposed to a vulnerability above the average value of the urban area. Integrating all the components will help decision-makers to implement strategies to improve the resilience of the area by attending the needs of the particular component that is more vulnerable.

scholarly journals Development of Flood Vulnerability Assessment Method considering Urban Characteristics: Daegu Metropolitan City

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
Youngseok Song ◽  
Jongpyo Park ◽  
Hayong Kim ◽  
Sangman Jeong ◽  
Moojong Park
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Proxy Variables ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Damage Reduction ◽  
Flood Vulnerability Assessment

This study intends to develop a flood vulnerability assessment method and flood damage reduction measures in urban areas for Daegu Metropolitan City. The proxy variables for the flood vulnerability assessment were calculated using the previously investigated proxy variables for urban areas. The Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) of the urban area was proposed using the Regional Significance Index (RSI), which indicates the importance of each region, and the Damage Possibility Index (DPI) for flood damage data. The RSI selected four proxy variables: population density, vulnerable population ratio, property density, and area ratio of major facilities. The DPI also selected four proxy variables: area ratio of low land, the impervious area ratio, status of domestic disaster risk district, and flood occurrence record. Eight proxy variables were selected and the FVI of urban areas calculated using multiplicative utility functions. As a result of the calculation, the FVI of Daegu Metropolitan City was found to be high in the central urban areas and by the streams. The results of this study are expected to be used for flood vulnerability assessments in urban areas and establishing flood damage reduction measures.

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