High Efficiency Wet Scrubbers for Particulate and Gas Pollution Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Schifftner
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Wet Scrubbers

Adsorption to Cu2+ in Waste Water with Chitosan Intercalation Bentonite

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Zeng Xin Li ◽  
Guo Ming Wang ◽  
Qiang Liang ◽  
Xiao Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Compound Adsorbent

The development of new water pollution control technology, particularly the development of high efficiency and low cost adsorbents is imperative. A compound adsorbent was prepared with the combination of chitosan and bentonite. Bentonite was added in chitosan slurry of 95% the degree of deacetylation to prepare adsorbent which mass ratio is 1:5. Its absorptivity toward Cu2+was studied. The results show: the dosage of the adsorbent is 14 g/L,the mass concentration of Cu2+in wastewater does not exceed 180 mg/L,the pH value range from 6 to7,the adsorption equilibrium time is about 9 h and Cu2+removal efficiency is over 97%.The low cost of adsorbents can be used to control industrial waste water containing copper.

Treatment of Industrial Dimethylamine Wastewater in a Distillation Tower at Lab Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 326-329
Author(s):  
Qiu Lian Chang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Distillation Tower ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
New Type ◽  
Continuous Distillation

One of difficult pollution control tasks for leather plants is the dimethylamine wastewater treatment. It is identified that there are two serious problems occurring in the current treatment process: low removal efficiency and low recycle efficiency. To solve these problems, new-type high efficiency packing and wastewater treatment process are proposed. The rectifying conditions of dimethylamine wastewater were investigated in a laboratory continuous distillation tower. Dimethylamine distillation efficiencies of no less than 47% at the top of tower was obtained, when the bottom temperature was controlled between 105～106°C, reflux ratio between 2～3, Final concentrations of less than 50 mg•L-1 at the bottom was obtained.

scholarly journals Characterization of a High Efficiency Pilot Plant Wet Scrubber with Internals for Fly Ash Removal

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Biswas ◽  
B. Rajmohan ◽  
C.R. Mohanty ◽  
B.C. Meikap
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Present System ◽  
Wet Scrubbing ◽  
Wet Scrubbers ◽  
Wet Scrubber ◽  
Ash Removal

Removal of fly ash using wet scrubbers is widely used in the small and medium scale industries. Among the wet scrubbing methods, spray column falls into the simplest type category for its simple construction and various advantages. A novel pilot plant wet scrubber has been conceived, designed and fabricated. This paper distinctly focuses on the detailed design and fabrication of the ejector, which has been used to prepare fly ash-air mixture in the laboratory. A detail experimental investigation has been carried out to characterize the system. Studies indicate very encouraging result. The size analysis of the fly ash sample along with efficiency of fly ash removal in the wet scrubber has critically been examined. It has been found that the present system yielded mentionable high efficiency for the scrubbing of fly ash. In most of the cases, the efficiency lies between 70.% and 90.%. The maximum efficiency obtained is above 90 %.

scholarly journals MECHANISMS OF TRAPPING FINE DUST IN WET DUST COLLECTING APPARATUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Krawczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Kocewiak ◽  
Jan Talaga ◽  
Irina Postnikova
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Dust Collection ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Water Curtain ◽  
Suspension Viscosity ◽  
Secondary Circulations ◽  
Wet Scrubbers

The high efficiency of intensive operation of wet scrubbers is the result of a simultaneous formation of different mechanisms of dust particle collectors. The collectors can be understood as droplets of atomised liquid, bubbles formed in the conditions of intensive barbotage, liquid surface and wet surfaces. All collectors are formed during the operation of the circulating unit. The deposition of dust particles from gas occurs as a result of centrifugal forces and secondary circulations in the guide duct as well as the effect of the water curtain, liquid barbotage and the flow of dusty gas through the droplet-splash layer. Discussions substantiating the possibility of confirming the effect of suspension viscosity on the efficiency of the dust collection process can be related both to the analysis of basic mechanisms affecting the deposition of particles on liquid collectors and the conditions of generating collectors. In total liquid recirculation in wet dedusting equipment, concentration of solids in a liquid rises. In such conditions, a gradual decrease in their dedusting efficiency is possible. The effect depends on dust physiochemical properties, kinetic energy of particles, the type of equipment used, and specifically on the way of organization of the contact of the liquid and gas phases. Studies of the effectiveness of dedusting depending on various factors are given in the next article by the same authors.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE MAIN FACTORS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF WET VORTEX DUST COLLECTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Krawczyk ◽  
Wieslaw Szatko ◽  
Irina Postnikova ◽  
Valerian Blinichev
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Wet Scrubbers ◽  
Intensive Work ◽  
The Impact

High efficiency of intensive work of wet scrubbers is the result of simultaneous formation of different collectors - dust collectors. Under the collectors it can understand the drops of the sprayed liquid, the bubbles generated in the conditions of intense bubbling, the liquid surface and the wet surface. All collectors are formed during the operation of the circulation unit, the features of which were considered in a previous article by the same authors. This article discusses the laboratory installation to assess the impact of various factors on the efficiency of collectors. The first device consists of three chambers in which the dust separation with a varying concentration of the suspension was analyzed independently in the drop area, under bubbling conditions, as well as upon impact on the wetted surface. To estimate the fractional effectiveness a multi-stage cascade impact mechanisms was used. A significant part of the second test bench was the dust collecting chamber, which provides a cross-flow of the suspension with respect to the dust gas acting on the surface of the liquid. A number of general efficiency tests were carried out at the stand under varying conditions of the impact of the outflow of dusty air on the surface of the liquid with constant dust dosing into the system. Dust removal efficiency was evaluated by measuring the mass of dust supplied to the system compared to the dust held by the filter on the outflow pipeline. The physical model of the phenomenon was developed on the basis of the hypothesis that the efficiency of dust particles capture by wet scrubbers depends on the absorption capacity of the liquid and, therefore, is associated with the concentration of the suspension.  A high concentration of a suspension may prevent the penetration of particles in the reservoirs and not disclose them to the surface for further collisions of the dust particles.

scholarly journals Change in dust collection efficiency of liquid collectors in conditions of dedusting liquid recirculation

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Dust Collection ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Liquid Recirculation ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
Wet Scrubbers ◽  
Dust Collection Efficiency

Abstract The high efficiency of industrial wet scrubbers is the result of a simultaneous formation of dust particle collectors. Collectors can be understood as droplets of atomised liquid, bubbles formed in the conditions of intensive barbotage, liquid surface and wet surfaces. All collectors are formed during the operation of a circulating unit. The efficiency of dust collection process also depends on the ability of dust particles to be absorbed by collectors. The study provides an experimental analysis of the effect of the increasing concentration of a dust collection liquid in the conditions of full liquid recirculation on the efficiency of dust collection process in the examined types of collectors.

Microcalorimeters for X-Ray Spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
E. Silver ◽  
C. Hailey ◽  
S. Labov ◽  
N. Madden ◽  
D. Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
Laboratory Plasmas ◽  
Adiabatic Demagnetization ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

The merits of microcalorimetry below 1°K for high resolution spectroscopy has become widely recognized on theoretical grounds. By combining the high efficiency, broadband spectral sensitivity of traditional photoelectric detectors with the high resolution capabilities characteristic of dispersive spectrometers, the microcalorimeter could potentially revolutionize spectroscopic measurements of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. In actuality, however, the performance of prototype instruments has fallen short of theoretical predictions and practical detectors are still unavailable for use as laboratory and space-based instruments. These issues are currently being addressed by the new collaborative initiative between LLNL, LBL, U.C.I., U.C.B., and U.C.D.. Microcalorimeters of various types are being developed and tested at temperatures of 1.4, 0.3, and 0.1°K. These include monolithic devices made from NTD Germanium and composite configurations using sapphire substrates with temperature sensors fabricated from NTD Germanium, evaporative films of Germanium-Gold alloy, or material with superconducting transition edges. A new approache to low noise pulse counting electronics has been developed that allows the ultimate speed of the device to be determined solely by the detector thermal response and geometry. Our laboratory studies of the thermal and resistive properties of these and other candidate materials should enable us to characterize the pulse shape and subsequently predict the ultimate performance. We are building a compact adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for conveniently reaching 0.1°K in the laboratory and for use in future satellite-borne missions. A description of this instrument together with results from our most recent experiments will be presented.

Imaging and diffraction modes in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 684-687
Author(s):  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
R. Glaisher ◽  
J. A. Lin ◽  
H.-J. Ou
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Detector System ◽  
Detector Plane ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Special Detector

Some of the most important applications of STEM depend on the variety of imaging and diffraction made possible by the versatility of the detector system and the serial nature, of the image acquisition. A special detector system, previously described, has been added to our STEM instrument to allow us to take full advantage of this versatility. In this, the diffraction pattern in the detector plane may be formed on either of two phosphor screens, one with P47 (very fast) phosphor and the other with P20 (high efficiency) phosphor. The light from the phosphor is conveyed through a fiber-optic rod to an image intensifier and TV system and may be photographed, recorded on videotape, or stored digitally on a frame store. The P47 screen has a hole through it to allow electrons to enter a Gatan EELS spectrometer. Recently a modified SEM detector has been added so that high resolution (10Å) imaging with secondary electrons may be used in conjunction with other modes.

Influence of MBE Growth Conditions on Dislocation Densities of GaAs/Ge Epilayers Grown on Silicon Substrates

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
K.M. Hones ◽  
P. Sheldon ◽  
B.G. Yacobi ◽  
A. Mason
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Dislocation Type

There is increasing interest in growing epitaxial GaAs on Si substrates. Such a device structure would allow low-cost substrates to be used for high-efficiency cascade- junction solar cells. However, high-defect densities may result from the large lattice mismatch (∼4%) between the GaAs epilayer and the silicon substrate. These defects can act as nonradiative recombination centers that can degrade the optical and electrical properties of the epitaxially grown GaAs. For this reason, it is important to optimize epilayer growth conditions in order to minimize resulting dislocation densities. The purpose of this paper is to provide an indication of the quality of the epitaxially grown GaAs layers by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine dislocation type and density as a function of various growth conditions. In this study an intermediate Ge layer was used to avoid nucleation difficulties observed for GaAs growth directly on Si substrates. GaAs/Ge epilayers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on Si substrates in a manner similar to that described previously.

The use of high-resolution FESEM to study solid-state phase transformations and reactions

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 1028-1029
Author(s):  
P. G. Kotula ◽  
D. D. Erickson ◽  
C. B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Backscattered Electron

High-resolution field-emission-gun scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) has recently emerged as an extremely powerful method for characterizing the micro- or nanostructure of materials. The development of high efficiency backscattered-electron detectors has increased the resolution attainable with backscattered-electrons to almost that attainable with secondary-electrons. This increased resolution allows backscattered-electron imaging to be utilized to study materials once possible only by TEM. In addition to providing quantitative information, such as critical dimensions, SEM is more statistically representative. That is, the amount of material that can be sampled with SEM for a given measurement is many orders of magnitude greater than that with TEM.In the present work, a Hitachi S-900 FESEM (operating at 5kV) equipped with a high-resolution backscattered electron detector, has been used to study the α-Fe2O3 enhanced or seeded solid-state phase transformations of sol-gel alumina and solid-state reactions in the NiO/α-Al2O3 system. In both cases, a thin-film cross-section approach has been developed to facilitate the investigation. Specifically, the FESEM allows transformed- or reaction-layer thicknesses along interfaces that are millimeters in length to be measured with a resolution of better than 10nm.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document