Identification of distinctive interferon gene signatures in different types of myositis

ObjectiveActivation of the type 1 interferon (IFN1) pathway is a prominent feature of dermatomyositis (DM) muscle and may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. However, the relevance of the IFN1 pathway in patients with other types of myositis such as the antisynthetase syndrome (AS), immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), and inclusion body myositis (IBM) is largely unknown. Moreover, the activation of the type 2 interferon (IFN2) pathway has not been comprehensively explored in myositis. In this cross-sectional study, our objective was to determine whether IFN1 and IFN2 pathways are differentially activated in different types of myositis by performing RNA sequencing on muscle biopsy samples from 119 patients with DM, IMNM, AS, or IBM and on 20 normal muscle biopsies.MethodsThe expression of IFN1- and IFN2-inducible genes was compared between the different groups.ResultsThe expression of IFN1-inducible genes was high in DM, moderate in AS, and low in IMNM and IBM. In contrast, the expression of IFN2-inducible genes was high in DM, IBM, and AS but low in IMNM. The expression of IFN-inducible genes correlated with the expression of genes associated with inflammation and muscle regeneration. Of note, ISG15 expression levels alone performed as well as composite scores relying on multiple genes to monitor activation of the IFN1 pathway in myositis muscle biopsies.ConclusionsIFN1 and IFN2 pathways are differentially activated in different forms of myositis. This observation may have therapeutic implications because immunosuppressive medications may preferentially target each of these pathways.

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Manic-Depressive Cycles in Bipolar Disorder: Clinical and Treatment Implications

Psychopathology ◽

10.1159/000513314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 98-105

Author(s):

Elena Teobaldi ◽

Umberto Albert ◽

Gabriele Di Salvo ◽

Claudio Mencacci ◽

Gianluca Rosso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorders ◽

Mood Stabilizer ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lithium Salts ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Manic Depressive ◽

Continuous Cycling ◽

Different Types ◽

Clinical Profiles

Introduction: Cycle patterns of bipolar disorders (BDs) have been previously shown to be associated with clinical characteristics and response to lithium salts. Here, we evaluated the distribution of different types of manic-depressive cycles in a large sample of patients with BD. The associations between a mania-depression-interval (MDI) course and depression-mania-interval (DMI) course with sociodemographic/clinical factors were also assessed in order to define specific clinical profiles. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 806 patients with BD admitted to the Psychiatric Unit of San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital in Orbassano and Molinette Hospital in Turin, Italy, were recruited. Patients were grouped according to the following course patterns: MDI, DMI, continuous cycling (CC, <4 episodes/year without intervals), rapid cycling (RC, ≥4 episodes/year), and irregular (IRR) cycling. We compared several sociodemographic and clinical variables in an MDI versus DMI course by means of ANOVA and Pearson χ2 with Bonferroni correction. Results: Bipolar cycles were distributed as follows: 50.2% IRR course, 31.5% MDI course, 16% DMI course, 1.2% CC, and 1% RC. Compared to DMI course, patients with an MDI course were more often men, younger, with an earlier onset, a manic polarity onset, and more lifetime compulsory admissions. They were more frequently treated with lithium and antipsychotics. Patients with a DMI course had older age at diagnosis and at first mood-stabilizer treatment and were more often misdiagnosed with a major depressive disorder. These patients were more commonly treated with anticonvulsants, and they had more frequently failed treatment trials with lithium salts in the past. Conclusion: This study supports the utility of classifying BD according to their course patterns. This classification holds prognostic as well as therapeutic implications.

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Immuno-biological Assessments of Temporomandibular Joint Disease in Patients with Immune-mediated Rheumatic Conditions. A cross sectional study of 273 cases

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.12.6023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 2987-2991

Author(s):

Cristina Iordache ◽

Bogdan Vascu ◽

Eugen Ancuta ◽

Rodica Chirieac ◽

Cristina Pomirleanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Immune Parameters ◽

Immune Mediated

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is commonly involved in various immune-mediated rheumatic disorders accounting for significant disability and impaired quality of life. The aim of our study was to assess inflammatory and immune parameters in patients with TMJ arthritis related to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to identify potential relation with severity and dysfunction of TMJ pathology. We performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 433 consecutive RA, 32 JIA, 258 AS, and 103 PsA. Only patients presenting with clinically significant TMJ involvement (273) related to their rheumatic condition were included in the final analysis. TMJ involvement is traditionally described in chronic inflammatory rheumatic disorders, particularly in patients with higher levels of inflammation as detected in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Disease activity and severity, as well as biological and positive serological assessments (rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, IL-1) remain significant determinants of the severity of TMJ arthritis.

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SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: the Euro-COVIMID multicentre cross-sectional study

The Lancet Rheumatology ◽

10.1016/s2665-9913(21)00112-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Saadoun ◽

Matheus Vieira ◽

Mathieu Vautier ◽

Xenofon Baraliakos ◽

Ioana Andreica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Immune Mediated

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Perception of the health surveillance users on the health electronic surveillance network (HESN), Saudi Arabia, 2016

Journal of Egyptian Public Health Association ◽

10.1186/s42506-021-00074-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zayid K. Almayahi ◽

Fahad Alswaidi ◽

Abdullah Alzahrani

Keyword(s):

User Satisfaction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

General Level ◽

Electronic Surveillance ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Design Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Of Satisfaction ◽

Composite Scores ◽

And Control

Abstract Background The established aim of the Saudi Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) is to support the prevention and control of different health events, and to facilitate the delivery of other public health programs. This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of active HESN users regarding its general performance through five major components: practicability, design, data and communication, technical support, and general impression. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 using a sample of active HESN users. Out of 1535 active users, 700 were randomly selected. A predesigned electronic questionnaire was sent to each participant via email which was completed by 485 participants. Different composite scores were calculated and compared to the sociodemographic and other technical variables. Results The mean age of the participants was 36.92 ± 9.12 (24–65 years), and 57.8% of the sample were male. Riyadh and the KSA’s eastern province represented the highest two regions of participation, at (18.4%) and (14.2%) participants, respectively. About 70.8% were generally satisfied with HESN, while 86.6%% believed that it is better than the traditional paper-work system. Participants who used to work more frequently expressed more level of satisfaction compared to those with minimal use per week or month (P ≤ 0.001). Internet speed displayed a significant association with the general level of satisfaction with HESN (P < 0.001). Additionally, users who accessed HESN with the Google Chrome browser displayed higher levels of satisfaction when compared to users who relied on other browsers (P = 0.003). Conclusion Presently, the level of user satisfaction with HESN is reasonable. However, to achieve optimal outcomes for HESN usage, improvements should be considered.

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P20 Parental understanding of concussion in youth rugby is significantly improved by viewing the RFU concussion education video

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.97 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. e31.1-e31

Author(s):

T Samuel ◽

K Aquilina ◽

W Dawes

Keyword(s):

Parental Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Educational Video ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental Experience ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Composite Scores

ObjectivesTo investigate the current understanding parents have of concussion in their rugby-playing children aged 9–17.DesignCross-sectional studySubjects86 parents from four clubs completed an online questionnaireMethodsAreas covered (1) Parental experience of concussion (2) Rate of viewing of the RFU concussion educational video (RFUCEV), (3) Identification of symptoms of concussion (4) Understanding of the risk of concussion. Each participant was given a composite score, out of 19, based on their performance in symptom identification and true/false questions. Independent-sample two-tailed t-tests were conducted to analyse scores, primarily controlling for viewing of the RFUCEVResultsThere was a significant difference in the scores between the group that had viewed the RFUCEV (n=32, M=14.75, SD=2.55) and those who had not (n=54, M=13.05, SD=2.87); t(84)=2.75, p=0.00721. Additionally, over 25% of parents reported that their child had suffered a concussion, and this was also found to significantly improve the awareness score (p=0.04678)ConclusionsStatistically significant improvement in composite scores after viewing the RFUCEV makes it reasonable to require compulsory parental education prior to signing up a child to play rugby. This would build on the protocol changes made by the RFU in 2014 and further progress the safety of the sport. We suggest the video be improved to emphasise the areas highlighted as inadequately understood, including the increased risk of concussion in under-18s compared to adults.

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Pattern of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Among Anemic Under-Five Children of Northern Bangladesh: A Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-157764/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Abdur Rafi ◽

M. Morsed Zaman ◽

Md. Golam Hossain

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Severe Form ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hemoglobin E ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Thalassemia Minor ◽

Different Types

Abstract Background Congenital hemoglobin defects are significant global health concern affecting more than 330,000 newborns every year. In Bangladesh more than half of the under-five children are anemic, but the contribution of hemoglobin disorders to childhood anemia is quite unexplored. Hence, the objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and pattern of hemoglobinopathies among anemic under-five (age 6–59 months) children visiting the hematology department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH). Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study among anemic patients aged between 6 to 59 months conducted in the hematology department of RMCH from July 2018 to June 2020. The guideline of WHO was used to define the severity of anemia. Hemoglobinopathies was measured using standard methods. Chi-square test was used to find the association between two categorical factors. Results Female and younger children included in the study were more likely to suffer from moderate to severe form of anemia compared to their counterparts. Out of 534 patients 183 were suffering from different types of hemoglobinopathies (prevalence 34.3%). E-β-Thalassemia was the most common type of hemoglobinopathy (14%) followed by Hemoglobin E trait (11%) and β-Thalassemia minor (5.6%). Prevalence of these hemoglobin disorders was comparatively higher among female and older children (p < 0.05). Patients with E-β-Thalassemia and β-Thalassemia major of our study were mostly suffering from severe form of anemia while patients with hemoglobin E trait and β-Thalassemia minor were mostly suffering from mild anemia (p < 0.01). Conclusions A remarkable number of children were suffering from severe anemia and different types of hemoglobinopathies. Gender and age group were the risk factors of anemia and hemoglobinopathies among under-five children. Health authorities of Bangladesh should especially take care of anemic children in this country.

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A cross-sectional study of pain severity in patients suffering from different types of primary headache in the hospital setting

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201920 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1740

Author(s):

Sanjay Prasad ◽

Abhay Paliwal ◽

Ram Ghulam Razdan

Keyword(s):

Primary Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Pain Severity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Headache Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Different Types ◽

Type Headache ◽

The Impact

Background: Primary headache disorders including migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) are of great importance to global public health due to its high prevalence, but very few studies have been conducted to know its prevalence and pain severity of different types of primary headache. Aim of this study was to investigate the subtypes and pain severity of different types of primary headache in hospital setting.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study with 200 sample size. Includes patients with Primary headache in department of Psychiatry, MGMMC, Indore. Patient aged between 18-65 years, both gender. Diagnosis of headache was done clinically in accordance with International Classification of Headache disorders (ICHD- 3). Semi-structured headache questionnaire, Comparative pain scale were used for assessment of samples.Results: Among 200 patients, Tension type headache was 73.5%, Migraine was 22%, Mixed headache was in 4.5% patients. Majority of migraine and mixed headache cases had severe pain at 93.2% & 55.6% respectively. Majority of TTH cases had moderate pain in 42.2% patients.Conclusions: Study has shown assessments of severity of pain, can be used to assess the impact of Primary headache on patient’s quality of life.

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Knowledge and Determinants of Health Consequences of Cigarette Smoking Among Vietnamese Adults, 2015

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539519854878 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 463-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

An Thi Minh Dao ◽

Huong Thi Thu Nguyen ◽

Giang Bao Kim ◽

Hai Thi Phan ◽

Huy Van Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Health Consequences ◽

Sampling Frame ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Different Types ◽

The Difference ◽

Specific Health

Background. Vietnam was one of 16 countries that implemented the second round of the GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) in 2015. Aims. To assess knowledge and determinants of health consequences of different types of cigarette smoking among Vietnamese adults. Methods. A cross-sectional study among adults aged 15 years combined with using 15% of the master sample from the national sampling frame of the population and housing census was conducted. Multilevel analysis using Poisson regression was undertaken. Results. Knowledge on the health consequences of cigarette smoking has not significantly improved in the GATS-2015. Adults believe that active smoking had more of an impact on health than secondhand smoking and 24.5% and 43% of them answered that smoking light and e-cigarettes, respectively, causes less harm than regular cigarettes, and 17.3% and 18.1% of adults are not aware of the difference between them, respectively. Conclusion. Household and community’s role had little impact in the adult knowledge of smoking health consequences. It is necessary to disseminate information on the “other tobacco product” and to improve public knowledge on specific health consequences, to enhance household and community’s role in conveying health education messages to individuals.

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