Nitrogen-Excretion in Carcinides maenas (Pennant) during the Early Stages of Regeneration

Development ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-212
Author(s):  
A. E. Needham
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Subsequent Infection ◽  
Local Process ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Two Alternatives

An increased excretion of nitrogen (hereafter referred to as N) by mammals in the early stages of wound-healing raises interesting problems (Cuthbertson, 1942, 1946; Needham, 1952). The first object of the present experiments was to ascertain if the phenomena associated with this N-“flow” (Cuthbertson, 1942, 1946) occur also in Carcinides, a, member of a very different group of animals. In mammals N-flow is greater than can be accounted for merely by the demolition of tissues damaged by the wound or by subsequent infection (Cuthbertson, 1942, 1946): the nitrogen/sulphur ratio in the urine indicates that after skin-wounds or burns much of the N comes from muscle-protein, and therefore that flow is a systematic, not a local process. It might be concerned with the provision of protein for the regeneration process itself, rather than with demolition. A Crustacean such as Carcinides provides critical conditions for testing these two alternatives.

A histological study of the early stages of cutaneous wound healing in lizards inin vivo andin vitro

1972 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. A. Maderson ◽  
S. I. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Early Stages

scholarly journals A pulsatile release platform based on photo-induced imine-crosslinking hydrogel promotes scarless wound healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yongjun Zheng ◽  
Jimmy Lee ◽  
Jieyu Hua ◽  
Shilong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Tgfβ Signaling ◽  
Pulsatile Release ◽  
Ecm Extracellular Matrix

AbstractEffective healing of skin wounds is essential for our survival. Although skin has strong regenerative potential, dysfunctional and disfiguring scars can result from aberrant wound repair. Skin scarring involves excessive deposition and misalignment of ECM (extracellular matrix), increased cellularity, and chronic inflammation. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling exerts pleiotropic effects on wound healing by regulating cell proliferation, migration, ECM production, and the immune response. Although blocking TGFβ signaling can reduce tissue fibrosis and scarring, systemic inhibition of TGFβ can lead to significant side effects and inhibit wound re-epithelization. In this study, we develop a wound dressing material based on an integrated photo-crosslinking strategy and a microcapsule platform with pulsatile release of TGF-β inhibitor to achieve spatiotemporal specificity for skin wounds. The material enhances skin wound closure while effectively suppressing scar formation in murine skin wounds and large animal preclinical models. Our study presents a strategy for scarless wound repair.

scholarly journals Systematic Review: Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Platelet-Rich Plasma and Biomaterials as New Regenerative Strategies in Chronic Skin Wounds and Soft Tissue Defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Gentile ◽  
Simone Garcovich
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Soft Tissue Defects ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Tissue Defects

The number of clinical trials evaluating adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and biomaterials efficacy in regenerative plastic surgery has exponentially increased during the last ten years. AD-MSCs are easily accessible from various fat depots and show intrinsic plasticity in giving rise to cell types involved in wound healing and angiogenesis. AD-MSCs have been used in the treatment of soft tissue defects and chronic wounds, employed in conjunction with a fat grafting technique or with dermal substitute scaffolds and platelet-rich plasma. In this systematic review, an overview of the current knowledge on this topic has been provided, based on existing studies and the authors’ experience. A multistep search of the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PreMEDLINE, Ebase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Clinicaltrials.gov, Scopus database, and Cochrane databases has been performed to identify papers on AD-MSCs, PRP, and biomaterials used in soft tissue defects and chronic wounds. Of the 2136 articles initially identified, 422 articles focusing on regenerative strategies in wound healing were selected and, consequently, only 278 articles apparently related to AD-MSC, PRP, and biomaterials were initially assessed for eligibility. Of these, 85 articles were excluded as pre-clinical, experimental, and in vitro studies. For the above-mentioned reasons, 193 articles were selected; of this amount, 121 letters, expert opinions, commentary, and editorials were removed. The remaining 72 articles, strictly regarding the use of AD-MSCs, PRP, and biomaterials in chronic skin wounds and soft tissue defects, were analyzed. The studies included had to match predetermined criteria according to the patients, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) approach. The information analyzed highlights the safety and efficacy of AD-MSCs, PRP, and biomaterials on soft tissue defects and chronic wounds, without major side effects.

The Effect of a Hydrocolloid Dressing on Second Intention Wound Healing in Cats

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Tsioli ◽  
Pagona G. Gouletsou ◽  
Apostolos D. Galatos ◽  
Dimitra Psalla ◽  
Antonios Lymperis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Dorsal Midline ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Hydrocolloid Dressing ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrocolloid dressing on second intention wound healing in cats. Two full-thickness skin wounds, measuring 2 × 2 cm, were created on both sides of the dorsal midline of 10 cats; bilaterally, one randomly selected wound was bandaged with a hydrocolloid dressing and the second one (control) with a semiocclusive pad. Subjective clinical evaluation of granulation tissue formation, of the quantity and nature of wound exudate, and planimetry were performed on the right-side wounds, and histological examination on the left. No significant differences in subjective clinical evaluation or in planimetry were observed between the hydrocolloid-treated wounds and controls. Most wounds had serous or absence of exudate (41.25% and 25%, respectively), whereas purulent exudate was observed in 7.5% of wounds. Edema was significantly increased in the hydrocolloid-treated wounds compared with controls on day 7 but no significant differences in the other histological variables were observed.

Proliferative Activity, Apoptosis, and Histogenesis in the Early Stages of Rat Tooth Extraction Wound Healing

2007 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Sato ◽  
Yasunori Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Early Stages

Neutralisation of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 or exogenous addition of TGF-beta 3 to cutaneous rat wounds reduces scarring

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shah ◽  
D.M. Foreman ◽  
M.W. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
Exogenous Addition ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Beta 2

Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to transforming growth factor-beta 1,2 to cutaneous wounds in adult rodents reduces scarring. Three isoforms of transforming growth factor-beta (1, 2 and 3) have been identified in mammals. We investigated the isoform/isoforms of TGF-beta responsible for cutaneous scarring by: (i) reducing specific endogenous TGF-beta isoforms by exogenous injection of isoform specific neutralising antibodies; and (ii) increasing the level of specific TGF-beta isoforms by exogenous infiltration into the wound margins. Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1 plus neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 2 reduced the monocyte and macrophage profile, neovascularisation, fibronectin, collagen III and collagen I deposition in the early stages of wound healing compared to control wounds. Treatment with neutralising antibodies to TGF-betas 1 and 2 markedly improved the architecture of the neodermis to resemble that of normal dermis and reduced scarring while the control wounds healed with scar formation. Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1 alone also reduced the monocyte and macrophage profile, fibronectin, collagen III and collagen I deposition compared to control wounds. However, treatment with neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1 alone only marginally reduced scarring. By contrast, wounds treated with neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 2 alone did not differ from control wounds. Interestingly, exogenous addition of the TGF-beta 3 peptide also reduced the monocyte and macrophage profile, fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III deposition in the early stages of wound healing and markedly improved the architecture of the neodermis and reduced scarring. By contrast, wounds treated with either TGF-beta 1 or with TGF-beta 2 had more extracellular matrix deposition in the early stages of wound healing but did not differ from control wounds in the final quality of scarring. This study clearly demonstrates isoform specific differences in the role of TGF-betas in wound healing and cutaneous scarring. TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 are implicated in cutaneous scarring. This study also suggests a novel therapeutic use of exogenous recombinant, TGF-beta 3 as an anti-scarring agent.

scholarly journals Adenosine Diphosphate Improves Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice Through P2Y12 Receptor Activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Alvarenga Borges ◽  
Ingrid Waclawiak ◽  
Janaína Lima Georgii ◽  
Vanderlei da Silva Fraga-Junior ◽  
Janaína Figueiredo Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Γδ T Cells ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Diabetic Mice

Chronic wounds are a public health problem worldwide, especially those related to diabetes. Besides being an enormous burden to patients, it challenges wound care professionals and causes a great financial cost to health system. Considering the absence of effective treatments for chronic wounds, our aim was to better understand the pathophysiology of tissue repair in diabetes in order to find alternative strategies to accelerate wound healing. Nucleotides have been described as extracellular signaling molecules in different inflammatory processes, including tissue repair. Adenosine-5’-diphosphate (ADP) plays important roles in vascular and cellular response and is immediately released after tissue injury, mainly from platelets. However, despite the well described effect on platelet aggregation during inflammation and injury, little is known about the role of ADP on the multiple steps of tissue repair, particularly in skin wounds. Therefore, we used the full-thickness excisional wound model to evaluate the effect of local ADP application in wounds of diabetic mice. ADP accelerated cutaneous wound healing, improved new tissue formation, and increased both collagen deposition and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) production in the wound. These effects were mediated by P2Y12 receptor activation since they were inhibited by Clopidogrel (Clop) treatment, a P2Y12 receptor antagonist. Furthermore, P2Y1 receptor antagonist also blocked ADP-induced wound closure until day 7, suggesting its involvement early in repair process. Interestingly, ADP treatment increased the expression of P2Y12 and P2Y1 receptors in the wound. In parallel, ADP reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, while increased IL-13 levels in the skin. Also, ADP increased the counts of neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, and gamma delta (γδ) T cells (Vγ4+ and Vγ5+ cells subtypes of γδ+ T cells), although reduced regulatory T (Tregs) cells in the lesion. In accordance, ADP increased fibroblast proliferation and migration, myofibroblast differentiation, and keratinocyte proliferation. In conclusion, we provide strong evidence that ADP acts as a pro-resolution mediator in diabetes-associated skin wounds and is a promising intervention target for this worldwide problem.

scholarly journals Experimental skin wound treatment with Copaifera langsdorffii Desf Kuntze (Leguminosae) extract and oil-resin in horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. e166095
Author(s):  
Débora Perrone Kauer ◽  
Juliana de Moura Alonso ◽  
Lucas Fernando Sergio Gushiken ◽  
Marivane Lemos ◽  
Carlos Roberto Padovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Copaifera Langsdorffii

Copaifera langsdorffii is a Brazilian native plant that is used for wound healing or as an anti-inflammatory agent. Non-healing wounds are an important health problem, particularly in horses, because they can cause the animal invalidity or even lead to death. In addition, horses respond to skin wounds with chronic inflammatory response and intense wound granulation, thereby delaying the healing process. By this way, our aim was to evaluate the healing potential of Copaifera langsdorffii hydroalcoholic extract (HE) and oil-resin creams (OR) in horse skin wounds. Four wounds were performed bilaterally in the lumbar region of six horses with a 2 cm punch and treated daily with the respective treatments: saline solution, vehicle, 10% HE creams or 10% OR cream. Daily planimetry analyses were performed to measure the wound area and clinical parameters. In four different experimental periods (3, 7, 14 and 21 d), wound biopsies were removed and used for microscopic analyses. SS wounds presented a significant small area at day 3 and 7, OR wounds presented significant small area in comparison with HE at 14 d, and no significant difference was observed between treatments at 21 d. A better microscopic and clinical healing activity of HE and OR was identified in comparison with the controls. The OR group showed better healing quality, specifically after 7 d of treatment. Therefore, Copaifera langsdorffii formulations demonstrated their wound healing potential in horse skin lesions, exhibiting an improvement of the macro- and microscopic parameters.

Effect of Dietary Restriction on Protein Synthesis and Wound Healing after Surgery in the Rat

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Emery ◽  
Peter Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Protein Synthesis Rate

1. The healing of an abdominal muscle wound after surgery is associated with a considerable increase in the rate of protein synthesis. We have investigated whether this increase in protein synthesis is affected by chronic undernutrition, and whether this causes a delay in wound healing. 2. A group of rats was fed 58% of the voluntary food intake of a matched control group. After 7 days half the rats in each group underwent abdominal surgery. Forty-eight hours later all the rats were killed and muscle protein synthesis rate was measured by the flooding dose technique. 3. In a second experiment using the same dietary regimen rats were placed in metabolic cages after surgery and killed 7 days later. In addition to measurements of muscle protein synthesis, wound breaking strength was measured with a tensiometer and collagen content was also measured at the wound site. 4. Dietary restriction caused a loss of body weight, a decrease in nitrogen balance and a deficit in muscle protein mass. It also caused a decrease in protein synthesis rate in gastrocnemius muscle and in parts of the abdominal muscle distant from the site of the wound. However, it had no effect on the rate of muscle protein synthesis at the site of the wound either 2 or 7 days after surgery. The tensile strength and the collagen content of the wound were also unaffected by food restriction. 5. It is concluded that the wound healing process is uniquely protected from the effects of moderate undernutrition such as might be experienced by a chronically ill patient.

Studies of Growth Factor and Matrix Proteinase Activities During Early Stages of Wound Healing

1995 ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Y. J. Chen ◽  
A. A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Early Stages
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