Contralateral Peripheral Neurotization for Hemiplegic Upper Extremity After Central Neurologic Injury

Neurosurgery ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Yun Hua ◽  
Yan-Qun Qiu ◽  
Tie Li ◽  
Mou-Xiong Zheng ◽  
Yun-Dong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Permanent Loss ◽  
Adults And Children

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Central neurological injury (CNI) is a major contributor to physical disability that affects both adults and children all over the world. The main sequelae of chronic stage CNI are spasticity, paresis of specific muscles, and poor selective motor control. Here, we apply the concept of contralateral peripheral neurotization in spasticity releasing and motor function restoration of the affected upper extremity. OBJECTIVE: A clinical investigation was performed to verify the clinical efficacy of contralateral C7 neurotization for rescuing the affected upper extremity after CNI. METHODS: In the present study, 6 adult hemiplegia patients received the nerve transfer surgery of contralateral C7 to C7 of the affected side. Another 6 patients with matched pathological and demographic status were assigned to the control group that received rehabilitation only. During the 2-year follow-up, muscle strength of bilateral upper extremities was assessed. The Modified Ashworth Scale and Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale were used for evaluating spasticity and functional use of the affected upper extremity, respectively. RESULTS: Both flexor spasticity release and motor functional improvements were observed in the affected upper extremity in all 6 patients who had surgery. The muscle strength of the extensor muscles and the motor control of the affected upper extremity improved significantly. There was no permanent loss of sensorimotor function of the unaffected upper extremity. CONCLUSION: This contralateral C7 neurotization approach may open a door to promote functional recovery of upper extremity paralysis after CNI.

scholarly journals Effects of Conscious Control of Scapular Orientation in Oral Cancer Survivors With Scapular Dyskinesis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153473542110408
Author(s):  
Yueh-Hsia Chen ◽  
Cheng-Ya Huang ◽  
Wei-An Liang ◽  
Chi-Rung Lin ◽  
Yuan-Hung Chao
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction ◽  
Conscious Control

Objectives: Spinal accessory nerve dysfunction is one of the complications of neck dissection in patients with oral cancer. This study aimed to explore the effects of long-term scapular-focused exercises and conscious control of scapular orientation on scapular movement and quality of life (QoL). Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. Thirty-six patients with oral cancer were randomly allocated to the motor-control group (scapular-focused exercise + conscious control of scapular orientation) or the regular-exercise group (scapular-focused exercises only). Both groups received conventional physical therapy after neck dissection for 3 months. Shoulder pain intensity, active range of motion (AROM) of shoulder abduction, scapular muscle strength and activity under maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), scapular muscle activity when performing scapular movements, and QoL were measured at baseline, 1 month after the start of the intervention, and the end of the intervention. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in all outcomes except shoulder pain intensity. After the 3-month intervention, the motor-control group had more significant improvement in AROM of shoulder abduction with a 19° difference (95% CI: 10-29, P < .001), muscle strength of upper trapezius with an 11 N difference (95% CI: 2-20; P = .021), and QoL than the regular-exercise group. When performing shoulder horizontal adduction and flexion, the relative value (%MVIC) of serratus anterior was smaller in the motor-control group with a 106%MVIC difference (95% CI: 7-205, P = .037). Conclusions: Scapular-focused exercises have promising effects on spinal accessory nerve dysfunction. Combining scapular-focused exercises with conscious control of scapular orientation has more remarkable benefits on AROM of shoulder abduction, UT muscle strength, and muscle activation pattern than the scapular-focused exercises alone. Conscious control of scapular orientation should be considered to integrate into scapular-focused exercises in patients with oral cancer and scapular dyskinesis. Trial registry name and URL, and registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov ; Approval No: NCT03545100)

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF HYPNOSIS THERAPY AND RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISE ON UPPER-EXTREMITY MUSCLE STRENGTH IN PATIENTS WITH NON-HEMORRAGHIC STROKE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Chandra Irawan ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono ◽  
Suharto Suharto ◽  
Aris Santjaka
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Paired T Test

Background: Range of Motion (ROM) exercise has been identified in the literature that it has an effect in improving muscle strength, especially in patients with stroke. However, little is known about the effect of ROM exercise combined with hypnosis therapy.Objective: To determine the effect of combination of hypnosis therapy and ROM exercise on upper extremity muscle strength in patients with non-hemorrhagic.Methods: This study employed a quasy experiment with pretest-posttest control group design. Thirty-two samples were selected using simple random sampling, which 16 randomly assigned in the experiment and control group. Muscle strength was measured using Muscle Strength Scale. Hypnosis Deepening test was used to measure the level of hypnosis depth. Paired t-test and Independent t-test were used for data analysis.Results: The mean value of muscle strength in the experiment group was 3.50 and  the mean value in the control group  was 2.62. Independent sample t-test obtained p-value = 0.012, indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean of muscle strength of upper extremity in the experiment and control group. Paired t-test obtained p-value = 0.000, which indicated that there was significant difference between the average of muscle strength value before and after treatmentConclusion: The combination of hypnosis therapy and ROM exercise has a significant effect in increasing muscle strength of upper extremity in patients with stroke non-haemorrhagic.

scholarly journals The effects of theraband training on respiratory parameters, upper extremity muscle strength and swimming performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Yapıcı-Öksüzoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks theraband training on respiratory parameters, upper extremity muscle strength and 50-100m swimming performance in swimming athletes. Material and Methods. Totally 12 male swimmers participated voluntarily and were divided into two groups as control group (n=6) and experimental group (n=6). Control group did only swimming training, experimental group did theraband exercises in addition to swimming exercises. Respiratory parameters, upper extremity anaerobic performance, shoulder extension/flexion strength and swimming performance were measured. Mann Whitney-U Test was used to determine the differences between two groups. Wilcoxon Test was used to determine intra-group differences. Results. There was no statistically significant difference between the pre and post-test values of respiratory parameters, anaerobic performance values and swimming measurements of the experimental groups (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between shoulder extension and flexion values (p<0.05). As for the statistical results between the pre and post-test values of the control group, no significant difference was found in any of the variables (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the post-test values ​​of the experimental and control groups shoulder extension and flexion values (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between respiratory function parameters, anaerobic performance values and 50-100m swimming degrees (p>0.05). Conclusions. As a result of the findings, it can be said that theraband training which is done as a land work with swimming training leads to positive effects in the upper extremity muscle strength and swimming performance development of youth swimmers.  

scholarly journals Effects of Ving Tsun Chinese Martial Art Training on Upper Extremity Muscle Strength and Eye-Hand Coordination in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley S. M. Fong ◽  
Shamay S. M. Ng ◽  
Yoyo T. Y. Cheng ◽  
Janet Y. H. Wong ◽  
Esther Y. T. Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Elbow Extensor

Objectives. To evaluate the effects of Ving Tsun (VT) martial art training on the upper extremity muscle strength and eye-hand coordination of middle-aged and older adults.Methods. This study used a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Forty-two community-dwelling healthy adults participated in the study; 24 (mean age ± SD =68.5±6.7years) underwent VT training for 4 weeks (a supervised VT session twice a week, plus daily home practice), and 18 (mean age ± SD =72.0±6.7years) received no VT training and acted as controls. Shoulder and elbow isometric muscle strength and eye-hand coordination were evaluated using the Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System and a computerized finger-pointing test, respectively.Results. Elbow extensor peak force increased by 13.9% (P=0.007) in the VT group and the time to reach peak force decreased (9.9%) differentially in the VT group compared to the control group (P=0.033). For the eye-hand coordination assessment outcomes, reaction time increased by 2.9% in the VT group and decreased by 5.3% in the control group (P=0.002).Conclusions. Four weeks of VT training could improve elbow extensor isometric peak force and the time to reach peak force but not eye-hand coordination in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.

scholarly journals Dual-Task-Based Drum Playing with Rhythmic Cueing on Motor and Attention Control in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Preliminary Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10095
Author(s):  
Jin-Kyoung Park ◽  
Soo Ji Kim
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Motor Movement

Although there have been increasing reports regarding the effectiveness of dual-task interventions in rehabilitation, the scope of this research is limited to gross motor movement, such as gait among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). To expand the dual-task paradigm to upper extremity motor and attention control in PD, drum playing with modulation of musical elements was attempted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a drum playing intervention with rhythmic cueing on upper extremity motor control and attention control in patients with PD. Twelve participants were randomly assigned to the drum playing intervention with rhythmic cueing group or the control group. The results showed that the drum playing with rhythmic cueing (DPRC) group significantly increased their sustained time of entrainment (45 BPM) and their latency time until entrainment from pretest to posttest. For the DPRC group, the latency time until entrainment was significantly improved, and improvements in cognitive measures were also found. This study shows that DPRC has great potential to improve upper extremity motor control and attention control and supports the development of new interventions that include this technique for rehabilitation in patients with PD.

scholarly journals The Combination of Softball Handling Exercise and ROM Increases Upper Extremity Muscle Strength in Non-Haemoragic Stroke Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Ade Lestiani Limaretha ◽  
Mugi Hartoyo ◽  
Syamsul Arif
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
And Control

Background: Stroke is a brain tissues damage caused by blood supply disruption to the brain. Effects that often occurs in stroke patients is weakness in one side of the body, such as the upper extremity. Exercises to stimulate muscle hands strength can be a combination softball handling exercise and ROM. Purpose: This research aims to determine the effect of a combination softball handling exercise and ROM on muscle strength in non haemoragic stroke patients at Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang Hospital.Methods: Type of research is Quasi Experiment with a non-rondomised control group pre-post test design. There were 32 respondents including in this research using purposive sampling to select the sample. The research data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test to determine the effect on the intervention group and control group, then tested using the Mann Whitney test to determine the effectiveness difference between a intervention group and control group.Results: the Wilcoxon Test showed that there was an effect of a combination softball handlingand ROM on muscle strength in non haemoragic stroke patients (p value 0.000), and there was an effect on the control group without intervention (p value 0.003). While the Mann Whitney test showed that the combination group was more effective in increasing the muscle strength p value = 0.001 (0.05).Conclusion: There is the effect of a combination of softball handling exercise and ROM on the strength of the extremity muscles over non haemoragic stroke pastients.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation applied in Early Subacute Stroke: Effects on Severe Upper-limb Impairment

2022 ◽  
pp. 026921552110721
Author(s):  
Yi-Fan Jiang ◽  
Dai Zhang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Hong Hai ◽  
Ying-Yu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Conventional Physiotherapy

Objectives Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) is a non-invasive method that activates peripheral nerves and enhances muscle strength. This study aimed to investigate the effect of rPMS applied in early subacute stroke on severe upper extremity impairment. Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting Rehabilitation department of a university hospital. Subjects People aged 30–80 years with no practical arm function within four weeks of a first stroke. Interventions Participants were randomly assigned to either the rPMS group ( n = 24, 20Hz and 2400 pulses of rPMS to triceps brachii and extensor digitorum muscles daily for two weeks in addition to conventional physiotherapy) or the control group ( n = 20, conventional physiotherapy). Main measures The primary outcome was the upper extremity motor section of Fugl-Meyer Assessment after treatment. Secondary outcomes included Barthel Index and root mean square of surface electromyography for muscle strength and stretch-induced spasticity of critical muscles of the upper extremity. Data presented: mean (SD) or median (IQR). Results The rPMS group showed more significant improvements in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (12.5 (2.5) vs. 7.0 (1.4), P < 0.001), Barthel Index (15 (5) vs. 10 (3.7), P < 0.001), and strength-root mean square (biceps brachii: 20.5 (4.8) vs. 6.2 (2.7), p < 0.001; triceps brachii: 14.9 (5.8) vs. 4.3 (1.2), p < 0.001; flexor digitorum: 5.1 (0.8) vs. 4.0 (1.1), p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Conclusion In patients with no functional arm movement, rPMS of upper limb extensors improves arm function and muscle strength for grip and elbow flexion and extension.

How do resistance training and balance and motor control training affect gait performance and fatigue impact in people with multiple sclerosis? A randomized controlled multi-center study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1420-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Callesen ◽  
Davide Cattaneo ◽  
John Brincks ◽  
Marie-Louise Kjeldgaard Jørgensen ◽  
Ulrik Dalgas
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gait Function

Background: Despite a shared purpose of improving functional capacity, the principles of progressive resistance training (PRT) and balance and motor control training (BMCT) are fundamentally different. Objectives: To investigate the effects of PRT and BMCT on gait performance and fatigue impact in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: A multi-center, single-blinded, cluster-randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups (PRT and BMCT) and a control group (CON). The interventions lasted 10 weeks. A total of 71 participants with impaired mobility (Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW) > 5 seconds or Six Spot Step Test (SSST) > 8 seconds) were enrolled. Primary outcomes were the T25FW and the SSST. Fatigue impact, self-perceived gait function, 6-minute walk, balance, and muscle strength were secondary outcomes. Results: In total, 83% completed the study. The primary comparisons showed that BMCT, but not PRT, improved T25FW, SSST, and self-perceived gait function when compared to CON. Secondary comparisons showed that BMCT improved SSST more than PRT, while T25FW did not differ. Both BMCT and PRT reduced the fatigue impact. Finally, the effect of BMCT was superior to PRT on dynamic balance, while PRT was superior to BMCT on knee extensor muscle strength. Conclusion: BMCT, but not PRT, was superior to CON in improving gait performance, while both BMCT and PRT reduced fatigue.

scholarly journals Restoration of Upper Limb Motor Function After Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kayerova ◽  
Natalya S. Zhuravskaya ◽  
Ekaterina A. Kozina ◽  
Olga V. Shakirova
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Biological Feedback ◽  
Early Recovery

Since the task of eliminating the consequences of a stroke remains unsolved, research on the use of robotic simulators equipped with feedback to restore upper limb motor functions is of particular relevance. Aim of the study was to conduct an experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of the Anika sensory glove with biological feedback for the restoration of upper extremity motor function in the early period of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods. We analyzed 108 medical histories and selected 28 patients with a single history of stroke and moderate cognitive disorders, which were divided into 2 groups - control and experimental with 14 individuals each. Patients of the control group engaged in therapeutic physical culture according to the traditional methodology adopted in neurological practice and aimed at restoring muscle strength, passive and active movements of the upper extremity. Trainings using the sensory glove Anika with biological feedback were included in the therapeutic physical culture training program for the experimental group. Results. The inclusion of special exercises on the Anika simulator with biological feedback in a comprehensive physical rehabilitation program increases the effectiveness of the recovery process, contributing to improving articular mobility, reducing spasticity, increasing muscle strength of the hand, reducing the level of personal and situational anxiety, normalizing psychoemotional state and increasing the functional mobility of stroke patients. Conclusion. The use of the sensory glove Anika with biological feedback in the early recovery period contributed to the expansion of the motor activity of patients, the development of self-care skills, psychological and social adaptation.

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