Palm Oil and Saturated Fatty Acid-Rich Vegetable Oils

2010 ◽  
pp. 117-150
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil

Oxygen availability in brain tissues after lipid meals

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy L. Swank ◽  
Haruomi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Electrode Technique ◽  
Brain Tissues

The available oxygen in the hamster's brain was studied polarographically employing the platinum electrode technique. The electrodes were permanently implanted. After large lipid meals, the amount of oxygen available in the tissues was reduced. The reduction was greatest after cream and another highly saturated fat mixture. It was least after the very unsaturated oils, safflower and cod liver oils. Changes after olive, corn, cottonseed and other vegetable oils were intermediate. Cream meals containing as little as 0.9 gm of lipid/kg body weight produced significant reductions in the available oxygen in the tissues. Our studies suggest that the decrease in available oxygen in the tissues was due primarily to the amount of the saturated fatty acid in the lipid feeding.

D-optimal Design Optimization for the Separation of Oleic Acid from Malaysian High Free Fatty Acid Crude Palm Oil Fatty Acids Mixture Using Urea Complex Fractionation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Bahadi ◽  
Nadia Salih ◽  
Jumat Salimon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Urea Complex ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

Oleic acid (OA) rich vegetable oils is important for the daily essential dietary oils intake but restrict to particular oil such as olive oil. However OA enrichment to other vegetable oil such as palm oil is always possible. OA can be obtained from cheap resources such as high free fatty acid crude palm oil (HFFA-CPO). OA concentrate from HFFA-CPO fatty acids mixture requires efficient and low cost technique. Urea complex crystallization fractionation is a classic method for fractionating saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids from polyunsaturated fatty acids of many vegetable oils. In this work, the separation and purification of oleic acid (OA) from unsaturated fatty acids mixture fraction (USFA) of HFFA-CPO fatty acids mixture by urea complex fractionation (UCF) was studied. The crystallization reaction conditions of urea inclusion for the non-urea complex fraction (NUCF) were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) and the optimal model was developed. The results showed high content of OA (88%) in urea complex fraction (UCF) with 86% yield at optimal conditions of urea-to-USFAs ratio of 4.62 : 1 (w/w), crystallization temperature at –10°C and crystallization time of 24 h. The results have demonstrated that urea complex crystallization fractionation method is a very effective with low cost, stable, obtainable, and comparatively ease to recover of OA from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of an oil fatty acids mixture. Pure OA is plausible to be used back for the OA enrichment modification into palm oil for new dietary oil.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profiles of Various Vegetable Oils and the Association between the Use of Palm Oil vs. Peanut Oil and Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Yangon Region, Myanmar

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Aung ◽  
Espen Bjertness ◽  
Aung Htet ◽  
Hein Stigum ◽  
Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Peanut Oil ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

The majority of vegetable oils used in food preparation in Myanmar are imported and sold non-branded. Little is known about their fatty acid (FA) content. We aimed to investigate the FA composition of commonly used vegetable oils in the Yangon region, and the association between the use of palm oil vs. peanut oil and risk factors for non-communicable disease (NCD). A multistage cluster survey was conducted in 2016, and 128 oil samples from 114 households were collected. Data on NCD risk factors were obtained from a household-based survey in the same region, between 2013 and 2014. The oils most commonly sampled were non-branded peanut oil (43%) and non-branded palm oil (19%). Non-branded palm oil had a significantly higher content of saturated fatty acids (36.1 g/100 g) and a lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (9.3 g/100 g) than branded palm oil. No significant differences were observed regarding peanut oil. Among men, palm oil users had significantly lower mean fasting plasma glucose levels and mean BMI than peanut oil users. Among women, palm oil users had significantly higher mean diastolic blood pressure, and higher mean levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides, than peanut oil users. Regulation of the marketing of non-branded oils should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Zat Aditif Urea terhadap Kuantitas Biodiesel Pada Reaksi Transesterfikasi

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rismawati Rasyid ◽  
Ummu Kalsum ◽  
Rahmaniah Malik ◽  
Dadi Priyono ◽  
Azis Albar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Oil

Abstrak Asam lemak jenuh maupun tak jenuh pada minyak nabati memiliki potensi untuk diubah menjadi bahan kimia penyusun bahan bakar . Komponen asam lemak pada CPO RBD dengan komposisi terbesar adalah asam palmitat (38.2%) dan asam oleat (45.89%).  Pembuatan biodiesel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan CPO (Crude Palm Oil) yang telah dimurnikan melalui reaksi transesterfikasi dengan pereaksi etanol dan katalisator KOH. Penambahan urea sebagai zat aditif pada reaksi dapat meningkatkan kualitas biodiesel yang diperoleh serta lebih efisien dalam tahapan pemurnian. Persentase kadar FAME (Fatty Acid Metyl Ester) setara dengan persen yield biodiesel pada proses reaksi tanpa penambahan urea adalah 90.34% dan mengalami peningkatan setelah penambahan urea sebesar 98%. Densitas yang dihasilkan pada reaksi tanpa zat aditif  0.868 gr/ ml dan reaksi dengan penambahan zat aditif memiliki densitas  0.866 gr/ml,  kedua produk tersebut telah sesuai dengan standar SNI yakni berkisar 0.85–0.89. Kata kunci : biodiesel, CPO, zat aditif Abstract Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vegetable oils have potential to be converted into constituent of chemicals fuel. Fatty acids in the RBD palm oil with the largest composition are palmitic acid (38.2%) and oleic acid (45.89%). Production of fuel which substitute diesel fuel (biodiesel) from CPO (Crude Palm Oil) which has been purified by transesterification reaction with ethanol reagent and KOH catalyst. The addition of urea as an additive substancein the reaction to improve  the quality as well as more efficient biodiesel obtained in the purification stages. Percentage value of FAME(Fatty Acid Metyl Ester)or yield biodiesel in the reaction without the addition of urea is 90.34% and after the addition of urea increased by 98%. Density of product that produced in the reaction without additives is 0.868 g / ml and for reaction with additives has a density of 0.866 g / ml, both of these products are met the criteria of SNI  standards which ranged from 0.85 to 0.89. Keywords : Biodiesel, CPO, additive substance

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Diet Tinggi Minyak Sawit terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid Darah Tikus Wistar

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maressya Silvia Eszy ◽  
Susila Sastri ◽  
Machdawaty Masri
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ros Reactive Oxygen Species

AbstrakMinyak sawit merupakan sumber lemak yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Minyak ini mengandung 50% asam lemak jenuh atau saturated fatty acid (SFA), 40% asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai tunggal atau Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (MUFA),10% asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai ganda atau Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA), antioksidan, vitamin E dan beta-karoten. Rasio asam lemak jenuh dan asam lemak tidak jenuh pada minyak sawit hampir sama. Komposisi asam lemak dan antioksidan berperan dalam menentukan pembentukan ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) di jaringan tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet tinggi minyak sawit terhadap kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) darah tikus. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu studi eksperimental dengan menggunakan post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari sepuluh ekor tikus wistar jantan dengan berat antara 180-260 gram yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok tikus control yang diberi diet standar ad libitum dan kelompok tikus perlakuan yang diberi tambahan minyak sawit kedalam diet standar ad libitum. Setelah perlakuan satu bulan, dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar malondialdehid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kadar MDA kelompok tikus perlakuan (2,494±0,504 nmol/ml) dengan kelompok tikus kontrol (3,152±0,237 nmol/ml). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa diet tinggi minyak sawit menurunkan kadar MDA darah tikus.Kata kunci: minyak sawit, SFA, MUFA, antioxidant, ROS, MDAAbstractPalm oil is a source of fat which most widely consumed by Indonesian people. This oil contains 50% Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA), 40% Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (MUFA), 10% Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA), antioxidant, vitamin E and beta-carotene. The saturated fatty acid to unsaturated fatty acid ratio of palm oil is almost same. Composition offatty acids and antioxidants play a role in determining the production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) in the tissues of the body. This study was aimed to assess the effect of a high palm oil diet on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in rat’s blood. This research was an experimental study which applies post test only control group design. Sample amounted to ten male wistar rats with 180-260 gram weight were divided into two research groups those are control group rats which were administrated standard diet ad libitum and treatment group rats which were administrated addition of palm oil to standar diet ad libitum. After one month treatment, malondialdehyde concentrations were observed. The result of this study revealed significant defference (p<0.05) between MDA concentration in treatment group rats (2.494±0.504 nmol/ml) and control group rats (3.152±0.237 nmol/ml). From the result of this research may be concluded that high palm oil diet decreased MDA concentration of rat’s blood.Keywords: palm oil, SFA, MUFA, antioxidant, ROS, MDA

Hydrogenation of Vegetable Oils with Minimum trans and Saturated Fatty Acid Formation Over a New Generation of Pd-catalyst

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Belkacemi ◽  
Amira Boulmerka ◽  
Joseph Arul ◽  
Safia Hamoudi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Acid Formation ◽  
Pd Catalyst ◽  
New Generation

scholarly journals Effects of dietary vegetable oils on growth, lipogenic enzyme activities and tissue fatty acid composition of Heterobranchus longifilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Theophilus Olayiwola Babalola ◽  
John Bunmi Olasunkanmi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fish Tissue ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Tissue Fatty Acid ◽  
Heterobranchus Longifilis

AbstractFeasibility of total replacement of fish oil (FO) with vegetable oils (palm oil (PO) and soybean oil (SO)) in practical diet for Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings was evaluated. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets were prepared. Control diet (A) used FO as the lipid source, diets B–F contained various blends of palm and soybean oils. Fish were fed to apparent satiation twice daily for twelve weeks. No significant (P > 0.05) differences were observed for feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio or specific growth rates among dietary treatments. Activities of glucose-6-phospate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malic enzyme (ME) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in fish fed diet C (1.5 % PO). Generally, hepatic G6PDH activity was about 3-4 times higher than ME activity in fish fed the experimental diets. The tissue fatty acid (FA) profiles in fillet and liver reflected the dietary FA compositions. However, the concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were higher in fish tissue (fillet and liver) than in the diets. Results from the present study indicate that replacement of fish oil with vegetable oil resulted in satisfactory growth and body composition characteristics in Heterobranchus longifilis. Compared with soybean oil, palm oil is relatively cheap and readily available; therefore, diet F (6 % PO) is recommended for use in H. longifilis diet.

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